Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is one of the most critical technologies for non-cooperative communication systems. Recently, deep learning (DL) based AMC (DL-AMC) methods have attracted significant attention due to their preferable performance. However, the study of most of DL-AMC methods are concentrated in the single-input and single-output (SISO) systems, while there are only a few works on DL-based AMC methods in multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Therefore, we propose in this work a convolutional neural network (CNN) based zero-forcing (ZF) equalization AMC (CNN/ZF-AMC) method for MIMO systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the CNN/ZF-AMC method achieves better performance than the artificial neural network (ANN) with high order cumulants (HOC)-based AMC method under the condition of the perfect channel state information (CSI). Moreover, we also explore the impact of the imperfect CSI on the performance of the CNN/ZF-AMC method. Simulation results demonstrated that the classification performance is not only influenced by the imperfect CSI, but also associated with the number of the transmit and receive antennas.

Background: Kidney is the most common site of genitourinary trauma. 50% of all urinary injuries is kidney.Kidney is also affected in 8-12% of all blunt and penetrating trauma to abdomen. 80-90% of renal injury is caused by blunt injury GY. Children,  compared to adults, have  at a higher risk of renal injury from blunt trauma due to a variety of anatomic factors including decreased perirenal fat, weaker abdominal muscles, and a less ossified thoracic cage. While there are strong trends toward non-operative management of blunt renal trauma, there are no explicit guidelines for high grade injuries. Organ preservation in children is always a primary goal with solid organ injury. Aim of the work: The aim of the retrospective study is to show the specificity of kidney injury in children as well as the specificity of surgical treatment. Material and Methods: All 19 patients under the age of 18 who were admitted to Clinic for Pediatic surgery in Sarajevo with a diagnosis of renal trauma were retrospectively reviewed .The Echo an CT were used to identify patients with a renal injury. The time period examined was between January 1, 1999- 2019. Inclusion criteria were either a diagnosis of renal trauma or a diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma and hematuria. Exclusion criterion was death due to an additional traumatic injury. The mechanism of injury (fall, car accident , assault) injury grade (I-V), the presence of hematuria, and demographic data to include age, weight, and sex, were recorded and reviewed.  In addition, amount of blood product required, hematocrit nadir prior to transfusion to assist in ascertaining whether transfusion was necessary, surgical interventions performed, and hospital length of stay were also retrospectively analyzed. Due to the low sample size we used descriptive as opposed to inferential statistics in our analysis. Result: Demographics include male to female ratio of 13:6 and the average age of patients was 11.9 + 4.6 years. Of the nineteen patients who underwent review, eleven (57,89%) children presented with a grade III renal injury, five  with a grade IV injury and three with  grade V injury. Six patients presented with gross hematuria and 3 with microscopic hematuria. Only four patients (22%) required blood transfusions, with the average hematocrit nadir being 31 + 5.3% (24.8-37.8). One of the two patients transfused had a concomitant grade IV splenic laceration with a hematocrit nadir of 24.8% and clinical symptoms consistent with shock. Conclusions:The specificity of the child's anatomy is an aggravating prognostic factor (the kidney is larger in relation to the body cavity than in adults, less protected against the ribs, the muscles of the body and the lower abdomen, the less developed peritoneal and retroperitoneal fatty tissue).It is recommended to initiate conservative treatment (leaching, infusion solution, monitoring) and possibly delayed surgical treatment.Indications for early surgicaly treatment are reserved only for patients with bleeding (absolute) and extravasation (relative).If it is necessary surgical treatment sould be  maximally preserve kidney tissue.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common amongst the elderly, but this group tends to be suboptimally treated. Limited data are available on the stroke prevention strategies in the elderly, especially in the Balkan region.

The human gut microbiota has now been associated with drug responses and efficacy, while chemical compounds present in these drugs can also impact the gut bacteria. However, drug–microbe interactions are still understudied in the clinical context, where polypharmacy and comorbidities co-occur. Here, we report relations between commonly used drugs and the gut microbiome. We performed metagenomics sequencing of faecal samples from a population cohort and two gastrointestinal disease cohorts. Differences between users and non-users were analysed per cohort, followed by a meta-analysis. While 19 of 41 drugs are found to be associated with microbial features, when controlling for the use of multiple medications, proton-pump inhibitors, metformin, antibiotics and laxatives show the strongest associations with the microbiome. We here provide evidence for extensive changes in taxonomy, metabolic potential and resistome in relation to commonly used drugs. This paves the way for future studies and has implications for current microbiome studies by demonstrating the need to correct for multiple drug use. Here, via a metagenomics analysis of population-based and disease cohorts, Vich Vila et al. study the impact of 41 commonly used medications on the taxonomic structures, metabolic potential and resistome of the gut microbiome, underscoring the importance of correcting for multiple drug use in microbiome studies.

Memristors have many uses in machine learning and neuromorphic hardware. From memory elements in dot product engines to replicating both synapse and neuron wall behaviors, the memristor has proved a versatile component. Here we demonstrate an analog mode of operation observed in our silicon oxide memristors and apply this to the problem of edge detection. We demonstrate how a potential divider exploiting this analog behavior can prove a scalable solution to edge detection. We confirm its behavior experimentally and simulate its performance on a standard testbench. We show good performance comparable to existing memristor based work with a benchmark score of 0.465 on the BSDS500 dataset, while simultaneously maintaining a lower component count.

