Mobile robots are increasingly becoming the subject of research and a very important area of science, so that the 21st century will be named as the century of development of service robots. Mobile robots are an excellent “System Engineering” research example because it includes a lot of scientific research, namely in the area of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, electronics, computer science, social science, and more. As mobile robots perform their tasks in the same environment as humans, mobile robots should have the abilities that people have. The mobile robots should be able to recognize faces, gestures, signs, objects, speech and atmosphere. Successful realization set of tasks results in bypassing obstacles without collision and destruction in the shortest possible time and distance. They should communicate with people on the basis of emotion. The range of mobile robots application is huge. Mobile robots have found application in many areas, but this chapter will cover the following distribution of mobile robots areas of application: medicine, agriculture, defense, logistics, construction, demolition, professional cleaning, space exploration, education and scientific research. The price of robots is declining steadily and they are coming into ever wider use. It is only a matter of time before robots become available to the population of today's high school students, just as it happened with computers and cell phones.

All companies in the world are facing global competition. In order to keep up with the competition and meet the increasing demands of the market, it is essential that they use new technologies in the production processes (i.e., to implement Industry 4.0). The chapter presents smart sensors that automatically detect errors during the production process. Smart sensors communicate via IO-Link in stable communication, whereas the technology itself offers numerous practical benefits in everyday industrial work. Sensors are excellent data collectors and highly intelligent analysts that share their knowledge with their environment through an integrated real-time IO-Link interface. With the implementation of smart sensors in production systems, they become flexible production systems, contribute to the rapid start-up of the process, are automatically adjusted, enable digital data transmission, and can verify the device and the records.

276 Erciyes Med J 2020; 42(3): 276–80 • DOI: 10.14744/etd.2020.86429 ORIGINAL ARTICLE – OPEN ACCESS This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Edin Begic , Slobodan Obradovic , Slobodan Jankovic , Radoslav Romanovic , Nemanja Djenic , Boris Dzudovic , Zoran Jovic , Dragana Malovic , Vesna Subota , Milena Stavric , Farid Ljuca , Zumreta Kusljugic Increased High Sensitive C-reactive Protein is Associated with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events after STEMI Objective: This study aims to investigate whether the high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is associated with an ejection fraction of left ventricle (EFLV) in the early phase of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), treated with the primary percutaneous intervention (pPCI), and to establish whether there exists a relationship between its values and the presence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within six months of pPCI. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 357 patients who were diagnosed with STEMI and who underwent pPCI within 24 hours of pain onset were included. The following were monitored and recorded: 1) hsCRP values, which were measured between 24 and 48 hours of pPCI, 2) EFLV values, which were measured five days after the pPCI, and 3) MACE, which was established within six months of pPCI. Results: The EFLV values measured five days after the pPCI were significantly lower with increasing hsCRP values (rho=0.384, p<0.0001). There was a significant difference in hsCRP values between patients who had MACE and those without it (38.35 [98.10] vs. 12.97 [23.80], p=0.0001). In addition, hsCRP values were significantly increased in patients who died during the first six months after the pPCI compared with patients who survived (115.00 [202.80] vs. 15.84 [31.5], p=0.001). Conclusion: The hsCRP values in patients with STEMI who were treated with the pPCI are related to systolic function in the early phase of STEMI, as well as MACE during the first six months of follow-up.

On September 9-12, 2019, I traveled to Beijing, China for the World Congress of Neurosurgery. I was eager to attend the biggest event of my profession for two reasons. One was my nomination for second vice-president of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS). The second reason was to learn about Chinese culture for the first time in my life. I was honored to be elected for an officer position of the WFNS and I tremendously enjoyed the grandiosity of the Great Wall of China (Figure 1), the Forbidden City, and Summer Palace; I also enjoyed trying authentic Chinese food.

OBJECTIVE To describe the technical nuances of multimodal transseptal-transsphenoid surgery for pituitary tumors using a combination of microneurosurgery, neuroendoscopy, and electromagnetic neuronavigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A transnasal approach to the sella is performed endoscopically and widely exposed by an otolaryngologic surgeon. Surgery is next performed by the neurosurgeon with microscope and neuronavigation for microsurgical resection of pituitary tumors. Neuroendoscope is also used at the end of surgery to confirm tumor resection and inspect operative site. During surgery, the patient's head, angle and height of the microscope, and position of the table are repositionable to allow for multiple angle views. Abdominal fat harvested prior to the procedure is used to ensure cerebrospinal fluid seal. RESULTS The senior author (KIA) has used the combined approach with 84 consecutive patients. Radical resection was achieved in 66 patients, subtotal in 11, and partial in 7. There were no perioperative complications. Six patients experienced postoperative transient diabetes insipidus. The pituitary gland and stalk were preserved in all cases. Visual symptoms were improved in 78% and endocrinological symptoms in 56% of cases. CONCLUSION This combined approach is safe and effective. It increases the efficacy and radicality of surgical resection, helps to preserve the pituitary gland, and improves and resolves preoperatively altered patient hormonal function and impaired vision. It also reduces complications, provides less postoperative pain and discomfort, reduces the surgery time, and enables a shorter hospital-stay.

No abstract available.

