A fuzzy formula does not necessarily follow from a set of fuzzy formulas. In the case when fuzzy formulas and fuzzy dependencies are mutually identified, the corresponding equivalent statement has an obvious meaning. An affirmative statement, however, rises the question of automatization. In our earlier research, we offered an efficient algorithm based on application of selected fuzzy logic operators and resolution principle. In this paper we prove that those ingredients of the algorithm that explicitly depend on the choice of fuzzy implication operator, hold also true for the class of g-generated fuzzy implications.

Distributed energy trading among energy prosumers (i.e., energy producers that also consume energy) is expected to bring significant cost benefits for the participating actors. In terms of the system architecture, physical grouping into microgrids (MG) can be further enhanced by communication infrastructure that provides support for flexible organization of prosumers into virtual MGs. However, how to manage prosumers using communication infrastructure is not widely investigated. In this paper, we propose a virtual MG architecture induced by communication constraints and consider its impact on total costs of energy trading. More precisely, we refine the distributed energy trading model considered in the recent literature with additional communication constraints and investigate impact of the resulting virtualized MG architecture on the overall energy trading costs. We show by simulations that there indeed exists an optimal energy trading architecture that achieves minimum possible energy trading cost, for any given model parameters.

Introduction: The most common mental disorders in elderly, beside dementia, are depression and anxiety, which are important public health problem, although they are diagnosed and treated in under 20% of the population. Mental health care for elderly is one of the indicators of quality or omissions in the health system of a country. Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the incidence of depression and anxiety among the elderly in the Livno area. Material and methods: Across-sectional study was carried out in the Livno area through June 2017 on a sample of 100 respondents (N=100). Inclusion criteria: age over 65 years. Exclusion criteria: persons with malignancy, persons with psychiatric diagnosis or dementia. Research tools used: Questionnaire on sociodemographic status and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Self Evaluation Scale (HAD). Results: More than 90% of the respondents of both genders were estimated to be borderline depressed or depressed. There was a higher incidence of depression among male respondents, and anxiety among female respondents. Probably and borderline anxiety is recorded in 84% of respondents, which exceed the results of all available literature data. Religious habits have no influence on the occurrence of depression but there is a connection between prayer and anxiety occurrence. Conclusion: This research has established an extremely high incidence of depression and anxiety among the elderly in the Livno area. The results of the available studies indicate significantly lower rates of occurrence than in the tested sample. Socioeconomic status did not prove to be a significant predictor of the occurrence of these disorders.

This paper proposes a method for the scaled bilateral teleoperation with continuously variable position and force scaling. In the proposed method, the controller is reformulated to synchronize the forces and velocities which provides the operator with the ability to change the scaling gains during operation. For the derivation of the controller, exponentially decaying error dynamics are preferred over the assumption of disturbance compensation with Disturbance Observers (DOB). Following the mathematical derivation, the algorithm is tested on a setup containing single DOF master and slave robots with the ability of giving force feedback to the operator. In order to provide a complete analysis, several different sets of experiments are made with sinusoidal velocity and force scales having different amplitudes and frequencies. Experiment results illustrate the successful tracking responses and stable operation of the proposed control scheme for the continuously varying velocity and force scales.

This paper presents a controller structure for the continuous and robust modification of motion for multi body systems encountering contact with an environment during free motion. The presented algorithm relies on the reformulation of the position tracking error with a term proportional to the reaction force. With the proposed method, fusion of the position and the force controllers can be achieved which provide the robot with certain level of compliance. The derivation of the proposed method is followed by experiments made on a pantograph mechanism actuated by direct drive linear motors. The results obtained from the experiments illustrate the success of the proposed control architecture in providing a natural behavior for the robotic systems working in constrained environments.

This article gives an overview of TSO-DSO data exchanges when face the challenges posed by distributed energy resources and flexibility services in the distribution grid. Roles of TSOs and DSOs in the coordinated power system architecture are explained and use cases for TSO-DSO data exchange are provided. ICT architecture that supports data exchange in the coordinated power system is presented, with commonly used protocols. Additionally, the application of Internet of Things architecture is presented as a technology enabler for TSO-DSO data exchange in the near future. This paper is based on the H2020 TDX-ASSIST (www.tdx-assist.eu) deliverable D1.1 “TSO-DSO state of the art”.

