Objetivo: Identificar as principais alterações bucais em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento para neoplasias malignas na região de cabeça e pescoço em um centro de oncologia do agreste pernambucano. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, retrospectivo, realizado no Centro de Oncologia de Caruaru, por meio da análise de 50 prontuários de pacientes atendidos no setor de Odontologia em tratamento de câncer na região de cabeça e pescoço. Não houve exclusão segundo o sexo dos pacientes, e o número amostral foi determinado por conveniência. Foram excluídos os prontuários que tiveram ausência de informações sobre o tratamento, bem como os prontuários daqueles pacientes que abandonaram o tratamento com a equipe odontológica. Resultados: Dos pacientes, 74% eram do sexo masculino, 80% eram tabagistas e 72% etilistas. Todos os pacientes receberam orientações sobre cuidados bucais, todavia 50% deles receberam essas orientações apenas durante o tratamento antineoplásico. A principal alteração bucal encontrada foi a mucosite (70%), seguida pela xerostomia (54%), disgeusia (50%) e disfagia (48%). Cárie de radiação e osteorradionecrose acometeram apenas 2% dos pacientes. Conclusão: Todos os pacientes receberam orientações sobre cuidados bucais por um dentista, porém a maioria recebeu essas informações durante o tratamento antineoplásico. Várias alterações bucais associadas ao tratamento antineoplásico foram observadas, sendo a mucosite oral a manifestação mais frequente.

Предмет рада јесте анализа употребе криптовалута у међународном пословању. Циљеви истраживања су да се научној и стручној јавности, истраживачима и практичарима, пружи преглед тренутних истраживања блокчејн технологије у економији, те да утврди утицај шире употребе криптовалута у међународном пословању и њихов утицај на будућност финансијских тржишта. Истраживање је спроведено методом описивања, анализе литературе и спроведених истраживања. На одабраним примјерима приказане су могућности за стицање, куповање и чување криптовалута, плаћање криптовалутама и улагање у њих. Истраживање ће понудити одговор на истраживачко питање: „Које су предности и недостаци употребе криптовалута умеђународном плаћању, те каква је сигурност употребе криптовалу-та у будућности?” Одговор ће показати у којем смјеру ће се развијатикориштење криптовалута. Допринос рада огледа се кроз представља-ње домета и ограничења кориштења криптовалута у међународномпословању, банкарству и на финансијским тржиштима. Резултатиистраживања показују да блокчејн технологија, иако не би дошла доизражаја да биткоин није стекао популарност, има свијетлу перспек-тиву. Закључци упућују на то да, докле год су трошкови трансакцијанижи од трошкова платног промета, рационално понашање правнихи физичких лица налаже да између себе треба да подстичу кориште-ње криптовалута с циљем да приликом плаћања смање трошковетранслација и превазиђу постојање посредника.

The subject of this paper is to analyse utilization of cryptocurrencies in international business. The objectives of the research are to provide the scientific and professional public, researchers and practitioners with an overview of current research on blockchain technology in the economy and to determine the impact of the wider use of cryptocurrencies in international business and their impact on the future of financial markets. The research was carried out by using the method of description, literature analysis and research conducted. The selected examples present the possibility for earning, buying and storing cryptocurrencies, paying with crypto-money and investing in them. The research will offer an answer to the research question “What are the advantages and disadvantages of using cryptocurrencies in international payments and what are the security measures of using cryptocurrencies in the future?” In the answer, this paper will present the direction in which the use of crypts will develop in the future. The contribution of the paper is reflected in the presentation of the scope and restrictions on the use of cryptocurrencies in international business, banking and financial markets. Results have shown that blockchain technology has a bright perspective, even though it would not be known today if bitcoin had not gained in popularity. The conclusions suggest that, as long as the transaction costs are lower than the costs of payment transactions, the rational behaviour of legal and natural persons requires encouraging the use of cryptocurrencies in order to reduce the costs of transactions and to overcome the existence of an intermediary.

ABSTRACT To explore the impact of temperature difference (TD) on the disintegration of redbed softrock, three types of redbed rock, collected from Nanxiong Basin, were analyzed under three different treatments: TD, wetting and drying (WD), and TDWD-temperature difference and WD. To better understand the influence of different ranges of TD on disintegration during WD cycles, pH (hydrogen ion concentration) values, electrical conductivity (EC) values, and concentration of cations in leachate released during treatment were measured. The results show that no significant change can be observed under single TD treatment but that TD can increase the disintegration rate by accelerating the water–rock interaction. The effect of TD is more significant for rock with weak resistance to disintegration.