Introduction. Asthma and obesity are the most common chronic health disorders in children. Although heredity plays a significant role in their development, environmental factors and early exposure have contributed to the increasing incidence of both disorders in recent decades. The aim of the study was to estimate asthma prevalence in schoolchildren in Indjija, Srem District, Serbia, and to investigate differences in nutritional status of children with asthma as well as differences between their nutritional status and prescribed asthma medications. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Primary Health Center in Indjija. Of all the medical records of children aged 6 - 14 years, a cohort of children with asthma was formed. The retrospective study evaluated their nutritional status and the prescribed asthma medications. Results. The prevalence of asthma in children aged 6 - 14 was 6.9%. Children with asthma were significantly more overweight and obese (40.5%) than children without asthma. Boys accounted for 63.7% of children with asthma, with a statistically significant gender difference. Abnormal nutritional status was found in 44.3% of children with asthma and boys with asthma were significantly more obese (23%) compared to girls (7.8%). Overweight and obese children with asthma were not prescribed significantly more medications to relieve asthma symptoms than normal-weight children. Conclusion. The prevalence of asthma among schoolchildren in Indjija was 6.9%. Children with asthma were more likely to be overweight and obese than children without asthma, whereas boys with asthma were significantly more obese than girls. No significant differences were found between their nutritional status and prescribed asthma medications.

As a consequence of the measures taken to remedy the medical problem, there may be a bigger one economically, all over the world. The paper analyzes the consequences of the current economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 virus pandemic. The key economic consequences of the pandemic for companies but also for the economy have been identified. Entrepreneurs, small and medium enterprises, with the smallest liquidity stocks, are expected to feel the greatest consequences of the economic crisis. Taught by the failures of the Great Depression and the relative successes of the crisis in 2008, governments have already announced and launched massive programs to help businesses. At this moment, the supply of liquidity of deficient economic entities is a critical issue. The previous crisis showed that governments have tried and tested mechanisms for supplying liquidity to the financial sector, but transmission mechanisms to end-users were the Achilles' heel of the mechanism. We believe that success in finding adequate channels for the transfer of liquidity to economic entities with a liquidity deficit will be crucial for the character, length, and depth of the crisis. The paper offers a number of proposals for key necessary measures at the state level to overcome the observed economic disruptions. One of them is the request of the regulator, the other is the reaction of the state, but an important part must also come from the company. In addition, the research conducted by the questionnaire method for joint-stock companies from the Western Balkans resulted in a set of measures that serve as a basis for determining the gap in the required and current set of measures taken at the level of an individual organization.The aim of this paper is to point out that in the short term it is possible to stabilize the system through the application of macroeconomic and microeconomic measures.

Background. The most common cause of early death in acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation are malignant heart rhythm disorders, generally occurring in the first four hours of myocardial infarction. The incidence of ventricular fibrillation is greatest in the early stage of the myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac deaths occur most often in outpatient conditions. Case reports. This paper presents a patient whose first manifestation of coronary artery disease was myocardial infarction with ST elevation complicated by early ventricular fibrillation. Rapid measures of cardiopulmonal resuscitation enabled quick establishment of normal sinus rhythm. Primary percutaneous intervention was performed, with revascularization of artery responsible for acute myocardial infarction. In order to reduce ischemic brain damage, therapeutic hypothermia was applied since the patient was presented in post-reanimation coma. Conclusion. Better treatment of patients with cardiac arrest in outpatient conditions and faster revascularization of the infarct artery are crucial for a reduction of mortality in acute myocardial infarction.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the Fund for Social Security of Military Insurers and the Republic Health Insurance Fund through the aspect of more efficient use of health insurance funds. Analyzing this relationship, the system of health care in the Republic of Serbia and the health insurance system are essentially considered. Taking into account the specifics of the social protection of military insurers, efforts are being made to find out the direction and improvement of relations with the civilian health care system. Only the proactive relationship between the military and the civilian health system and the health insurance system is a condition of better health care for the insured of both funds, as well as more efficient use of health insurance funds. Health protection of the population is one of the most important social priorities and as such it must be given special attention. The right of the individual to health care, but also to other forms of protection, is realized within the framework of social insurance. Health care, and therefore the health insurance system of military insureds, developed in accordance with the specifics related to the military system itself. Fully respecting the autonomy of the said system, the development of insurance in this area evolved along with changes in the prevailing civilian health insurance system. The system of health care and health insurance is one of the most important systems in each country. The efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the functioning of this system is a challenge for every national economy. The goal that needs to be achieved is to achieve the best health care of the nation by means of available health insurance. The system of compulsory health insurance in the Republic of Serbia is implemented through a unique state organization - the Republic Health Insurance Fund. When it comes to health insurance and the protection of civil and military insurers, it is clear that these are two completely separate and independent systems that have a lot of common points and whose mutual cooperation and shared use of resources should lead to positive effects as a whole. The financial aspect, which is especially reflected through the health insurance system, is one of the most important factors because it directly affects the scope and quality of the entire health care system. Considering and analyzing the complexity of the mutual relations between the civilian and military health and social security systems, and consequently the health care system, some of the possible proposals have emerged for improvement of one of the most important aspects of every society - the health of the nation.