Relative age effect (RAE) is a worldwide phenomenon described as consequences of age variations between individuals competing in the same cohort. RAE is based on systems that use January 1 as a cut-off date, probably used to attempt to minimize developmental differences between ages and to ensure a more equitable competition. Previously, in artistic gymnastics, a majority of studies on RAE was conducted in gymnasts of national levels. This study analysed RAE both among and between elite female (NF=1268) and male gymnasts (NM=1186) who participated at all Olympic Games held from 1964 to 2016. By using χ2 test, significant difference were found: 1) within frequencies of total sample of male gymnasts born in a certain month (p<0.001); 2) within frequencies of groups of male gymnasts apparatus finalists born in a certain month (p<0.005); 3) within frequencies of groups of male apparatus finalists born in a certain quarter of the year (p<0.005); 4) within frequencies of groups of male apparatus finalists born in a certain half of the year (p<0.005). As far as female gymnasts are concerned, significant differences have not been found within frequencies of any female group born in a certain month, quarter or halves of the year. Regarding differences between genders, no significant differences have been obtained between frequencies of male and female gymnasts born in certain month, quarter and halves of the year. Despite certain differences among and between genders, the general conclusion was that RAE is not present in elite gymnasts of both genders.

In order to make chemical characterization of two Origanum vulgare L. subspecies in Montenegro, the essential oils of five wild growing populations were analyzed. Among 67 oil constituents, in O. vulgare subsp. hirtum dominant one was oxygenated monoterpene carvacrol (74.3%), while in O. vulgare subsp. vulgare prevailed sesquiterpene hydrocarbons: germacrene D (15.4–27.9%) and β-caryophyllene (7.7–14.6%), and among oxygenated monoterpenes: α- terpineol (4.8–17.8%), linalyl acetate (0.5–9.6%), linalool (3.0–8.8%), thymol (0.2–8.3), terpinene 4-ol (1.5–8.3%). Several of the main essential oil constituents appeared to be highly intercorrelated. Strong positive correlations (r > 0.70; P < 0.01) were observed between α-terpineol and linalyl acetate, α-terpineol and thymol, linalyl acetate and thymol, γ-terpenene and carvacrol, (E)-β-ocimene and β-bisabolene, while strong negative correlations (r < −0.70; P < 0.01) were evidenced between γ-terpenene and β-caryophyllene, γ-terpenene and germacrene D, p-cymene and germacrene D. Multivariate analyses allowed the grouping of the populations into three distinct chemotypes. Population P5 (Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum) was distinguished from O. vulgare subsp. vulgare populations by predominance of carvacrol, while within the typical subspecies the population P1 (Boljevići) separated from P2 (Radovče), P3 (Lipovo) and P4 (Grahovo) by high oil levels of α-terpineol, linalyl-acetate and thymol.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a rare disease characterised by venous and/or arterial thrombosis, pregnancy complications and the presence of specific autoantibodies called antiphospholipid antibodies. This review aims to identify existing clinical practice guidelines (CPG) as part of the ERN ReCONNET project, aimed at evaluating existing CPGs or recommendations in rare and complex diseases. Seventeen papers providing important data were identified; however, the literature search highlighted the scarceness of reliable clinical data to develop CPGs. With no formal clinical guidelines in place, diagnosis and treatment of APS is largely based on consensus and expert opinion. Patients’ unmet need refers to the understanding of the disease and its clinical picture and implications, the need of education for patients, family members and healthcare providers, as well as to the development of monitoring pathways involving multiple healthcare providers.

Objective To report the effort of the European Reference Network for Rare and Complex CONnective tissue and musculoskeletal diseases NETwork working group on Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) and related disorders to assess current available clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) specifically addressed to EDS, in order to identify potential clinician and patient unmet needs. Methods Systematic literature search in PUBMED and EMBASE based on controlled terms (MeSH and Emtree) and keywords of the disease and publication type (CPGs). All the published articles were revised in order to identify existing CPGs on diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of EDS. Results Literature revision detected the absence of papers reporting good quality CPGs to optimise EDS patient care. The current evidence-based literature regarding clinical guidelines for the EDS was limited in size and quality, and there is insufficient research exploring the clinical features and interventions, and clinical decision-making are currently based on theoretical and limited research evidences. Conclusions Many clinician and patient unmet needs have been identified.

