E-commerce is growing faster than traditional forms of commerce. The expansion of the internet, mobile networks and the use of smartphones have increasingly driven consumers to online shopping. The convenience of buying from home and possibilities to compare products are key benefits for consumers. Changes in consumer behavior have implications for traders and their business models. They are switching the entire business to e-commerce. The relatively lower costs of doing business and promotional activities are key reasons for such business transitions. For traditional traders (Brick and mortar), the greater challenge is that big players in this sector become those who do not have physical stores. The implementation and expansion of e-commerce are of varying intensity in the economies of the world. E-commerce can significantly increase competitiveness and strengthen the position of BiH companies in a wider market. This paper deals with the current and future trends of e-commerce in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper forecasts e-commerce trends for the period from 2019 to 2021. Based on available data for the period from 2015 to 2018, by the trend extrapolation method, the forecast for the next three years is given. A trend represents the movement of a process or occurrence that prevails over some time. The business activity under code 47.91 was analyzed, that is, retail trade via mail or internet. Business activity under code 47.91 is compared with the same at global and Europian level. Besides, basic business performance was analyzed both at the level of activity 47.91 and at the level of five domestic e-commerce companies (Pik d.o.o., E-kupi d.o.o., Kupi tehniku d.o.o., Fact cool d.o.o. i Dopi grupa d.o.o.). The following indicators were used in the analysis of business performance: sales revenue, net profit, number of employees and return on total assets. The paper aims to identify the growth rates of e-commerce in the period 2015-2018 in this market, to determine what this trend is relative to the trend of e-commerce development in the world and the region. Further, the aim is to extrapolate the trends of the analyzed indicators to predict the growth of e-commerce in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the next three years.Based on an extrapolation of trends in sales revenue, net income, and headcount, it was concluded that the growth rate of e-commerce in BiH will be significantly lower compared to the global level, but should also be higher than the growth at the level of European Union. Research has shown that e-commerce is very profitable and that an increasing number of companies are joining it.

Corporate Social Responsibility represents the voluntary and expressed concern of the company towards itself and its employees and towards the environment in a way to avoid or to minimize the negative consequences of its activities and to encourage, improve, and invest in its own development and development of the society. As Bosnia and Herzegovina belongs to a group of countries in development with a traditionally rooted philanthropy, we expect that the presented results of this paper will contribute to the reduction of the literary gap that had arisen from the lack of researches that have in its context corporate social responsibility, consumers and small and medium enterprises in such countries. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the ranking of responsibility from the pyramid of corporate social responsibility from the aspect of small and medium enterprises consumers in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Particularly, this paper analyzes the difference in the priorities and the achieved mean values of economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibility with respect to gender, whether the consumers in the environment know the company that operates ethically and socially responsibly, and respect to the material situation of consumer's household. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that consumers give priority to the philanthropic responsibility, i.e. in this research the redistribution of the importance of certain responsibility dimensions from the Carroll's pyramid of corporate social responsibility has not been confirmed. Statistically significant and positive values of Pearson correlation coefficient show us that economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities are interconnected. There is no difference in the achieved mean values of economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities with respect to the respondents’ gender (although there is a difference in the ranking of responsibilities). The highest mean values of the stated responsibilities have been achieved among the respondents who rated their material household status as "Much worse than the average", while the difference in the achieved mean values is statistically significant only for the legal and philanthropic responsibility in favor of consumers who had rated their household material condition as much worse than the average compared to those who had rated the household material condition as much better than average. Also significant mean values are noticable among respondents who know in their surrounding enterprises that are ethically and socially responsible, although statistically significant difference exist only with philanthropic responsibility. The results achieved in this research support the claims that in developing countries as well as in countries with traditionally rooted philanthropy priority is given to philanthropic responsibility compared to others.

This paper is devoted to some counting functions of level one and level three in the case of quotient space generated by some strictly hyperbolic Fuchsian group and the upper half-plane. Each of the functions is represented as a sum of some explicit part plus the error term. The explicit part is indexed over singularities of the corresponding Selberg zeta function. In particular, the obtained error term is not larger than O ( x 3/4) . The method applied in this paper follows traditional approach for achieving the error terms in the case of locally symmetric spaces of real rank one. In order to establish an analogy with the classical case, we consider the counting functions divided by x and x3, respectively.

