Book – 18th Alps-Adria Scientific Workshop 36 Baseline indicators to achive Land Degradation Neutrality at the country level Melisa LJUŠA – Hamid ČUSTOVIĆ University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71000 Sarajevo, BiH, E-mail: melisa.ljusa@gmail.com

Myeloperoxidase (MPO), an abundant hemoprotein present in neutrophils and monocytes, plays a significant role in immune surveillance and host defense mechanisms. However, increased MPO activity has been linked to a number of pathologies with compelling evidence in initiation and progression of inflammatory events. As a result, search for active compounds that can efficiently inhibit MPO activity and subsequently decrease inflammatory events has been focus of the current research. This perspective provides an overview of the development of MPO inhibitors, their mechanism of action and the review of molecules that were in clinical trials as promising MPO inhibitors.

Many studies highlight the health benefits of mushrooms, which are consequently becoming more and more interesting for researchers. The content of amino acids (AA), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidative activity (AAc) were determined in wild as well as cultivated mushrooms. The AA included: L-tryptophan (Trp), L-arginine (Arg), L-cysteine (Cys), L-methionine (Met), L-alanine (Ala), L-phenylalanine (Phe), L-lysine (Lys), L-valine (Val), L-glycine (Gly), and L-leucine (Leu). The wild mushrooms: Lactarius piperatus, Amanita caesarea, Lactarius deliciosus, Lycoperdon pyriforme, Macrolepiota procera, and cultivated mushrooms: Agaricus bisporus, Boletus aestivalis, Cantharellus cibarius, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Agaricus bisporus var. avellaneus were investigated in this study. The AA was determined by HPTLC method and quantified with a Camag TLC scanner and WINCAT software by scanning the plates at 540 nm. The TPC was spectrophotometrically estimated as gallic acid equivalents/g of fresh weight according to Folin-Ciocalteu’s method. The radical scavenging activity (RSA) of mushroom extracts was determined by DPPH assay. The highest content of Ala, Gly, Phe, Lys, Val, and Leu was found in Pleurotus ostreatus. The total phenolic content (mg GAE/g) in investigated mushrooms ranged from 1.90 to 35.56, and the % RSA ranged from 43.88 to 90.17. This study promotes the consumption of food rich in bioactive compounds, mushrooms being among such food. Further research on mushrooms from Bosnia and Herzegovina and their benefits in the overall maintenance of human health and protection from age-related diseases is necessary.