Jedno je od glavnih istraživačkih područja u socijalnoj kogniciji životinja kooperativno rješavanje problema, tj. kognicija kod međusobne suradnje životinja. Smatra se da je socijalna kognicija evoluirala zbog zahtjeva koje donosi život u grupama i često se drži adaptacijom za takav život. Analiza socijalnoga učenja, drugoga istraživačkog područja unutar socijalne kognicije, pokazala je da je ta pretpostavka u literaturi prouzročila dva problema. Prvo, postoji pristranost prema testiranju socijalnih vrsta, i drugo, postoji a priori pretpostavka da je socijalno učenje kvalitativno drugačije od individualnoga. Ta dva problema nisu nužno ograničena na socijalno učenje, nego mogu biti prisutna i u drugim poljima unutar istraživanja socijalne kognicije. Primjena slične analize na kooperativno rješavanje problema ukazuje da i u tome području postoje oba problema. Prvo, empirijska se istraživanja provode ponajprije na vrstama koje su socijalne i na onima koje pokazuju kooperativna ponašanja u divljini. Drugo, pretpostavka da se kooperativno rješavanje problema temelji na specifično socijalnim kognitivnim sposobnostima implicirana je u velikome dijelu literature. Moguće je da je to rezultat miješanja različitih komponenti unutar kognitivnoga procesa: koja je informacija potrebna za uspješnu kooperaciju i kako se ta informacija stječe. Dok prva komponenta mora uključivati informaciju o drugome pojedincu, ne postoji indikacija da se druga komponenta mora razlikovati od već poznatih, općenamjenskih mehanizama. Ta dva problema sprečavaju sistematsko ispitivanje razlika između vrsta i ometaju istraživanje evolucije kooperativnoga rješavanja problema.

Purpose: Change of direction speed (CODS) and reactive agility (RAG) are important qualities in futsal, but studies rarely examined the predictors of these conditioning capacities in players of advanced level. This study aimed to evaluate predictive validity of certain anthropometric and conditioning capacities in evaluation of futsal specific CODS and RAG in top-level players. Methods: The sample comprised 54 male players from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, members of teams competing at the highest national rank, including national champions for the 2017–2018 competitive season in both countries. The variables comprised set of predictors (body mass, body height, triceps skinfold, reactive strength index [RSI], sprint 10 m [S10M], and broad jump [BJ]; and four criteria: futsal specific CODS and RAG, performed with and without dribbling (CODS_D, CODS_WD, RAG_D, RAG_WD). To identify the association between variables Pearson’s correlation and multiple regressions were calculated. Results: Observed predictors explained statistically significant (p < 0.05) percentage of variance for all four criteria (Rsq: 0.28, 0.30, 0.23 and 0.25, for CODS_WD, CODS_D, RAG_WD, RAG_D, respectively). Body mass was significant predictor for all criteria (Beta: 0.35–0.51), with poorer performances in heavier players. In both performances which involved dribbling, significant predictors was RSI (Beta: −0.27 and −0.31 for CODS_D and RAG_D, respectively), with superior performances in players with better RSI. The S10M and BJ were not identified as being significantly correlated to studied RAG and CODS performances. Conclusion: Study confirmed specific influence of studied predictors of futsal specific CODS and RAG with consistent negative influence of body mass on studied performances. Almost certainly this can be explained by specifics of RAG and CODS execution. Specifically, tests are performed over relatively small distances, with several changes of direction, which clearly mimic the futsal specific performances. Although sprint performance is often observed as important determinant of CODS and RAG, herein we did not confirm its predictive validity in explanation of futsal specific CODS and RAG. Future studies should evaluate other potentially important predictors of these capacities in futsal.

Introduction. Success in endodontic treatment depends upon the clinician's knowledge and ability to recognize and diagnose the presence of anatomical and morphological variations of the root and canal system. Mandibular canines are usually recognized as having one root and one root canal. In spite of the low incidence of mandibular canines with one root and two canals, their appearance should not be neglected due to the fact that the presence of a second canal in these teeth leads to difficulties in endodontic treatment. The aim of this case report is to describe mandibular canine with two root canals. Case presentation. 45-year-old patient presented for medical care due to the pain in a lower right canine. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed composite filling and caries with periapical radiolucent area and sensitivity to percussion in the mandibular right canine. By careful evaluation of the diagnostic radiology, it was observed that the mandibular canine had two canals. The patient was diagnosed with acute apical periodontitis and root canal therapy was given following the standard protocols. Conclusion. Although the prevalence of two canals in mandibular canine is low, the clinician should always be mindful of variations in the number of canals for appropriate therapeutic management.

