INTRODUCTION The literature indicates different factors influencing recruitment of health professional students to work in rural areas. The purpose of this study is to explore the willingness of health profession students in the Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina to work in a rural area following graduation and the factors influencing incentives to pursue a rural career. METHODS The cross-sectional study included first-year through sixth-year students aged 18 years or older and enrolled in one of three study programs at the Faculty of Medicine: medicine, dentistry and nursing. The questionnaire was distributed at the beginning of the winter semester during the first required lecture for each year and study program class. Data was analyzed using student t-test, analysis of variance when appropriate, Kruskal-Wallis test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 519 students participated, an 88.3% response rate. Three hundred and ninety-nine (77%) participants responded positively to the question 'When you complete your studies, would you be inclined to accept a job in a rural region?' Factors associated with willingness to practise in rural areas included being female (p=0.027) and having a rural upbringing (p=0.037). Significant differences between medicine, nursing and dentistry students were found in their opinion that willingness to work in rural practice depends greatly on the possibility to get residency more easily (p=0.001). Compared to their peers, nursing students had better opportunities to attend national courses cost-free (p=0.027) and to be involved in the education of new generations of health profession students (p=0.001). Getting a post in an urban area after a work period in a rural area was most valued as an incentive by dentistry students (p=0.037). The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze predictors of willingness to practise in rural areas. Students who had been raised in a rural community (p=0.042) as well as female students (p=0.016) were more likely to accept rural practice. Statistical significance at an alpha level of 0.05 was not reached for study program and year of study. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study showed a high willingness of medicine, dentistry and nursing students to work in rural areas following graduation. Female students and students who were raised in a rural community were more likely to choose a rural career. Stakeholders should be committed to strengthening the rural deployment of health professionals by creating a more attractive, rural environment.

Introduction: Hygiene of removable dentures can not be separated from oral hygiene. Removable dentures persist in mouth for up to 16 hours every day. Inadequately cleaned dentures with lots of plaque accumulated, can compromise health status of mucosa and remaining teeth. It can lead to stomatitis protetica, candidiasis and periodontitis. Aim of the research was to investigate habits of 65+ old patients, regarding the method and frequency of cleaning their dentures, to investigate substances used for cleaning and to investigate frequency and causes for dental visits. Materials and methods: Questionnaire was presented to 61 patient who were 65 or older, and have removable dentures. Results: 82% of the patients interviewed is cleaning their dentures at least twice daily.93% of them is using the mechanical method of cleaning the dentures. 86% is using a toothpaste for cleaning, 52% is keeping the dentures in clean water when it is not in the mouth, 48% is using cleaning tablets. 57% of interviewed patients is wearing dentures at night. 48% of them reported that they have never been instructed from their dentists on how to clean their dentures. 36% of them goes to the dentist only when have some emergency problem. Conclusion: The patients had limited knowledge about prosthetic- and oral hygiene, and they rarely visited dentist. The data collected provided an insight on habits of patients and pointed to the need of greater involvement in prosthetic hygiene promotion and in better informing of the patients.

Under normal conditions it may take years to gather failure data on the life cycle of new LED products. Through accelerated life testing the product life of HP LED is simulated by increasing the stress levels of the ambient temperature to higher than normal. A lifetime acceleration estimate is made using the Arrhenius model. The value of activation energy is not assumed, but is experimentally determined by performing tests at multiple temperatures and plotting the results. The acceleration factor is obtained by the ratio of the reaction rates at the tested temperatures and the declared temperature. Using the correct value of the activation energy is important because it represents the dominating reason for degradation and small change in its value will have an effect on the acceleration factor.Under normal conditions it may take years to gather failure data on the life cycle of new LED products. Through accelerated life testing the product life of HP LED is simulated by increasing the stress levels of the ambient temperature to higher than normal. A lifetime acceleration estimate is made using the Arrhenius model. The value of activation energy is not assumed, but is experimentally determined by performing tests at multiple temperatures and plotting the results. The acceleration factor is obtained by the ratio of the reaction rates at the tested temperatures and the declared temperature. Using the correct value of the activation energy is important because it represents the dominating reason for degradation and small change in its value will have an effect on the acceleration factor.

Hepatoprotective agents are medicines or dietary supplements that are used as an adjunct to the treatment of acute and chronic viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma prevention, as well as other liver diseases. Experiments on animals and cell cultures have shown that natural compounds can alleviate and prevent pathological changes in the liver. In the past few years, considerable attention has been paid to medicinal herbs with hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and immune properties. The plants contain numerous phytochemicals, including polyphenols, phenolic acids, coumarins, styles, tannins, lignans, and lignins. These compounds include silymarin, curcumin, picroside, kutkoside, phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhizin, berberine, luteolin, quercetin, coumarin derivatives (4-methylumbelliferone), and others. Many studies have been aimed at collecting data on some types of edible plants and fruits (grapefruit, cranberries, grapes, beets, cacti, chamomile, spirulina, propolis) that have shown hepatoprotective effects.

A 32-item scale that can be used to measure physics students' understanding of introductory level wave optics.

In a post conflict zone, restoration of monuments is not only a scientific or technical matter but also a highly symbolic and emotional act of reclaiming culture, identity and urban form. In Bosnia and Herzegovina minarets are shaped by local building traditions and materials, influenced by the ottoman classical minaret format. Most of the prominent mosques have stone minarets, especially in regions abundant with suitable stone and craftsmanship. Wooden minarets were usually built alongside local neighbourhood mosques and they defined city image due to their frequent occurrence in most parts of the urban core. Restoration of these two types of minarets is significantly different mainly due to the nature of the material itself. Interventions on stone minarets were carried out through reconstruction and re-composition of elements, based on documentation about the structure. Stone remains were actually the prime source of information for geometry and breadth of the minaret body and for the complex structural considerations – mainly how to counteract the tension forces. Restoration of wooden minarets had its own challenges, due to the fact that after a major destruction its parts could not be reused and there was less available documentation about the original state. The paper will consider different parameters and make a comparative analysis on both typologies, from materials, structure, aspects of intervention and their subsequent role in restoring the historic urban landscape.