Introduction: Insufficient physical activity is one of the leading public health problems in the world, but also in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Modern civilization is characterized by a significant decrease in physical activity, and the number of people whose lifestyle can be called sedentary has never been higher, which is especially emphasised among children and adolescents. Aim of the study is to examine public health significance of physical activity on the occurrence and the degree of obesity in children and adolescents in primary and secondary schools and to determine the applicability of the Fels questionnaire on physical activity of children in rural areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: We used a transversal research method of a cross-sectional study at a one-time point, and for obtaining results we used the Fels physical activity questionnaire for children and measurement protocol. Results: 276 primary and secondary school students in two cities participated in this survey. Respondents in Busovaca are more physically active than their peers in Sarajevo. One-third of the total number of respondents is overweight and obese, and respondents in Sarajevo are significantly more nourished than their peers in Busovaca. The Fels questionnaire is conditionally applicable, especially in rural areas. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the Fels questionnaire for assessing the level of physical activity for children and young people, which is the general instrument for research of physical activity in children, is too generalized because it is based on a homogeneous urban population.

Introduction: The primary source of strength and support is the child’s family. A special role in caring for a child with developmental disabilities is played by his mother. The objective of this research is to find out the assessment of the quality of life (QOL) of disabled children mothers as well as to research the relation of sociodemographic variables of the respondents, as specified in this study and estimate the quality of their life and health.Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed by the use of the descriptive-analytical method. In a targeted association of families which have children and persons with difficulties was conducted this research on a sample of 100 registered mothers. The research instrument was the standardized questionnaire for QOL, the World Health Organization QOL-BREF and the users’ records of the mothers in the association.Results: The average age of the respondents was M = 48. 01 ± 11. 68. About 62% of the respondents are married, 54% have a high school diploma, 67% are not employed, 68% of the respondents did not declare to have health problems, and among those who declared to have health problems, the most common disease was diabetes mellitus. The average number of household members was M = 3. 44 members. The number of the household members was significantly and positively related to the domain of social interaction (rs = 0. 219; p < 0. 05), the domain of the environment (rs = 0. 220; p < 0. 05) and to the general QOL (rs = 0. 227; p < 0. 05). The age of the respondents was significantly and positivelyrelated only to the environmental domain (rs = 0. 205; p < 0. 05). The respondents who drive a car showed a significantly higher level of QOL in the field of mental health (p = 0. 042) and the environment (p = 0. 005). Concerning mothers with higher incomes rate, their QOL was better in the following domains: Physical health (p = 0. 030), mental health (p = 0. 002), environment (p = 0. 000001), and general QOL (p = 0. 0002).Conclusion: The respondents with a larger number of household members, those who have the support of family members, who were without health problems, and who independently use own car for transportation, consider their QOL as being better. Therefore, a promotional – preventive program for improving the life quality of mothers of children and persons with disabilities should include accessible life in the community and the ability to recognize the unique needs of the entire family of children and persons with disabilities.

Introduction: The challenges faced by visually impaired people in their efforts to integrate themselves into the labor market and the general position of persons with disabilities, regarding their employment and social security, is extremely difficult. Employment is the best safeguard against social exclusion and one of the main ways to achieve a full involvement in the society of the visually impaired people.Methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 25 visually impaired people employed at “TMP” d.o.o. Sarajevo. The study was used as a cross-sectional survey method wherein data were collected through appropriate survey instruments, using a modified survey questionnaire.Results: Out of the total number of respondents, 48% are male and 52% are female. The majority of respondents use other persons’ assistance when moving (n = 16). The largest number of respondents had 100% visual impairment (n = 17). The majority of subjects have no strenuous physical activity. The largest number of respondents during the previous week walked for at least 10 minutes, in the sequence of all 7 days and was driven in motor vehicles. When doing household chores, 56% of respondents said they had no difficulty. The most common difficulties in recreation, sports and physical activity in leisure time, that were encountered by 32% of respondents, are poor sound signalling and difficulties of visual nature, though 68% of respondents said that they had no difficulty in their recreational activities.Conclusion: The daily activities of employed visually impaired persons have a positive impact on their quality of life. Various are occupations of visually impaired people that improve their quality of life.

Continuous progress in the nursing profession has a significant impact on the quality in the process of clinical care, which brings about new challenges and tasks for nurses to invest in new knowledge and skills. The healthcare process requires a systematic team approach in the design of evidence-based tasks, good clinical practice and clinical guidelines, documented standardized phenomena and evaluated measurements and tests. Measurement instruments and statistical tests of treatment effectiveness are used to assess the quality of health care provided. For a successful measurement and analysis of the quality of clinical care, it is necessary to have standardized healthcare documentation that allows treatment and outcomes monitoring. Qualitative and safety indicators are used to assess the quality of clinical health care, which represent a means of measurement, screening or warning. Monitoring Quality and Safety Indicators in Health Care Services is used as a guide to monitoring, evaluating and improving the quality of health care, and supporting services and organizational functions. In the field of health care, we measure the total treatment, outcome of the healthcare process, patient satisfaction, unwanted events,quality of life, etc.

