Alepski bor (Pinus halepensis Mill.) se koristio u pošumljavanju krša šibenske regije od sredine 19. stoljeća, te se zbog toga ova vrsta često javlja u ranije zasnovanim parkovima. Upravo zbog poznatih dekorativnih karakteristika, te kulturološke vrijednosti, cilj rada je izvršiti inventarizaciju i predočiti estetsku ocjenu zelenih površina s alepskim borom. U tu svrhu provedena je taksonomska analiza vrsta na zelenim površinama s alepskim borom. Florističko i anketno istraživanje je provedeno tijekom 2013. godine na području grada Šibenika. S obzirom na tip habitusa po Erhardtu i sur., 2002. dominiraju grmolike forme i alohtone dendrološke svojte. Temeljem rezultata istraživanja vizualnog dojma „geštalta”, putem anketnog ispitivanja, zaključak je da ispitanici ugodno doživljavaju parkovne prostore s alepskim borom.

Avelumab, an anti–programmed death‐ligand 1 monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma and platinum‐treated urothelial carcinoma, was initially approved with a 10 mg/kg weight‐based dose. We report pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic analyses for avelumab comparing weight‐based dosing and a flat 800 mg dose, developed using data from 1,827 patients enrolled in 3 clinical trials (NCT01772004, NCT01943461, and NCT02155647). PK metrics were simulated for weight‐based and flat‐dosing regimens and summarized by quartiles of weight. Derived exposure metrics were used in simulations of exposure‐safety (various tumors) and exposure‐efficacy (objective responses; Merkel cell or urothelial carcinoma). Flat dosing was predicted to provide similar exposure to weight‐based dosing, with slightly lower variability. Exposure‐safety and exposure‐efficacy simulations suggested similar benefit:risk profiles for the two dosing regimens. These pharmacometric analyses provided the basis for the US Food and Drug Administration approval of a flat dose of avelumab 800 mg every 2 weeks in approved indications.

Reversible computation has been recognized as a potential solution to the technological bottleneck in the future of computing machinery. Rolf Landauer determined the lower limit for power dissipation in computation and noted that dissipation happens when information is lost, that is, when a bit is erased. This meant that with reversible computation, conserving information conserves energy as well, and as such can operate on arbitrarily small power. There were only a few applications and use cases of reversible computing hardware. Here, we present a novel reversible computation architecture for time reversal of waves, with an application to sound wave communications. This energy-efficient design is also a natural one, and it allows the use of the same hardware for transmission and reception at the time reversal mirror.

Background: The aim of the article was to create an appropriate computer model based on the real status of the mortar operator's workplace and to analyze the workplace. After that, for any possible exceedances from the aspect of the organism's load and safety, the aim is to redesign the workplace and bring it within the limits of the permissible load, and therefore the required safety. The aim is also to identify the characteristic work movements performed by the soldier and to carry out an ergonomic analysis of the soldier's efforts and to propose appropriate improvements. Methods: The analysis is performed on a total of 20 soldiers, from which is determined an average model of the following characteristics:  180 cm in height and 85 kg in weight. The task is to take a mine from the shell containing the mines, then transfer it to the mortar and fill the mortar barrel. The weight of the 120 mm mortar grenade is 14.8 kg. The average soldier is 26 years old and his military exercise lasts 4 hours.  The CATIA software package (Dassault Systèmes, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France) is used for analysis. By knowing the anthropometric and work environment data, with ergonomic design and analysis, the following analyses were made: biomechanical analysis, rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) and carry analysis (option from CATIA software). Results:  The proposed modification of the position resulted in a decrease in the L4/L5  torque from 316 Nm to 154 Nm along with decreasing of the compression force on the L4/ L5 from 5,779 N to 3038 N (the compression force allowed is 3,400 N), and while the RULA analysis is from the red color position 1 (score 7; maximum load requiring rapid repositioning of such position), revised final score 4 made in yellow (a solution acceptable for this work place). Conclusions: By ergonomic analysis, obtained proposal will lead to less chance of injury, prevention of burn out syndrome, fewer chances of illness, decreasing the fatigue, greater safety, less energy spent and better preparedness for all necessary tasks.

Predatory journals refer to journals that recruit articles through aggressive marketing and spam emails, promising a quick, but not robust, review and fast open-access (OA) publication, thus compromising scholarly publishing standards.1–5 Their key motive is a financial benefit via article processing charges (APCs) and other additional fees.1 3 4 The number of OA journals has dramatically risen over the past 15 years,6 reaching 11 376 journals, indexed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) in 2018 (available at https://doaj.org). This expansion was parallel to the increase in the number of predatory publishers.7 8 Predatory journals have become more prevalent than ever due to massive internet expansion and extensive spam email soliciting.2 4 9 Since 2011, when Jeffrey Beall launched his first list of potential predatory OA publishers and journals, predatory journals have come into focus.3 4 Recent studies have highlighted the significant burden of potentially predatory journals in several biomedical specialties, including neuroscience/neurology, urology, emergency medicine, physical medicine, orthopaedics, rehabilitation, as well as anaesthesiology.7 8 10–13 No study on predatory journals in pathology has been conducted so far. As previously suggested, we explored Beall’s list of predatory journals as an initial database of suspected journals related to pathology.2 8 The term predatory was only applied after assessing each journal separately. The assessment was based on the recommended …

