1Primary Healthcare Center Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, The Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina 3University of Zenica, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Bosnia and Herzegovina 4University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Banja Luka, The Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of microvascular complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in relation to glycated hemoglobin. Material and Methods. This cross-sectional study analyzed the prevalence of microvascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus registered at the Primary Health Center Banja Luka. Demographic data, duration of diabetes, blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, dyslipidemia, type of therapy, presence of retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy were analyzed. Data collection was done from December 2017 to November 2018. Results. The study included 228 patients, 132 (57.9%) men and 96 (42.1%) women. The most common microvascular complication was diabetic neuropathy (24.2%). The mean glycated hemoglobin level in patients with diabetic complications was 7.75 ? 1.66%. Although all participants with complications had unregulated diabetes mellitus (glycated hemoglobin > 7%), a statistically significant difference was found in regard to microalbuminuria (> 30 mg/24 h) and/or proteinuria (> 0.15 g/24 h) and/or decreased creatinine clearance (< 1.5 ml/sec) and their mean glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.025), while for other complications (neuropathy and retinopathy) the same was not confirmed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that microalbuminuria and/or proteinuria and/or decreased creatinine clearance (odds ratio = 2.174; 95% confidence interval: 1.040 - 4.543; p = 0.039) as well as elevated diastolic blood pressure (odds ratio = 1.09; 95% confidence interval: 1.024 - 1.162; p = 0.007) were factors associated with glycated hemoglobin > 7%. Conclusion. The most common microvascular complication in patients with both types of diabetes mellitus is diabetic neuropathy with a prevalence of 24.2%. The presence of microalbuminuria and/or proteinuria and/ or decreased creatinine clearance were associated with glycated hemoglobin > 7% and elevated diastolic blood pressure.

Introduction. Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), which may be present at the time of disease detection. Screening for DPN is performed for the patients with type 2 diabetes at the time of diagnosis and for type 1 diabetes 5 years after diagnosis. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of DNP among family medicine patients with diabetes mellitus aged 18 to 70 years using nylon monofilament. Methods. The cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence of DPN among primary care patients with DM in Banja Luka. Seemes-Weinstein nylon 10g monofilament was used to detect DPN. Age, sex, duration of diabetes, type of therapy, symptoms, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and risk factors (hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, obesity, physical inactivity) were analyzed. Data collection took place from 01/06/2017 to 31/05/2018. Results. The study included 228 patients, 132 (57.9%) men and 96 (42.1%) women. There was a statistically significant difference in the duration of diabetes and the presence of all symptoms of DPN (tingling, burning, light burning and stinging) with respect to the presence of polyneuropathy (p <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that patients who had hypertension (OR=26.2; 95% CI: 4.070-168.488; p=0.001), used oral antidiabetic therapy (OR=12.3; 95% CI: 1.300 -116.309; p=0.029 ) had tingling (OR=5.2; 95% CI: 1.431- 18.571 p=0.012;)and a longer duration (OR=4.27; 95% CI: 1.983-9.175; p=0.000) of diabetes were more likely to have DPN. Conclusion. The prevalence of DPN in patients with diabetes is 24.2%. Determinants of DNP are the presence of symptoms of tingling, duration of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and the use of oral antidiabetic therapy alone.

Introduction. Deja vu (franc. Déjà vu) is a phenomenon experienced by two thirds of all people. However, this phenomenon can follow aura during the temporal lobe epilepsy. It is believed that it originates from hippocampus, which plays a major role in generating epileptic discharges. Some authors emphasize that in these patients déjà vu phenomenon is not an aura but rather it sometimes refers to the attack itself. Method. In this case report, an eightyear-old girl suffering from repeated crisis of consciousness is described. Case report. The aim of the study was to present the case of an eightyearold girl who underwent three crisis of consciousness, headache behind the forehead as well as the repeated déjà vu phenomenon. The girl was hospitalized, after which medical history was taken and physical examination, as well as other diagnostic tests, were performed. EEG recording revealed an increased electrocortical epileptic activity above the right frontotemporal region. An antiepileptic therapy (Karbapin) leading to attack control was introduced. Conclusion. It is necessary to give temporal lobe epilepsy in children with déjà vu phenomenon serious consideration.

