: Medicinal nail lacquers are the most effective topical treatment of nail diseases. These formulations generally are organic solutions of the active substance as well as film-forming polymer and plasticizer, which affects the characteristics of the film formed after application and solvent evaporation. The aim of this work was to test the effects of plasticizer present in nail lacquer formulations on permeation kinetics of fluconazole through the bovine hoof membrane in a novel in vitro test. The formulations contained Eudragit RS100 dis- solved in acetone, and dibutyl-phthalate, PEG 400 or propylene glycol as plasticizers present in two different concentrations. Permeation studies were carried out during the 7-day period, and the obtained permeability pro- files analyzed using similarity and difference factors, and by model-dependent permeation kinetics. When analyzed within the same strength, the highest extent of fluconazole permeation was obtained from the formula- tion with a lower concentration of propylene glycol at 0.9% fluconazole concentration, while for formulations with 1.8% and 2.7% of fluconazole, the highest permeation was achieved from the formulation with the high- er content of PEG400. The permeation profiles showed a greater difference within one formulation of different fluconazole content than with the same plasticizer present in different concentrations, when using dibutyl- phthalate and PEG400. The permeation profiles were similar when using propylene glycol. When comparing formulations with the same concentrations of plasticizers, there were differences in formulations with the high- er fluconazole concentrations. Permeation kinetics depended on fluconazole concentration as well as the path length the active substance had to pass to reach the receptor solution.

Brucellosis is an emergent and endemic zoonotic disease in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In this report we have diagnosed the first case of human brucellosis in Bosnia and Herzegovina, using molecular and microbiological tests, caused by live attenuated Brucella melitensis Rev.1 strain. The infection was caused through unintentional exposure to vaccination of small ruminants in Bosnia and Herzegovina and without any prior accidental self-injection of vaccine suspension.

REST HTTP is the communication protocol of choice for software developers today. In IoT systems with unreliable connectivity, however, a stateless protocol like REST HTTP needs to send a request message multiple times, and it only stops the retransmissions when an acknowledgement arrives at the sender. In our previous work, we studied the usage of random linear network coding (RLNC) for REST HTTP protocol to reducing the amount of unnecessarily retransmissions. In this paper, we experimentally validate the study and analyze REST HTTP with and without RLNC in a simple testbed in dynamic IoT systems. The measurements show notable improvements in bandwidth utilization in terms of reducing the retransmissions and delay when using network-coded REST HTTP.

Istraživana je morfološka varijabilnost lista 25 populacija klena (Acer campestre L.) na području Bosne i Hercegovine. Morfometrijsko istraživanje unutarpopulacijske i međupopulacijske varijabilnosti provedeno je na temelju 19 morfoloških svojstava lista, pri čemu su korištene deskriptivne i univarijatne statističke analize. Najveću varijabilnost pokazalo je svojstvo dužina peteljke lista, dok je najmanja varijabilnost utvrđena kod izvedenog svojstva odnos maksimalne dužine plojke lista i maksimalne širine plojke lista. Izvedena svojstva lista bila su manje varijabilna od mjernih, što upućuje na manje variranje svojstava oblika u odnosu na svojstva dimenzija lista. Analiza varijance pokazala je statistički značajne razlike između populacija za sva analizirana svojstva lista. Multipla testiranja pokazala su veću međupopulacijsku nego unutarpopulacijsku varijabilnost za sva istraživana svojstva osim dva svojstva geometrijske skale podataka (kutovi žila). Za razliku od mjerenih svojstava lista, sva izvedena svojstva pokazala su veću unutarpopulacijsku nego međupopulacijsku varijabilnost. Najdivergentnija populacija, s jedne strane, bila je populacija Trebinje, s najvećim brojem minimalnih vrijednosti svojstava lista, dok je s druge strane najdivergentnija populacija Banja Luka, s najvećim brojem maksimalnih vrijednosti svojstava lista. Dobiveni rezultati mogu služiti kao temelj za dalja istraživanja u drugim dijelovima areala vrste, u svrhu determiniranja utjecaja interakcije ekoloških, geografskih, klimatskih i migracijskih čimbenika na morfološku varijabilnost populacija klena.