Introduction. The success of endodontic treatment depends on the adequate biomechanical preparation and obturation of the entire root canal system. The untreated or poorly debrided/obturated root canals are among the most frequent causes of endodontic treatment failure. The endodontic treatment of maxillary molar has the highest failure rates due to the complexity of their root canal anatomy. The aim of the study is to present the endodontic treatment of maxillary second molar with two roots and two canals. Case report. The clinical case report presents the endodontic treatment of maxillary second molar with two roots and two canals in a patient, aged 32 years. After the analysis of preoperative diagnostic radiograph, opening the pulp chamber and access cavity preparation, two canal orifices were localized. After the biomechanical preparation, root canals were obturated with the Gutta-percha points and sealer during the same visit. Conclusion. Although maxillary second molar most commonly varies in terms of the number of root canals in the buccal roots, less common variations in anatomical and morphological traits, such as the presence of two roots and two canals, should be considered during endodontic treatment.

In this paper, the impact of the network architecture on signal quality in the fourth generation of the public mobile network is analyzed. The analysis was performed using RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power), RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality), SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) and throughput parameters in indoor environment. The signal quality parameters were collected by measurement using TEMS Investigation and TEMS Pocket software. The measurements were carried out at the School of Electrical Engineering on the ground floor of the Technical Faculty building for the macro and micro cell scenario. It has been found that better signal quality is ensured in micro cells. Quality of the signal is also considered by the various services provided to the users.

: Three different approaches for improvement of objective video quality evaluation are presented in this paper. Improvement is obtained through quality guided temporal pooling, information content weighted temporal pooling, and multiscale analysis. The analysis was performed using five objective video quality assessment measures on two publicly available datasets with subjective quality scores. Only the videos with H.264, H.265, and MPEG-2 types of compression from two datasets were considered. The level of agreement between the subjective and objective quality scores are given through the Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients on complete datasets and subsets of video sequences with the same type of compression. Obtained results show that the performance of objective measures is dependent on the choice of the dataset. The greatest improvement is given by multiscale analysis.

Teaching sustainability and resilience on the level of both materials and structure is today's imperative for a more environmentally friendly tomorrow, but also for the enrichment of human life and preservation of historical structures. Re-examining sustainability in its reverence for pre-existing structures, conceiving projects by first taking inventory of what already exists, has become the starting point of defining research cases for students in the past few years at the Džemal Bijedić University of Mostar's Civil Engineering Faculty. The paper presents the approach developed and work done in the past several years, mainly within two subjects at the Civil Engineering Faculty. The developed methodological approach was based on the combination of the knowledge creation and case-based learning method. Case studies are always based on heritage buildings. The aim of the approach is to teach how to find an opportunity of doing more with existing structures, and argues their future use and possibilities for improvement, upgrade and re-use. Demolishment is a decision of easiness and has a major impact on the history and identity of the city and its community. Therefore, it is our task to search for various conservation approaches in order to preserve the city's layers and provide progress.

Rad se bavi počecima znanstvenog promišljanja hrvatske književnosti u Bosni i Hercegovini te predstavlja biografska i biobibliografska istraživanja sedmorice autora, počevši od Filipa Lastrića u 18. do Tugomira Alaupovića u prvoj polovici 20. stoljeća. Promatramo kako su ovi autori razumijevali književnost i njezinu povijesnu dimenziju, osobito kako su pristupili osnovnim problemima povijesti književnosti kao što su definiranje korpusa, izbor pisaca, periodizacija, književnopovijesna interpretacija i vrednovanje te koja su rješenja ponudili. Analizira se i postupno napuštanje okvira biobibliografije te primjena složenijih književnopovijesnih pristupa.

The influence of German language onto Croatian language has been going on for centuries. It was most intensive during the 19th century. Therefore we can find German loanwords all over Croatia. The focus of the research is put onto the presence of German loanwords in the carnival newspapers of Sinj in the time span from 1929 till 2015. The German loanword is presented in context in a corpus, contrastively analysed on the semantic level in the process of secondary adaptation, ie. the extention of meaning in a number and in a field.