BACKGROUND European Action on Secondary and Primary Prevention by Intervention to Reduce Events (EUROASPIRE) V in primary care was carried out by the European Society of Cardiology EURObservational Research Programme in 2016-2018. The main objective was to determine whether the 2016 Joint European Societies' guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in people at high cardiovascular risk have been implemented in clinical practice. METHODS The method used was a cross-sectional survey in 78 centres from 16 European countries. Patients without a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease either started on blood pressure and/or lipid and/or glucose lowering treatments were identified and interviewed ≥ 6 months after the start of medication. RESULTS A total of 3562 medical records were reviewed and 2759 patients (57.6% women; mean age 59.0 ± 11.6 years) interviewed (interview rate 70.0%). The risk factor control was poor with 18.1% of patients being smokers, 43.5% obese (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) and 63.8% centrally obese (waist circumference ≥88 cm for women, ≥102 cm for men). Of patients on blood pressure lowering medication 47.0% reached the target of <140/90 mm Hg (<140/85 mm Hg in people with diabetes). Among treated dyslipidaemic patients only 46.9% attained low density lipoprotein-cholesterol target of <2.6 mmol/l. Among people treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus, 65.2% achieved the HbA1c target of <7.0%. CONCLUSION The primary care arm of the EUROASPIRE V survey revealed that large proportions of people at high cardiovascular disease risk have unhealthy lifestyles and inadequate control of blood pressure, lipids and diabetes. Thus, the potential to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular disease throughout Europe by improved preventive cardiology programmes is substantial.

Son yillarda ilac yeniden konumlandirma calismalarinin hiz kazanmasi ile ozellikle zararsiz oldugu kanitlanmis, farmakokinetik ve optimal dozu iyi bilinen ilaclar farkli endikasyonlarda kullanilmak uzere yeniden arastirmalara tabi tutulmaktadir. Gunumuzde pandemiye neden olan SARS-CoV-2'ye karsi ozellikle klinik olarak etkinligi kanitlanmis tedavi ya da asi henuz bulunmamistir. COVID-19 hastaliginin tedavisinde klorokin ve hidroksiklorokinin tedavi potansiyeli buyuk olcude dikkat cekmistir. Bu derlemede COVID-19'un tedavisi ile yeniden gundeme gelen eski bir ilac olan klorokin/hidroksiklorokinin farmakokinetik, farmakodinamik ozellikleri, ozel populasyonlardaki kullanimi ve guvenligi ile ilgili mevcut veriler incelenmis ve literaturdeki guncel arastirmalar dogrultusunda SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonundaki etkinlik ve guvenligine iliskin veriler sunulmaktadir. Klorokin/Hidroksiklorokinin COVID-19 hastaliginin tedavi algoritmalarinda ilk sirada yer almasi ile birlikte daha fazla randomize kontrollu klinik calismanin da gerekli oldugu gorulmektedir.

This paper presents the development and experimental verification of a generative CAD/FEM model of an external bone fixation device. The generative CAD model is based on the development of a parameterized skeleton algorithm and sub-algorithms for parametric modeling and positioning of components within a fixator assembly using the CATIA CAD/CAM/CAE system. After a structural analysis performed in the same system, the FEM model was used to follow interfragmentary fracture displacements, axial displacements at the loading site, as well as principal and Von Mises stresses at the fixator connecting rod. The experimental analysis verified the results of the CAD/FEM model from an aspect of axial displacement at the load site using a material testing machine (deviation of 3.9 %) and the principal stresses in the middle of the fixator connecting rod using tensometric measurements (deviation of 3.5 %).The developed model allows a reduction of the scope of preclinical experimental investigations, prediction of the behavior of the fixator during the postoperative fracture treatment period and creation of preconditions for subsequent structural optimization of the external fixator.