The clinical appliance of perfusion is being continuously developed and it is closely related to technology development. The role of perfusion neuroimaging in the management of acute stroke has been to prove reduced regional blood flow and to give the contribution in the identification of ischemic areas, respectively the regions of hypoperfusion that can be treated by thrombolytic and/or endovascular recanalization therapy. There are two main approaches to the measurement of cerebral perfusion by magnetic resonance. The aim of this article is to compare different measuring approaches of MR perfusion neuroimaging.

INTRODUCTION: Diseases of the locomotor system or musculoskeletal disease are on the rise, mainly due to the ageing of the population but also due to lifestyle changes. Those are the main cause of chronic pain and disability in the modern world. Thanks to the achievements of modern medicine, in patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the hip or knee it is possible to replace the diseased joint with an endoprosthesis, with very good long-term results related to pain reduction and function improvement. The aim of this study is to examine are there any differences in the quality of people's life before and after implantation of total knee endoprosthesis. RESPONDENTS AND RESEARCH METHODS: There were 30 subjects of both genders with knee joint disease enrolled in the study, who were treated with the surgical course at the Orthopedics clinic and the traumatology of the UKCS by implanting a total endoprosthesis, from the beginning of April until the end of October 2018. As an instruments of this research are used standardized SF-36 questionnaire for assessing the quality of life and overall health status and a modified questionnaire on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. RESULTS: Patients after implantation of total knee endoprosthesis have a better quality of life, i.e. statistical significance at physical function level (P = 0.0001), role limits due to physical problems (P = 0.0001), social functions (p = 0.0001), energy or vitality (P = 0.0001), pain (p = 0.0001), limitations of the role due to emotional problems (P = 0.0001), and emotional prosperity (P = 0.0001) and general health (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: The quality of life of patients was worse before the period after the total knee endoprosthesis, where statistically significant improvement was demonstrated.

Introduction:Total hip endoprosthesis is one of the most frequent and effective methods that are used in the treatment of progressive degenerative hip changes. After the implantation of total hip endoprosthesis, patients perception on their postoperative improvement and health has big role in their contentment and thus in the success of the surgical procedure. The aim of this survey is to examine whether there are differences in the quality of life of people in third age before and after the implantation of total hip endoprosthesis.Material and methods:The survey included 100 examinees in the third age, above 65 years, of both genders, with the disease of hip joint that had been treated at the Clinics for orthopaedics and traumatology of UKCS by implanting the total endoprosthesis. The examinees were questioned before the surgery and after implanting the total hip endoprosthesis. The survey has covered the period from 1st January 2014 till 31st December 2016. As an instrument tool in the survey well validated SF-36 questionnaire for the estimation of life quality and total health status was used. Results: Evaluating all the elements in SF-36 questionnaire it was determined that statistically significant improvement of all the life quality elements that this questionnaire measured was detected, after the conducted surgery compared to the state before the surgery, p=0.001. Statistically biggest improvement has been detected in limitations that happened because of physical and emotional issues, and then in those that were related to physical and social functioning (p=0.001). Body pains and vitality are also statistically significantly better after the conducted surgery (p=0.001). Conclusion:Out of the results of the survey it derives that the quality of life of the people in third age is significantly better after the surgery of implanting the total hip endoprosthesis.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, that causes permanent disabilities. Diagnostics of this disease by magnetic resonance requires the appliance of corresponding protocols with the sequences that emphasize demyelinating plaques. Standard sequences T1 and T2 sometimes cannot clearly show demyelinating plaques, and it is necessary to work on perfecting the sequences that emphasize the changes in the brain formed as demyelinating plaques. The aim of the survey: The aim of the survey was to estimate the value of MR sequence with double inversion recovery (DIR) in discovering demyelinating lesions of the brain in multiple sclerosis (MS). Patients and methods of the survey: 22 patients were included in the survey, they were of both genders and different age. The patients were with diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. The patients underwent the scanning on MR apparatus 1.5 T. Comparison of DIR sequence to FLAIR and T2 W sequences were done. Result: DIR sequence proved significantly more MS lesions compared to T2W or FLAIR sequence, including intracortical, juxtacortical and paraventricular zone of the brain. In the infratentorial zone of brain, T2W sequence proved significantly more plaques compared to DIR and FLAIR. Conclusion: DIR sequence compared to T2W and FLAIR sequences discovered more demyelinating lesions in targeted regions that were examined. DIR sequence is a tool that contributes to easier and faster diagnostics of multiple sclerosis, needs to be included into the routine MR protocol of patients with MS, in order to discover more easily intracortical and juxtacortical MS lesions of the brain.

Aim To demonstrate the effects of early diagnosis of overuse syndrome in the wrist on healing, pain intensity and quick recovery to daily work and sport activities. Methods This clinical retrospective study included 60 patients of both sexes aged from 22 to 44 years, with pain in the wrist and clinical signs of creeping tenosynovitis. Patients were divided into two groups: the first group - persons doing sports activity, and the second group - patients who did not deal with sports activities. Results Females in 31 (51.7%) cases compared to males with 29 (48.3%) were slightly more represented in the total sample. Patients with injuries due to sports activities had previously reported to the physician and the diagnosis was set at an average of 3.1±0.9 days after the first symptoms (the range of 2-5 days), compared to the patients of the second group whose diagnosis was set at an average of 4.7±1.1 days after the first symptoms (p<0.05). Conclusion Patients involved in sports activities were more motivated for faster recovery, they had earlier doctor's examination with rapid reduction of subjective symptoms during intensive physical therapy.