Contemporary dynamic market conditions are characterized by high levels of competition. Businesses are forced to make continuous changes in order to maintain a high level of customer’s satisfaction. Contact centers are part of the global economy and a key channel for communication with customers. Access to the contact centers is realized through several channels (telephone, e-mail, fax, web forms, etc.), but the primary method is still a phone call. Most call centers use Interactive Voice Response (IVR) to route users with a particular problem for directing the user to an agent with appropriate capabilities (Skill-based routing – SBR). This type of contact center operation can have a negative impact on the quality considering customer’s experience, due to the complexity and length of the process, which often results in directing calls to the inadequate agent and describing the problem multiple times to reach the right agent. This paper aims at applying machine learning methods based on prior experience with matching customers and agents in order to reduce time and target agents with adequate problem-solving abilities.

A major research area in non-human social cognition is the investigation of cooperative problem solving, i.e. the cognition involved in situations when animals cooperate with each other. Social cognition is thought to have evolved due to the demands of social living, and is often thought to present an adaptive specialisation for living in groups. A previous analysis of social learning, another area of social cognition, has highlighted how this has consequently led to two overarching biases in the literature: firstly, a bias towards testing only social species, and secondly, an a priori assumption that social learning is qualitatively different from learning involved in non-social situations. The problem of these biases may not restricted to social learning but be present also in other areas of social cognition research. Applying an equivalent analysis to cooperative problem solving shows that here too both biases are present. Firstly, empirical studies on cooperative problem solving primarily conducted with social species and species that exhibit cooperative behaviours in the wild. Secondly, the assumption that cooperative problem solving relies on a distinctly socialcognitive ability can, at least implicitly, be observed throughout the literature. Thismay be the result of confounding different components of the cognitive process involved in cooperation: what information is required to successfully cooperate and how this information is acquired. While the former needs to involve information about another individual, there is no indication that the latter is required to differ from any known, domain-general cognitive mechanism. These two biases make it difficult to systematically test whether and how cooperation differs between species, and as such impede investigations into the evolution of cooperative problem solving.

Polycrystalline advanced ceramics are synthetic products produced by sintering together selected ceramics grains in a metal matrix serving as a binder. In order to be able to propose their optimisation, achieving high performance cutting and leading to reduced operating costs and improved working environment, relevant fracture mechanisms involved in their failure need to be determined. In this work, experimental results of plane strain fracture toughness obtained earlier on single-edge-V-notched-beam specimens were supported with microscopy analysis. These findings establish a clear connection between the fracture toughness results and the fracture mechanisms visible on and beneath the fracture surfaces, revealing adiabatic conditions that occur at the crack tip during fracture.

The new challenging trends such as globalisation, liberalisation and privatisation of the postal sector, the emergence of the internet commerce, as well as the demands for high quality commercial postal services operators, create a new ambience for the ways business is conducted by commercial postal services operators which demands innovative approaches. The growing pressure regarding the costs of commercial postal services operators and the increase in volume for pick-up and delivery leads to changes from fixed into variable costs by means of different outsourcing models. This paper proposes a model of calculating the outsourcing services of the technological phases regarding parcel delivery and pick-up, while it is not focusing on the details of the partnership contract. For cost calculation, the model utilizes calculation factors based on the kilometres covered for different categories of vehicles that may take part in the parcel pick-up and delivery phases.

Wide GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) availability has its advantages, however, in that case the system is exposed to a large number of external influences, from interference with other signals to deliberate blocking and jamming. There is also a huge increase in GNSS user number for both professional and private purposes. The technology of protection and regulation is partly behind the technological development and leaves room for undesired impacts from both natural and artificial causes. Through this paper GNSS errors are described using an android mobile application, "GNSS Analysis Tool", that allows observation of the GNSS signal characteristics.