Fresh sausages are highly perishable, and the preservatives allowed in these types of meat preparations are limited. Balkan-style fresh sausages were prepared in triplicate without antimicrobials (Control), with an aqueous hops extract (30 mL/kg), with Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil (1 mL/kg), or a combination of both (15 and 0.5 mL/kg, respectively), and refrigerator-stored under a 20% CO2 and 80% N2 atmosphere. The spoilage microbial growth, i.e., lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Brochothrix thermosphacta, Enterobacteriaceae, Micrococcaceae, molds and yeasts, the pH value, and the production of biogenic amines in the sausages were monitored weekly and compared with a control sausage during a 35-day storage period. Furthermore, 349 colonies of presumptive LAB (isolated from the De Mann, Rogose-Sharpe agar plates) were identified using a MALDI-TOF-based method. Growth levels to ≈ 9 Log colony forming units (CFU) per g were reached by LAB, with a predominance of Lactobacillus sakei. Enterobacteriaceae and B. thermosphacta also showed significant growth (up to 6 Log CFU/g). Biogenic amine levels increased, and tyramine values overcame 250 mg/kg. The study could not demonstrate a significant effect of antimicrobial source treatments in any of the characteristics studied, and thus, the shelf-life of sausages.

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often exhibit problematic eating behaviors, an observation mostly based on male dominated, clinical ASD study samples. It is, however, important to evaluate both children with an ASD diagnosis and children with subclinical autistic traits as both often experience difficulties. Moreover, considering the suggestion of a possible girl-specific ASD phenotype, there is a need to determine whether autistic traits are related with problematic eating behaviors in girls as well. This study explores the sex-specific association between autism (both autistic traits and diagnosed ASD) and eating behavior in middle childhood in Generation R, a prospective population-based cohort from fetal life onwards. We collected parental reports of autistic traits at six years (Social Responsiveness Scale) and of eating behavior at ten years (Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire). In this cohort of 3559 children, autistic traits at six years were associated with more Picky Eating, Emotional Eating and Food Responsiveness in later childhood (e.g. adjusted B for Picky Eating = 0.07; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.11). Stratified analyses showed that in girls, autistic traits were associated with more Emotional Overeating and Emotional Undereating (e.g. adjusted B for Emotional Undereating = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.20), while no associations were found for boys. Results comparing children with and without an ASD diagnosis in the cohort largely confirm these associations (e.g. in girls, adjusted B for Emotional Undereating = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.01, 1.42). Our results point to a sex-specific association between autism and eating behavior in middle childhood. Also, our study is the first study to show that autistic traits are associated with emotionally based eating problems in girls and possibly represent part of a girl-specific ASD phenotype.

Abstract We investigated the structural and optical changes of Si (100) induced by single or multiple low energy silver ion irradiation with fluences up to 1016 ions/cm2. The irradiated samples were analyzed by the means of Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements. The results revealed that after 60, 75 and multiple (75 + 60) keV ion implantation Ag atoms are preferentially situated in the near-surface region of the Si with the maximum distribution at 20, 26 and 42 nm, respectively. Spherical-like particles with diameters below 5 nm are homogenously distributed along the ion track of implanted ions. In the case of single ions implantations the Ag nanoparticles are distributed in the shallower regions of silicon, while subsequent implantation of silver with multiple ion energies results in a distribution in a wider region and again a shift of the Ag nanoparticles to larger depths of silicon substrate. As the ion fluence increases a monotonic decrease in the absorption in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum was observed, due to amorphization of the silicon. On the other hand, for the fluences in the range of 1014–1015 ions/cm2 in the long-wave regions wide absorption band appears at wavelengths between 700 nm and 1000 nm, which is due to plasmon resonance of Ag nanoparticles synthesized during implantation. The position of the resonance peak reflects not only the change in the ion fluence, but also the difference in the incident Ag ion energy. After implantation to the higher ion fluences of 1016 ions/cm2 this absorption band was shifted over 1000 nm, which is much above the known values for plasmon resonances of Ag nanoparticles.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), monoclonal antibodies enhancing T cell responses against tumour cells, have revolutionised the treatment of cancers such as advanced melanoma, leading to enhanced survival. Their action, however, is not tumour-specific, and patients can develop multisystem immune related adverse events (irAE). Neurological irAEs have been reported in 1–14% of patients, depending upon the ICI used, and can affect any part of the neuro-axis. A recent case series from the Royal Marsden Hospital (RMH) identified 10 patients with neurotoxicity following ICI for advanced melanoma between 2010–15, specifically neuropathy (6), plexopathy (1) and aseptic meningitis (3). Exactly how neurological injury occurs, whether cell-, cytokine- or antibody-mediated, is unknown. We present early data from a newly established collaboration with RMH, aiming to clinically characterize these patients, and identify the cause of neurological injury. To date, we have advised on patients (age range 53–80) with myositis, Guillain-Barré (GBS)-like neuropathy, plexopathy, aseptic meningitis, and encephalitis following ICI (ipilimumab and/or nivolumab) for advanced melanoma. Features common to these patients include their subacute onset, time from ICI administration, and steroid responsiveness (including in GBS-like cases). The incidence of neurological irAEs following ICI will rise with increasing use, and is therefore of concern to practicing neurologists.