Jules Rene Guerin (Boussu, Belgium, 1801–Hyres, 1886) commenced his medical studies at Paris in 1821, obtaining his doctorate at that university in 1826 (1-3). He was early attracted to journalism, and two years later he founded the medical journal Gazette de sante, of which he was both editor and publisher, and for which he also wrote articles.

The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of contrast training(CT) on vertical jump performance. Thirteen out of 83 studies were included for syst ...

Abstract The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of perceived value dimensions (i.e., economic value, hedonic value, symbolic value, and social value) on behavioral intent to engage in collaborative consumption from the perspective of Generation Y. Furthermore, this research aims to investigate the mediating effect of young consumers’ attitude toward collaborative consumption on the relationship between perceived value dimensions and behavioral intent to engage in collaborative consumption. Research findings suggest that specific dimensions of perceived value (economic, hedonic, symbolic, and social) have different direct effects on young consumers’ behavioral intention to engage in collaborative consumption services. Regarding the mediating role of consumers’ attitude toward collaborative consumption, it was found that the mediating effect takes place only in the symbolic value-behavioral response link. Given the paucity of research focusing specifically on collaborative consumption from the perspective of Generation Y, this study provides new and useful insights for researchers and managers.

The bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) have been identified in the extragastric tissues in the head and neck. The origin and pathogenicity of these bacteria in the head and neck are not known. Gastric reflux and nasal or oral routes are the possible modes of spread. In many sinonasal, pharyngeal, laryngeal, and middle ear disorders, laryngopharyngeal reflux has been identified as a contributing or causative factor. One possible mode by which laryngopharyngeal reflux may contribute is by seeding of the extragastric mucosa with H. pylori. The clinical significance of the discovery of H. pylori in extragastric tissues in the head and neck is unclear. There is no evidence of a pathologic or active role of H. pylori in otorhinolaryngological disorders. The suggestion that the sinonasal cavities and pharynx may serve as a reservoir for H. pylori and that reinfection of the stomach occurs after eradication therapy awaits further studies for confirmation. No connection was observed between H. pylori found in the stomach and H. pylori found in the head and neck. Also, these bacteria, found in the head and neck tissues, may be accidental or innocent bystanders that do not affect the pathways of otolaryngological and gastroduodenal diseases. This review examines the evidence for a possible relationship of H. pylori with otorhinolaryngological diseases.

For measuring lightning strokes, it is necessary to select the appropriate sensor. The nominal sensor parameters (lightning current peak and frequency range) should be selected taking into account that the lightning current peak which strikes the tower top can be up to 400 kA. In addition, sensors should be able to store all the components in one flash. This paper presents the system of testing and sensor calibration.

Side-scan sonar mapping of an unknown large-scale seafloor area by a marine vehicle is nowadays very common. It is also important that a-priori unknown interesting parts of the seafloor area are scanned in more detail, i.e. sonified from both sides. However, completely autonomous and time-efficient coverage path (re)planning for such missions is still an open issue. In contrast to the standard overlap-all-sonar-ranges lawnmower pattern offline static coverage problem solution for side-scan sonar missions, in this paper two online sonar data-driven coverage algorithms are proposed as extensions of authors’ prior work. Analytical upper and lower bounds on performance of the proposed coverage planning algorithms are given and validated through extensive mission parameters variation simulations. Statistical performance analysis of the proposed coverage planning algorithms’ performance shows significant complete coverage time efficiency improvements w.r.t. the classical unadaptive lawnmower approach. Also, a detailed comparison of coverage planning algorithms proposed by the authors so far is provided.

Abstract The role of local government units and the level of fiscal autonomy are the main drivers of local development activities in countries. The aim of this paper is to measure the level of fiscal autonomy of large cities that have been identified as conductors of local development activities in three Southeastern European (SEE) countries, namely Croatia, Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as to compare the level of fiscal autonomy between large cities and other remaining local units in the respective countries. The results of the research measured by the index of fiscal autonomy and compared with the index of fiscal autonomy of all remaining local government units in each of these countries indicate limited fiscal autonomy. Th is research provides new scientific evidence and fills the gap regarding the level of fiscal autonomy of large cities to improve and increase their budget capacity.

