Semantičke razlike između sinonima (ar. al-furūq al-luġawiyya - الفروق اللغوية) su naučna disciplina u arapskom jeziku koja istražuje razlike između pojedinih riječi koje, na prvi pogled, imaju identična značenja.Značaj izučavanja ove teme se ogleda u što preciznijem tumačenju i shvatanju sakralnih tekstova (Kurʼana i riječi Muhammeda, s.a.v.s.,), zatim čuvanju bogate arapske leksike, kao i trganju od zaborava izraza koji imaju preciznija značenja.U prvom periodu stasanja arapske leksikografije, autori koji su pisali djela iz ove naučne discipline su dali veliki doprinos njenom bogaćenju, a jedno od najpoznatijih djela je Al-Furūq al-luġawiyya (الفروق اللغوية) ʼAbū Hilāla al-‘Askariyya (395/1005).

Introduction: Burn, depending on the degree of severity and depth, induces significant pathophysiological  response of the body. Our study is the  prospective study  for  assessment of  T lymphocyte  immunological changes in patients with burns, with different degrees of  %TBSA  and depth of burns. Research objectives : Objectives of this study were to assess %CD3+Ly, % CD4+Ly,  %CD8+Ly, %CD3+HLA-DR+Ly, %CD4+Ly /CD8+Ly), of burned body with different   %TBSA degrees, different depth burns and to establish predictive value of of immune suppression  these  parameters. Patients and methods: According  to %TBSA, patients were classified into three groups:  mild  burns with TBSA% 25% to 40%  (30 patients).  According to the depth of burns, patients were classified into two groups, partial-thickness burns, (39 patients), and full-thickness burns (51 patients). We followed laboratory  parameters :  % CD3+Ly , % CD3+ CD4+Ly,  % CD3+CD8+Ly,  % CD3+HLA-DR+Ly, CD4 / CD8 (%) lymphocytes (on    day 7th and on   day 14th). Results: Percentage of CD3+ lymphocytes was significantly lower in severe  burns compared to the moderate  heavy  burns  andsignificantly lower compared to the mild  burns . Percentage of CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes was significantly lower in severe burns   compared to moderate  heavy burns   and  in relation to  mild burns  (results on day 14th );  also  are lower in moderate severe burn compared  to  mild burns. On day 14th, the% CD4 / CD8 ratio was not significantly lower in the severe burns versus the moderate  burns. On day 14th, the  % CD4 / CD8 ratio wassignificantly lower in severe burns compared to mild burns; significantly lower in moderateburns  compared  to  mild  burns. % CD3+HLA-DR + cells was significantly lower   in severe   burn and moderately  severe  burns  compared to the mild burns  on day 7th, and also on day 14th .  Full- thickness burns have significantly lower  %CD3+lymphocytes, %CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes,  %CD3+HLA-DR+ lymphocytes, ratio of % CD4/CD8 lymphocytes compared to partial-thickness burns  . Conclusions : Peripheral blood T lymphocytes are one of the key indicators of immunosuppression of patients with burns of different % TBSA and different degrees of burn depth.   Larger %TBSA and full- thickness burns injected stronger systemic immunosuppresion,   compared to smaller %TBSA and partial-thickness burns.

Obrazovno postignuće već nekoliko godina zaokuplja pažnju istraživača, što je rezultiralo velikim brojem istraživanja koja ispituju brojne faktore koji pridonose obrazovnom i akademskom postignuću učenika i studenata. Cilj rada je teorijska obrada pojmova osobina ličnosti i obrazovnog uspjeha, navođenje i analiziranje dostupnih definicija i uvid u pregled literature relevantnih autora koji su sa svojim radovima doprinijeli razumijevanju povezanosti i predikcije osobina ličnosti s obrazovnim, odnosno, akademskim uspjehom. U ovom preglednom radu iznesen je prikaz relevantnih naučnih radova, prikaz o mogućnostima objašnjavanja obrazovnog uspjeha učenika osnovne, srednje škole i akademskog uspjeha studenata na temelju različitih osobina ličnosti. Prikazan je doprinos svake od razmatrane osobine ličnosti u objašnjenju akademskog uspjeha. Prikazana dosadašnja istraživanja u ovom radu dala su određene podatke koji govore u prilog pozitivne povezanosti i predikcije osobina ličnosti Petofaktorskog modela ličnosti i akademskog uspjeha.