The working class was, at least formally, a formative basis of the former Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). The transformation of the system from the Communist to the capitalistic one led to its alienation, poverty, and social exclusion. This transformation, as part of the neoliberal globalisation, occurred through the introduction of the so-called 'shock therapy' measures: liberalisation, privatisation, and stabilisation. Large industrial complexes and leading stateowned companies in the SFRY were the subject of, often dubious, privatisation processes. Through such processes, workers, who were once owners and motors of companies they worked at, are now stripped of the ownership and the opportunity to work at the same companies. The majority of research on postCommunist economic transformation focuses on changes to the system, on economic aspects of privatisation processes, and on introduction of market economy. Yet, there are few research focusing on the privatisation and transformation from a workers' perspective. This paper attempts to fill in this gap by providing a different angle to the current studies of transformation of the SFRY and its successor states. Through interviews with former workers of privatised and/or closed factories and industrial complexes (using the local company of 'Rudi Čajavec' as an example), the research presented in this paper analyses workers' attitudes and sentiments towards the labour in the Communist Yugoslavia and the labour today, as well as towards the privatisation processes accompanying the latter.The research gives a voice to the workers, and, by looking at the past, gives a worker-centred approach to imagining labour in the future.

Social transformation and transition from socialist to liberal market economy in Bosnia and Herzegovina and other countries of former Yugoslavia, followed by war atrocities, initiated a series of economic and social challenges: deindustrialization, high unemployment, dubious privatizations, impoverishment, ethnic rivalries and structural changes. In this paper, we observe the mentioned social processes focusing on identity politics resulting in transformation of class identity into workers' national identity. The main presumption is that certain critical social moments serve as a trigger for "shift" in primacy of class compared to national identity and vice versa. To address this, we are using cases of workers' resistance/strikes/ protests during the social transformation from socialist into market economy, and after the completed privatization and reign of ethno-national policies in former Yugoslavia countries.

Received 2018-11-12 Received in revised form 2019-05-22 Accepted 2019-05-29 INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in women (1). It makes up about 26.5% of all newly discovered malignancies in the European female population and is responsible for 17.5% of the deaths. In males, this type of cancer is rare (one man per 100 women) (2). The frequency of the disease differs in various parts of the world. It is rarely seen before the age of 30, it rises with age and reaches its maximum around the age of 50 (3). The incidence of breast cancer in the world increases by 1-2% per year, and it is estimated that in the first decade of the third millennium, almost one million of women will suffer from breast cancer (4). However, in spite of the increasing possibilities of treatment, survival depends primarily on the extent and stage of the disease at the time of detection. In the early stage of the disease in which the largest number of patients is detected, healing is quite possible. Still, 24-30% of patients with lymph node negative and 50-60% with lymph node positive breast cancer will develop relapse. At the moment of diagnosis metastatic disease is present in 6-10% of patients (5). Treatment of breast cancer is multidisciplinary. Combination of surgical treatment, radiation and systemic therapeutic treatment ensure good results in patient survival. The type and order of particular treatments must be planned multidisciplinary by surgeons-oncologists, radiotherapists and internists-oncologists (6). Clinical features of tumor such as size, the existence of tumor cells in the armpit lymph nodes, and distant metastases are considered essential in determining prognosis and choices of treatment. Prognostic factors, derived from breast tissue after biopsy or surgery, have significance in measuring tumor aggressiveness and general disease prognosis. The standard prognostic parameters are patient (menopausal status, age) and tumor related (tumor size, histological type, axillary lymphatic status, tumor gradient, ER, PR and HER2 status). Some of them (ER, PR and HER2 status) have a predictive value because the best therapeutic modality is chosen based on these. According to St. Gallen Consensus and ESMO recommendations from year 2013 breast cancers fall into different types according to histopathological findings and results of predictive and prognostic tests. Based on this, specific therapeutic approach is recommended. When luminal A type patient receive only endocrine therapy, and chemotherapy is considered only in cases of high risk tumor (with four or more positive lymph nodes, tumor size T3 or tumor grade 3). When luminal B-like type (HER2 negative) patient is treated using chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. When luminal B-like (HER2 positive) patient is treated using chemotherapy, anti-HER2 and endocrine therapy. In case of non-luminal (HER2 positive) breast cancer type chemoand anti-HER2 therapy is recommended. In patients with basal-like (triple-negative) cancer application of chemotherapy is indicated (7).