BACKGROUND Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex stress related disorder, that follows a severe traumatic experience, characterized with an intense sense of terror, fear, and helplessness. The aim of this study is to identify associations of genetic variations within candidate genes DRD2 and DRD4 with various PTSD related phenotypes. PTSD lifetime and PTSD current subjects were analyzed separately, each of them were analyzed in a Case/Control design, as well as regarding BSI and CAPS within cases only. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 719 (487 male, 232 female) participants who had experienced war-related trauma between 1991 and 1999 in Bosnia and Hercegovina, Kosovo and Croatia were included in the study. Sociodemographic questionnaire, Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) were used to collect clinical data. RESULTS The DRD2 rs1800497 variant and a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) located in exon three of DRD4 were investigated for association with PTSD. In case control analyses we did not identify any significant associations. Within the PTSD current patients, we identified an association of DRD2 rs1800497 with BSI in the genotypic and the recessive model with the T allele as the risk allele. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that rs1800497 of DRD2 gene is involved in pathogenesis of PTSD.

BACKGROUND Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder caused by highly traumatic experiences. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the neuropeptide S receptor 1 (NPSR1) and the glutamate decarboxylase 1(GAD1) gene on PTSD and its psychopathological aspects among individuals affected by the Balkan wars during the 90s. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study was conducted as part of the South Eastern Europe (SEE) study on molecular mechanisms of PTSD. It comprised 719 participants (539 males), including those with current PTSD, remitted PTSD and healthy volunteers. Psychometric evaluation was performed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.), the Clinician Administrated PTSD Scale (CAPS) andthe Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). We examined NPSR1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs324981 and GAD1 variant rs3749034 genotypes. Case-control analyses were carried out using logistical regression to determine genotype differences between all patients that had either current or remitted PTSD and control individuals. To analyse the influence of the analysed SNPs on PTSD severity, we performed linear regression analyses with CAPS and BSI within each of the two patient groups separately. All of the calculations were performed for additive allelic, recessive, dominant and genotypic models. RESULTS We observed a nominally significant association for the major allele (G) of GAD1 rs3749034 with an increased risk to develop PTSD in a case control analysis in the recessive model (P=0.0315, odds ratio=0.47, SE=0.35). In contrast, a nominally significant association of the minor allele (A) with higher CAPS scores was identified within the patient group with lifetime PTSD in the dominant model (P=0.0372, β=6.29, SE=2.99). None of these results did withstand correction for multiple tests. No nominal significant results of GAD1 rs3749034 were found with regard to the intensity of psychological BSI symptoms. Case-control analyses of NPSR1 rs324981 revealed a nominally significant higher risk for homozygous T allele carriers to develop PTSD (P=0.0452) in the recessive model. On the other hand, the T allele showed a nominally significant association with higher BSI scores in patients suffering from lifetime PTSD in the recessive model (P=0.0434). Again, these results were not significant anymore after correction for multiple tests. No associations of NPSR1 rs324981 and CAPS score was identified. CONCLUSION The findings of this study provide some evidence that the NPSR1 and GAD1 polymorphisms might play a role in the development of war-related PTSD and its related psychological expressions. Further research is needed to elucidate the interactions of specific gene variants and environmental factors in the development of PTSD.

BACKGROUND Individuals who are exposed to traumatic events are at an increased risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a condition during which an individual's ability to function is impaired by emotional responses to memories of those events. The gene coding for neuropeptide Y (NPY) and the gene coding for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are among the number of candidate gene variants that have been identified as potential contributors to PTSD. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between NPY and BDNF and PTSD in individuals who experienced war-related trauma in the South Eastern Europe (SEE) conflicts (1991-1999). SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study included participants with current and remitted PTSD and healthy volunteers (N=719, 232 females, 487 males), who were recruited between 2013 and 2015 within the framework of the South Eastern Europe (SEE) - PTSD Study. Psychometric methods comprised the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.), the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). DNA was isolated from whole blood and genotyped for NPY rs5574 via PCR - RFLP and NPY rs16147 and BDNF rs6265 using the KASP assay. RESULTS Tests for deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium showed no significant results. Analyses at the categorical level yielded no associations between the affected individuals and all three SNPs when compared to controls. Within lifetime PTSD patients, the major alleles of both NPY variants showed a nominally significant association with higher CAPS scores (p=0.007 and p=0.02, respectively). Also, the major allele of rs5574C>T was associated with higher BSI scores with a nominal significance among current PTSD patients (p=0.047). The results did not withstand a Bonferroni adjustment (α=0.002). CONCLUSION Nominally significant associations between NPY polymorphisms and PTSD susceptibility were found that did not withstand Bonferroni correction.