Man in ecology as a multidisciplinary scientific field is one of the key ecological factors of the environment. Viewed historically, in its existence it is constantly changing and influencing the natural environment and adapting it to its needs. Namely, considering in general, we are witnesses that today's situation on Earth is greatly disturbed from the point of view of human influence and ecology. We are also witnessing multiple changes and consequences of environmental damage that occur in the context of global environmental problems or even environmental crises. Some of the major environmental problems faced by today's man are: climate change, the emergence of the "greenhouse effect", damage to the ozone layer and the emergence of so-called. ozone "holes", pollution of environmental media such as soil, water and air, biodiversity loss, waste, uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources, radioactivity, desertification and more. Global ecological problems, i.e. their emergence, are associated with the emergence of an irrational relationship and the creation of a rift between man himself and nature. In addition to the above, their occurrence is also associated with the effects of various sources of environmental pollution. Precisely because of all the above, the paper analyzes and deals with the role of man as an ecological factor and some of the listed global environmental problems of today, taking into account the short Islamic aspect.

Konformizam se obično posmatra kao oblik socijalnog utjecaja gdje se pojedinac prilagođava grupi, odnosno, gdje pojedinac mijenja svoje stavove i ponašanja i prilagođava ih stavovima i ponašanjima grupe kojoj pripada ili kojoj želi da pripada. Cilj ovog rada jeste naglašavanje potrebe da se konformiranje grupi razlikuje od pokornosti grupi. Konformiranje grupi prati želja da se bude što sličniji većini, da se prisvoje grupne vrijednosti ili saznanja, pri čemu pojedinac sam bira da li će se prikloniti grupi ili većini.

Ljudi o sebi vole misliti kao samostalnima, kriticki svjesnima, individuama koje nisu pijuni i koje imaju stav, ne pokoravajuci se vecini, imuni su na socijalne zaraze. Ipak, svakodnevno smo izloženi socijalnom utjecaju drugih. Sklonost da cinimo osnovnu atribucijsku gresku, odnosno, da vlastito i tuđe ponasanje objasnjavamo iskljucivo osobinama licnosti, podcjenjuje snagu i važnost tog utjecaja. Kako bi sacuvao svoje samopostovanje i, istovremeno, bio ravnopravnim dijelom grupe, covjek se pokorava socijalnom utjecaju, težeci da pronađe savrsenu ravnotežu između onog sto sam želi i ocekivanja grupe kojoj pripada.Naucno proucavanje vrijednosnih orijentacija, kao i vrijednosti uopce, ima veliki naucni, ali i drustveni znacaj, jer se radi o proucavanju faktora koji pokrecu i usmjeravaju ponasanje pojedinca i grupe. Ispitivanje preferencija konformizma i aktivizma – opceg i drustvenog – kao vrijednosnih orijentacija urađeno je na uzorku od 106 odraslih osoba s podrucja Bosanske krajine. Uzorak je cinilo 60 žena (56.6%), a starost ispitanika bila je između 19 i 77 godina.Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju kako prisutnost konformizma te opceg i drustvenog aktivizma kao vrijednosnih orijentacija u tradicionalnom drustvu nije visoka te se može ocekivati da je danas, u XXI stoljecu, i u tradicionalnim sredinama ojacan individiualizam, a da se napusta kolektivizam i održavanje grupne kohezije kao tradicionalne vrijednosti.