OBJECTIVE We present a case of relapsing tumefactive demyelination in a young female patient, that posed a real diagnostic challenge, with a heterogeneous clinical picture, atypical for multiple sclerosis (MS) presentation, and neuroradiological manifestations with a high suspicion of neoplastic diseases. CASE REPORT An 18-year old female patient presented to our Neurosurgical Out-patients' Clinic with symptoms atypical for multiple sclerosis, unremarkable neurological deficit, one tumefactive lesion on MRI, followed by relapse and another two lesions within a period of six months. We decided to perform biopsy of the tumefactive lesion with compressive effect. Serological and clinical data were negative for MS, and the patient did not respond well to corticosteroid therapy. Fresh frozen tumor tissue aroused a strong suspicion of gemistocytic astrocytoma, so total resection was done, but the definitive pathohistological examination confirmed tumefactive demyelination. CONCLUSION For clinicians, it is important to consider demyelinating disease in the differential diagnosis of a tumorlike lesion of the central nervous system, in order to avoid invasive and potentially harmful diagnostic procedures, especially in younger patients.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this research was to detect the presence of depressive symptoms among the student population at a Faculty of Medicine, as well to determine the correlation between the socio-demographic characteristics and students' lifestyle and depressive symptoms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Of 800 students enrolled and asked to participate, 412 responded to the survey. The study included students from all 6 years of studies. The degree of depressive symptoms was measured by a 21-item revised form of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We built bivariate logistic regression models to study whether age, gender, housing accommodation, year of medical training, and school success status (Grade Point Average - GPA) were associated with depressive symptoms. The results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The study revealed that almost one third of students reported BDI >16 (30.1%). The present study did not find any association between BDI scores and study year or age difference, but we found that there was an association between housing accommodation and depressive symptoms. Students who lived with their parents had lower BDI scores than those who lived in a dormitory. The results of this study showed there is a negative correlation between physical activity and depressive symptoms in students, as well as that there is a positive correlation between depressive symptoms and substance abuse. CONCLUSION Overall, our study confirms that the factors associated with an increase in medical students' depressive symptoms are housing accommodation, a lack of physical activity and substance abuse. Regarding failing a year of study at the medical school, as well as gender and age differences, we did not find any significant difference between students with higher compared to those with lower depressive symptoms.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of gender on the mental index (MI) and the mandibular cortical index (MCI). METHODS In this study, there were 120 subjects (43 male and 77 female subjects), who had undergone a dental panoramic radiograph examination for the needs of diagnosis and future treatment planning. MI and MCI were determined by orthopantomograph. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in MI dependent on gender. Male patients demonstrated significantly higher values for MI than female patients (right: t=4.127; P=0.0001, left: t=3.110; P=0.002). No statistically significant difference was observed for MCI dependent on gender (right: χ²=2.36 P=0.308, left: χ²=3.85 P=0.146). CONCLUSION MI is affected by gender, but MCI is not.

OBJECTIVE We present a case of relapsing tumefactive demyelination in a young female patient, that posed a real diagnostic challenge, with a heterogeneous clinical picture, atypical for multiple sclerosis (MS) presentation, and neuroradiological manifestations with a high suspicion of neoplastic diseases. CASE REPORT An 18-year old female patient presented to our Neurosurgical Out-patients' Clinic with symptoms atypical for multiple sclerosis, unremarkable neurological deficit, one tumefactive lesion on MRI, followed by relapse and another two lesions within a period of six months. We decided to perform biopsy of the tumefactive lesion with compressive effect. Serological and clinical data were negative for MS, and the patient did not respond well to corticosteroid therapy. Fresh frozen tumor tissue aroused a strong suspicion of gemistocytic astrocytoma, so total resection was done, but the definitive pathohistological examination confirmed tumefactive demyelination. CONCLUSION For clinicians, it is important to consider demyelinating disease in the differential diagnosis of a tumorlike lesion of the central nervous system, in order to avoid invasive and potentially harmful diagnostic procedures, especially in younger patients.

Rhyacophila Pictet 1834 is globally distributed and highly diverse genus of caddisflies (Trichoptera), characterized by numerous regionally endemic species. In the Balkan Peninsula, the highest number of Rhyacophila species (23) was recorded for Bosnia and Herzegovina. Rhyacophila bosnica Schmid, 1970 is found only in the Balkan Dinaric region, with a locus typicus in Vučja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Like with many species of Trichoptera, the morphology of its larva is still unknown. Therefore, DNA barcoding approach was used to link two developmental stages. In this paper, we report on the first DNA barcode record for this species.

Following the “horse meat scandal” in 2013, European Union countries have conducted official control of EU market and unraveled food fraud which implicated a number of processed food products and food businesses. Five years after the breakout of the scandal, no official information on market surveillance in Bosnia and Herzegovina is available. Therefore, 73 randomly selected meat products from retail were collected and analyzed for the presence of horse DNA. Horse DNA was detected in 21 products (28.77%). Particularly disturbing for B&H consumers is high proportion of sujuk samples positive for horse DNA (46.15%) with lower incidence among the products of small manufactures. Also disturbing is the finding that 71.43% of the products that contain horse DNA were produced in B&H. According to our data there is a requirement for stricter surveillance of both import and internal market.

Apart from its physiological role in the cellular oxidation of ethanol interesting feature of the ADH1B gene locus is its characteristic geographical distribution in which certain variants of ADH1B peak in different parts of the world.  Therefore, ADH1B rs2066701 polymorphism is exploited as a genetic marker in tracing of the evolutionary processes and human migrations in the past. Taking into consideration the complexity of population genetic structure and several migrations in the history of the Balkan populations, including Bosnian and Herzegovinian, this study aimed to estimate the frequency of ADH1B rs2066701 polymorphism in the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The total of 101 randomly sampled individuals was genotyped for rs2066701 polymorphism in ADH1B gene using PCR-RFLP method. The obtained frequencies were used to calculate heterozygosity, fixation indices and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Observed population-structure parameters were compared with other population values available in ALFRED database. Dimensional relations between the investigated populations were visualised with the NM-MDS (non metric multidimensional scaling) analysis using PAST. The minor allele frequency for rs2066701 was 0,257. Inter-population analysis including other European and non-European populations from the ALFRED database proved the above-mentioned European genetic background of the B&H population.