U prvom delu rada se razmatraju teorijska stanovišta faza životnog ciklusa projekta. Pojasniće se sve što te faze obuhvataju i objasniti neke od metoda i tehnika koje se koriste radi lakšeg upravljanja projektom. U drugom delu se na primeru Projekta sanacije i adaptacije objekta KBC “Dr Dragiša Mišović” u Beogradu prikazuju faze životnog ciklusa sa stanovišta izvođača radova, od iniciranja projekta i ciljeva koji će se ostvariti, detaljnog planiranja kako će se ostvariti, realizacije projekta, te nadzora i kontrolisanja u svim fazama projekta.

Daily rhythms are disrupted in patients suffering from mood disorders. The lateral habenula (LHb) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) contribute to circadian timekeeping and regulate mood. Thus, pathophysiology in these nuclei may be responsible for aberrations in daily rhythms during mood disorders. Using the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) paradigm and in-vitro slice electrophysiology we measured the effects of stress on diurnal rhythms in firing of LHb cells projecting to the DRN (cellsLHb→DRN) and DRN cells alone. We also performed optogenetic experiments to investigate if increased firing in cellsLHb→DRN during exposure to subthreshold social defeat stress (SSDS), induces stress-susceptibility. Last we investigated whether exposure to CSDS affected the ability of mice to phototentrain to a new LD cycle. The cellsLHb→DRN and DRN cells alone of stress-susceptible mice express greater blunted diurnal firing compared to stress-naive (control) and stress-resilient mice. Day-time optogenetic activation of cellsLHb→DRN during SSDS induces stress-susceptibility which shows the direct correlation between increased activity in this circuit and putative mood disorders. Finally, we found that stress-susceptible mice are slower, while stress-resilient mice are faster, at photoentraining to a new LD cycle. Our findings suggest that CSDS induces blunted daily rhythms in firing in cellsLHb→DRN and slow rate of photoentrainment in susceptible-mice. In contrast, resilientmice may undergo homeostatic adaptations that maintain daily rhythms in firing in cellsLHb→DRN and also show rapid photoentrainment to a new LD-cycle.

Including biodiversity assessments in forest management planning is becoming increasingly important due to the importance of biodiversity for forest ecosystem resilience provision and sustainable functioning. Here we investigated the potential to include biodiversity indicators into forest management planning in Europe. In particular, we aimed to (i) identify biodiversity indicators and data collection methods for biodiversity assessments at the stand and landscape levels, and (ii) evaluate the practicality of those indicators for forest management planning. We performed a literature review in which we screened 188 research studies published between 1990 and 2020. We selected 94 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and examined in more detail. We considered three aspects of biodiversity: structure, composition, and function, and four forest management categories: unmanaged, managed, plantation, and silvopastoral. We used three criteria to evaluate the practicality of forest biodiversity indicators: cost-effectiveness, ease of application, and time-effectiveness. We identified differences in the practicality of biodiversity indicators for their incorporation into management plans. Stand-level indicators are more practical than landscape-level indicators. Moreover, structural biodiversity indicators (e.g., large trees, canopy openness, and old forest stands) are more useful in management plans than compositional indicators, as these are easily observable by non-professionals and can be obtained by forest inventories. Compositional indicators such are vascular plants, fungi, bryophyte, lichens, and invertebrate species are hard to identify by non-professionals and thus are impractical. Functional indicators (e.g., nutrient cycling) are not sufficiently addressed in the literature. Using recently updated existing databases (e.g., national forest inventories and bird atlases) is very time and cost-efficient. Remote sensing and other technology (e.g., smartphone applications) are promising for efficient data collection in the future. However, more research is needed to make these tools more accurate and applicable to a variety of ecological conditions and scales. Until then, forest stand structural variables derived from inventories can help improve management plans to prepare European forests towards an uncertain future.

ABSTRACT We recently performed two studies exploring the presence of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35 in human colorectal cancers from the Syrian population. Herein, we report that EBV and high-risk HPVs are co-present in colorectal cancers from Syria. We reveal that 17 (~17%) of 102 cancer samples are positive for both EBV and high-risk HPVs and their co-presence is associated with high/intermediate grade invasive carcinomas. These data suggest that EBV and high-risk HPVs are co-present in human colorectal cancers where they might cooperate on the initiation and/or progression of these cancers. Thus, we believe that future studies are necessary to confirm the co-presence of these oncoviruses and their cooperative role in human colorectal carcinogenesis.