Applying conceptual blending theory, the paper analyses the construction of the meaning of a satirical text ridiculing the language employed by politicians to frame the debate on current political and social issues. In particular, it focuses on the language used by Donald Trump in explaining his anti-immigration stances through a poem based on the fable about the farmer and the viper, and a satirical text providing a new version of the poem, which criticizes Trump’s immigration policy. The paper examines the creation of the humorous meaning of the text in conceptual blending. The humorous meaning is created in the blended space due to the unusual combination of related structures, which results in incongruity (Coulson 2002; Marín-Arrese 2003). Furthermore, as blending can be used as a rhetorical tool influencing the audience to change the reality and even act upon it (Coulson 2006; Coulson & Oakley 2006; Coulson & Pascual 2006; Oakley & Coulson 2008), the analysis of the construction of the meaning of the satirical text as a product of conceptual blending can reveal rhetorical and argumentative goals in political discourse.

Public health strategies to contain the pandemic continue to vary markedly across the world. In Sweden, compared to most advanced economies, social restrictions have primarily relied upon voluntary adherence to a set of recommendations and strict lockdowns have not been enforced. To better understand the development of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the Stockholm population before the start of mass vaccinations, healthy blood donors and pregnant women (n=4,100) were sampled at random between 14th March-11th December 2020. All individuals (n=200/sampling week) were screened for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) trimer- and RBD-specific IgG responses with highly sensitive and specific ELISA assays, and the results were compared with those from historical controls (n=595). Data were modelled using a probabilistic Bayesian framework that considered individual responses to both antigens. We found that after a steep rise at the start of the pandemic, the seroprevalence trajectory increased steadily in approach to the winter second-wave of infections, approaching 15% of all individuals surveyed by 11th December. In agreement with the high transmission rate observed in the Stockholm area, seroprevalence in this cohort of active adults increased during the 9 months from the start of the outbreak, but was far from that required for herd immunity at the end of 2020.

Glaucoma is considered to be one of the biggest health problems in the world. It is the main cause of preventable blindness due to its asymptomatic nature in the early stages on the one hand and patients’ non-adherence on the other. There are several approaches in glaucoma treatment, whereby this has to be individually designed for each patient. The first-line treatment is medication therapy. However, taking into account numerous disadvantages of conventional ophthalmic dosage forms, intensive work has been carried out on the development of novel drug delivery systems for glaucoma. This review aims to provide an overview of formulation solutions and strategies in the development of in situ gel systems, nanosystems, ocular inserts, contact lenses, collagen corneal shields, ocular implants, microneedles, and iontophoretic devices. The results of studies confirming the effectiveness of the aforementioned drug delivery systems were also briefly presented.

Applying conceptual blending theory, the paper analyses the construction of the meaning of a satirical text ridiculing the language employed by politicians to frame the debate on current political and social issues. In particular, it focuses on the language used by Donald Trump in explaining his anti-immigration stances through a poem based on the fable about the farmer and the viper, and a satirical text providing a new version of the poem, which criticizes Trump’s immigration policy. The paper examines the creation of the humorous meaning of the text in conceptual blending. The humorous meaning is created in the blended space due to the unusual combination of related structures, which results in incongruity (Coulson 2002; Marín-Arrese 2003). Furthermore, as blending can be used as a rhetorical tool influencing the audience to change the reality and even act upon it (Coulson 2006; Coulson & Oakley 2006; Coulson & Pascual 2006; Oakley & Coulson 2008), the analysis of the construction of the meaning of the satirical text as a product of conceptual blending can reveal rhetorical and argumentative goals in political discourse.

Dishevelled family proteins (DVL1, DVL2, and DVL3) are cytoplasmic proteins that are involved in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway during embryonic development. The role of DVL proteins in the placental tissue remains mostly unknown. In the current study, we explored the role of Dishevelled proteins in naturally invasive tissue, trophoblast. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of 15 term placentas from physiologic term pregnancies and 15 term placentas from pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth restrictions (IUGR) were used for the study. Expression levels of mRNA for DVL1, DVL2, and DVL3 in placentas were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). DVL1, DVL2, and DVL3 protein expression were semi-quantitatively analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The expression of DVL3 protein was significantly higher in trophoblasts and endothelial cells in placental villi from IUGR pregnancies compared with the control group of term placentas, while DVL2 protein expression was significantly higher in trophoblasts in placental villi from IUGR pregnancies compared with normal term placentas. The observed differences at protein levels between normal and IUGR placentas were not confirmed at the mRNA levels of DVL genes. Our data indicate the active involvement of DVL proteins in IUGR-related placentas. No significant changes were observed in DVL mRNA levels between the two groups of placentas. Further studies are required to explore the clinical relevance of these observations.