INTRODUCTION The Atrial fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway provides a useful way of simplifying decision-making considerations in a holistic approach to atrial fibrillation management. OBJECTIVES To evaluate adherence to ABC pathway and to determine major gaps in adherence to ABC pathway in patients in BALKAN-AF survey. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this ancillary analysis, patients in BALKAN-AF survey were divided into groups: "A (Avoid stroke)+B (Better symptom control)+C (Cardiovascular and comorbidity risk management)"-adherent and non-adherent "A+B+C" management.  Results: Of 2,712 enrolled patients, 1,013 (43.8%) patients with mean (SD) age of 68.8 (10.2) years and mean CHA2DS2-VASc score of 3.4 (1.8) had "A+B+C"-adherent management and 1,299 (56.2%) had non-adherent-"A+B+C" management. Independent predictors of increased "A+B+C"-adherent management were: capital city [odds ratio (OR) 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.46, p = 0.02], treatment by cardiologist (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.08-1.66, p = 0.01), hypertension (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.74-2.77, p <0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05-1.57, p = 0.01) and multimorbidity (the presence of two or more long-term conditions) (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.43-2.38, p <0.001). Independent predictors of decreased "A+B+C"-adherent management were: age ≥80 years (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.48-0.76, p < 0.001) and history of bleeding (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.33-0.75, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Physicians' adherence to integrated AF management based on the ABC pathway was suboptimal in our study. Addressing the identified clinical  and system-related factors associated with non-adherent-"A+B+C" management using targeted approaches is needed to optimize treatment of AF patients in the Balkan region.

Introduction: Transverse colon volvulus is an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction. Predisposing factors are mental retardation, dysmotility disorders, chronic constipation, and congenital megacolon. Case report: We presented a transverse colon volvulus in a 14-year-old girl with mental retardation. Chronic constipation in neurologically impaired patients was a risk factor predisposing to volvulus. The girl was admitted to our Clinic because of problems that last 4-5 days and was followed by abdominal pain, vomiting and lack of stool. Vomiting was once a day. She was sub febrile up to 37.6°C. On examination, the abdomen was distended, tense, diffusely painful. During the surgery, a 360° clockwise volvulus of the transverse colon was found. After the reduction of volvulus, an enormous transverse colon was resected and protective ileostomy was formed. In the postoperative period, ileostoma functioned a good. The definitive surgical treatment was done on the 20th postoperative day when the occlusion of the ileostomy and transanal biopsy of the rectum was done, which showed the presence of ganglia cells. The patient was discharged from our institution after 1 month. Conclusion: Pediatric patients with neurological conditions and mental retardation present an increased risk of colon transversum volvulus due to chronic obstruction.

Animal studies have shown that intestinal barrier function is compromised with aging. We aimed to assess the effects of aging on intestinal barrier function in humans in vivo and ex vivo. In this cross-sectional study, healthy subjects and subjects with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) of older (65–75 years) and young adult age (18–40 years) were compared. In vivo gastrointestinal site-specific permeability was assessed by a multi-sugar test, taking into account potential confounders. Sigmoid biopsies were collected from subgroups of healthy young adults and elderly for ex vivo Ussing chamber experiments, gene transcription of barrier-related genes and staining of junctional proteins. No significant differences between healthy young adults and elderly were found for small intestinal, colonic and whole gut permeability (P ≥ 0.142). In IBS patients, gastroduodenal and colonic permeability did not differ significantly (P ≥ 0.400), but small intestinal and whole gut permeability were higher in elderly versus young adults (P ≤ 0.009), mainly driven by the IBS-diarrhea subtype. Ussing chamber experiments with or without stressor (P ≥ 0.052), and relative expression of intestinal barrier-related genes (P ≥ 0.264) showed no significant differences between healthy elderly and young adults, as confirmed by immunofluorescent stainings. Overall, the functional capacity of the intestinal barrier is maintained in elderly.

The aim of this research was to determine the differences in specific race performance characteristics of male swimmers in the 50-m and 100-m freestyle at the Serbia Open Championship 2017 (long-course). The overall sample included in this study consisted of 40 swimmers divided by a K-Means Cluster Analysis into three groups in relation to the results in the 50-m freestyle (G1_50, T50=23.53±.27 s, n=6; G2_50, T50=24.54±.33 s, n=18; G3_50, T50=25.52±.33 s, n=16), and 55 swimmers also divided into three groups in relation to the results in the 100-m freestyle (G1_100, T100=50.99±.82s, n=10; G2_100, T100=53.41±.48 s, n=17; G3_100, T100=56.13±1.32 s, n=28). The research results indicate that there is a difference in the specific race performance characteristics in relation to the achieved results in the 50-m freestyle, including: t10_50 (F=16.79, p=.000), SL2_50 (F=4.44, p=.019) and SI2_50 (F=13.49, p=.000), also in the 100-m freestyle, including: t10_100 (F=36.45, p=.000), SL1_100 (F=5.77, p=.005), SL2_100 (F=17.47, p=.000), SL3_100 (F=7.72, p=.001), SL4_100 (F=9.84, p=.000), SI1_100 (F=5.12, p=.009), SI2_100 (F=45.97, p=.000), SI3_100 (F=13.86, p=.000), SI4_100 (F=31.23, p=.000), SR1_100 (F=4.12, p=.022) and SR2_100 (F=6.37, p=.003). Based on these results we can draw the conclusion that swimmers who have better control over their race performance characteristics during all the segments of the race, including stroke length, stroke index and stroke rate have the potential of being faster in the 50-m and 100-m freestyle.