Introduction: The objective of this research was to determine whether vesicoureteral reflux(VUR) was associated with evolution to renal scarring (RS) following a febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) in infants. Materials and methods: Our research included 100 infants, ages up to 1 year with a first febrile UTI. The diagnostic was based on results of: laboratory findings, ultrasonography (USG), voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and initial and control renal scintigraphy (DMSA renal scan) withtechnetium99mTcsuccimer (dimercaptosuccinic acid), to assess the acute pyelonephritis (APN), VUR and RS. Results: APN was proven with DMSA renal scan in 66 (66%) infants. Twenty-two infants (33.3%) had VUR in-group of patients with APN. On the control DMSA scan, performed 6 months after the first DMSA, the presence of RS was found in 18 (27.27%) infants. In infants with renal scars VUR were discovered in 9 of them (50%). Conclusions: The pathogenesis of RS after febrile UTI in young children is multifactorial. Children with VUR have an increased risk for APN and RS. However, VUR is not the only precondition for RS. Creating a renal scarring cannot be imagined without the inflammatory process of the upper urinary system. Therefore, early detection and treatment of febrile UTIs in children and identify children at risk for RS are of primary importance.

Despite its importance being acknowledged in a plethora of studies, developing reading strategies appears absent from many classrooms, which justifies a considerable research interest in this topic. The present study aims to investigate how gender, nationality, and grade point average affect the frequency of the usage of different types of reading strategies among Bosnian university students. The research sample comprised 228 students studying at three universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The analysis revealed moderate to high awareness of reading strategies, the problem-solving strategies being most frequently used. A three-way ANOVA showed a significant main effect of gender as well as a significant interaction effect of Nationality × Grade Point Average on The Survey of Reading Strategies questionnaire. Moreover, a three-way MANOVA revealed that gender had a significant main effect on the combined variables, namely global, support, and problem-solving reading strategies. Similarly, the interaction effect of Nationality × Grade Point Average was significant on the three combined variables, while the interaction effects of Grade Point Average × Gender and Grade Point Average × Nationality proved significant only on the Problem-Solving subscale. The current study is expected to contribute to understanding the reading strategy use in a foreign language context, and to inspire educators to recognize the importance of their use in the classroom.

Pushing is a common task in robotic scenarios. In real-world environments, robots need to manipulate various unknown objects without previous experience. We propose a data-driven approach for learning local inverse models of robot-object interaction for push manipulation. The robot makes observations of the object behaviour on the fly and adapts its movement direction. The proposed model is probabilistic, and we update it using maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation. We test our method by pushing objects with a holonomic mobile robot base. Validation of results over a diverse object set demonstrates a high degree of robustness and a high success rate in pushing objects towards a fixed target and along a path compared to previous methods. Moreover, based on learned inverse models, the robot can learn object properties and distinguish between different object behaviours when they are pushed from different sides.

Multi-, many-core, hybrid processors and parallel programming languages are slowly becoming pervasive in main- stream computing. It is expected that they will affect a large spectrum of systems, from embedded and general-purpose, to high-end computing systems. This architectural change has already challenged programmers to efficiently write an application code that can scale over many cores to utilize its computational power. Moreover, many heterogeneous architectures exist today, hence there was an emergent need for a uniform interface to these architectures. Recently, Khronos Group defined the Open Computing Language (OpenCL) for abstracting the underlying hardware, which enables software developers to write a portable code across different shared-memory architectures. In this paper, we introduce a new parallel implementation of one of the fastest image segmentation algorithms known as Simple Linear Iterative Clustering based on OpenCL. We evaluate the effectiveness of this implementation using only multi-core GPCPU. Our implementation is fully compatible with sequential implementation. When the algorithm is executed sequentially it utilizes only 25% of total computational power of a GPCPU for any image resolution, while its modified algorithm is able to utilize close to 100% for high resolution images. The resulting algorithm is up to 5×faster than its sequential counterpart.