Objective of the paper is to present lung cancer as preventable disease based on epidemiological, molecular and genomic data. Lung cancer is the most deadly malignancy around the world, both in male and female population. Vast majority of lung cancers (close to 90%) are directly caused by cigarette smoking, and thus present one of the most preventable deadly disease in humanity. Analysis of history of cigarette consumption and rise of lung cancer as world epidemics. Review of efforts to fight tobacco epidemics and how it influences incidence and prevalence of the lung cancer. Investigation of the effects of cigarette smoking on health and economic status of Bosnia and Hercegovina. Tobacco epidemics and lung cancer can be prevented. Goal is to exterminate cigarette smoking. That can be achieved only concerted effort by members of family, patients themselves, physicians, researchers, non-governmental organizations, political figures and society as a whole. CONCLUSION In country like Bosnia and Herzegovina first step is to inform society about devastating effects of cigarette smoking. Best practices already exist and initial goal should be to start using them.

Parental health literacy plays an important role in children’s health. Experiences from pharmacy practice show that is necessary to check if parents understand instructions about use of medicines for children. This study aimed to assess pharmacotherapy literacy of parents of pre-school children and to examine association of parental pharmacotherapy literacy level with parent’s socio-demographic characteristics. The study was cross-sectional, conducted among parents of pre-school children (1–7 years of age), in kindergartens in several municipalities of Belgrade, Serbia, during regular parents meetings, from May to October 2016. Functional health literacy was measured by the Serbian version of the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA). Parental pharmacotherapy literacy was assessed with newly constructed PTHL-SR questionnaire with good psychometric characteristics (Parental pharmacotherapy literacy questionnaire—Serbian). Overall, 813 parents participated in the study, mostly females (81.30%), between 30 to 40 years of age (70.85%) with two children (56.70%). Almost all of our study participants (99%) had adequate health literacy as assessed by S-TOFHLA. Mean score on PTHL-SR was 72.83% (standard deviation was 13.37), with better results among females than males (72% of women were in the group of highest PTHL-SR results). Our study showed that many parents (76.5%) knew the appropriate usage of non-prescription medicine for children, 57.2% parents were able to correctly calculate the dose of oral syrup for a child, and only 43.3% were able to interpret non-prescription dosage information written on the package. The majority of parents (61.3%) would make a dosage to child based on age and not on their weight. Every fifth parent with adequate functional health literacy measured by S-TOFHLA test, achieved the lowest results measured by PTHL-SR. Higher performance of the PTHL-SR was significantly correlated with education (p < 0.001), female sex (p < 0.001), married parents and those living in common-law (p < 0.001), older parents (p < 0.05) and parents who have more children (p < 0.05), and are non-smokers (p < 0.05). These results provide evidence that limitations in understanding common information about use of medicines are widespread among parents of pre-school children and encourage efforts for further investigation. PTHL-SR questionnaire may be a useful tool for identification of parents who need more instructions and assistance from healthcare providers, above all in providing better communication, written or spoken at community pharmacy settings.

The aim of this study was to determine the serum level of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) and hence determine the relationship and the effect of daily milk production on the mentioned essential macro elements. The metabolism and neurohumoral regulation of Ca, P and Mg are closely related, and the metabolic disorder of one of these electrolytes inevitably affects the metabolism of the other two. The study was carried out in the winter period of animal keeping and nutrition, and it included 63 Holstein-Friesian breed cows in the northern region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, aged 2-9 years in different lactation stages (1-8). The largest number of cows, eighteen of them, were in the second, third and fourth lactation stage, while nine cows were in the first lactation stage. This study was conducted on three different groups of cows corresponding to the amount of daily milk production. First was the group of lower daily milk production n=21, the second group of examined cows was the group of medium daily milk production n=23 and third was the group of higher daily milk production n=19. Ca, P and Mg were determined in blood plasma using the Beckmann spectrophotometer. By examining the obtained results and the dynamics of the tested mineral substances, we point out the different behaviour of the Ca-P relationship in correlation with the different level of daily milk produced. Although the average values ​​of both minerals are lowered with an increase in daily milk production, the analysis of single linear regression shows that there is a negative correlation between P concentration in blood plasma and the amount of daily milk produced, while for Ca it has not been established . Although the concentration of Mg in the blood plasma increases as the daily milk production increases, the analysis of single linear regression does not show a significant interconnection of these two values. Lower average values of Ca and P concentrations in the blood of cows with higher daily milk production may be associated with increased total excretion of these minerals through milk, unlike the cows which daily produced lower amounts of milk.

U ovome radu opisan je prvi nalaz hrastove mrežaste stjenice (Corythuca arcuata) na podrucju centralne Bosne, na dva lokaliteta. Kako je ovo prvi nalaz ove vrste na podrucju Bosne i Hercegovine, potrebna su dodatna istraživanja biologije i stetnosti ovog insekta. Buduci da je ovo strana i potencijalno invazivna vrsta, može se ocekivati njeno sirenje po teritoriji citave Bosne i Hercegovine.