Dishevelled family proteins (DVL1, DVL2, and DVL3) are cytoplasmic proteins that are involved in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway during embryonic development. The role of DVL proteins in the placental tissue remains mostly unknown. In the current study, we explored the role of Dishevelled proteins in naturally invasive tissue, trophoblast. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of 15 term placentas from physiologic term pregnancies and 15 term placentas from pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth restrictions (IUGR) were used for the study. Expression levels of mRNA for DVL1, DVL2, and DVL3 in placentas were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRTPCR). DVL1, DVL2, and DVL3 protein expression were semi-quantitatively analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The expression of DVL2 and DVL3 proteins was significantly higher in trophoblasts in placental villi from IUGR pregnancies compared with the control group of term placentas. In contrast, DVL3 protein expression was significantly higher in endothelial cells in placental villi from IUGR pregnancies compared with normal term placentas. The observed differences at protein levels between normal and IUGR placentas were not confirmed at the mRNA levels of DVL genes. Our data indicate the active involvement of DVL proteins in IUGR-related placentas. No significant changes were observed in DVL mRNA levels between the two groups of placentas. Further studies are required to explore the clinical relevance of these observations.

We address several problems of coordination and consensus on and that can be formulated as minimization problems on these Lie groups. Then, gradient descent methods for minimization of the corresponding functions provide distributed algorithms for coordination and consensus in a multi-agent system. We point out main differences in convergence of algorithms on the two groups. We discuss advantages and effects of representing 3D rotations by quaternions and applications to the coordinated motion in space. In some situations (and depending on the concrete problem and goals) it is advantageous to run algorithms on and map trajectories onto via the double cover map , instead of working directly on .

Aim: Undergraund Farmakology of Black Marked such as are Anabolic steroids wich are irational abused by young recreational bodybuilder are in hidden epidemic connection with fast muscle gain and increased cardiovascular risk. Many young recreational bodybuilders beisides syntetic testestorone derivats, different testosteron esters and supplements search for alternative methods to improve effectes of muscle gain. Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) with connection of abuse of stacking anabolic steroids in recreational bodybuilders still stay generally and worldwide unexplored leaving lots of unfilled gaps. Methodology: This study was conducted from beginning of May, 2018 till end of december 2018 at the Clinic of cardiovascular Surgery, department for vascular and endovascular surgery, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Special Hospital dr.Solakovic Department for Hyperbaric medicine (BIH) Head of Center for Hyperbaric medicine and chronic wound treatment Banja Luka (BIH), Private Hyperbaric and General Practice Therapy Centar Split and faculty Physical education and Sport Sarajevo included 72 subjects age 20-30 (36 of them went to hyperbaric chamber and used anabolic supplements while, 36 don’t went to hyperbaric chamber only used anabolic steroids). Potential Cardiovascular Side Effects are investigated For the testing of statistical significance of differences between the examined groups parameter tests were used. The difference at a level of p<0,05 was statistically significant. Results: In all tested subjects we investigated increasing potential damage of cardiovascular parameters age 20-30 years after two years study. Analysis shows the no statistically significant influence of recoverry and strength improvment in (HBOT) Treat dacetate group, compared to non Trenbolone acetate abuser group (p<0,005). Conclusion: Anabolic steroid stacking have generally efective potential abusing impact on skeletomuscular system it is unsignificant that oxgen therapy can provide such benefit in strength like anabolic steroids but certainly can improve recovery after hard working effort in a gym.