Recent Bosnian criticism, directly or indirectly, deals with the issue of classification and systematization of Tvrtko Kulenović's literary work, which due to its specificity can hardly be reduced to usual conventions. This paper gives an overview of the very specificity of that, above all, polyvalent literary work, which encompasses travelogues, plays (dramas), essays and novels – genres that sometimes act separately, and sometimes represent a habitus, i.e. a unique textual universe of Tvrtko Kulenović.

Accurate information on the cause of death is obtained from expert teams based on pathological or forensic expertise. Reliable information can be obtained from physicians in hospital settings if the deceased person has been treated in such an institution and has previously been diagnosed with an illness (intrahospital mortality). Intrahospital mortality analysis provides reliable data that can be used in the planning of a bed fund, the amount of medication purchased, the purchase of equipment, the organization and creation of highly specialized medical teams (resuscitation team), the number of resuscitation procedures, the number of pathologists required for autopsy procedures, etc. The aim of the study was to determine the total number of deaths, to identify the most common causes of death and 10 leading diagnoses of deceased patients at the Internal Medicine Clinic, University Clinical Center Tuzla (UKC) during one calendar year (2011). Material and methodes: Archive material (case histories and reports of deceased patients of the Internal Medicine Clinic) were used. Results: During this period, 6 488 patients were treated at the Internal Medicine Clinic and 451 patients died. According to the analyzed data, the most common diagnoses and causes of death at the Internal Medicine Clinic were: cerebrovascular incidents 104 (20.84%), cardiogenic shock in 24 (5.31%), heart failure 59 (10.86%), hepatic coma with cirrhosis of the liver 25 (5.33%), sudden cardiac death 30 (6.53%), respiratory failure 15 (3.32%), myocardial infarction 41 (9.99%), multiorgan failure 18 (4.00%) , pulmonary edema 14 (3.10%), sepsis 6 (1.38%), pulmonary emboli 17 (3.82%), valvular heart disease 9 (1.92%), cardiorespiratory arrest 9 (1.92%) , malignant abdominal neoplasms in 23 (5.28%), pancreatitis 2 (0.44%), hematemesis 8 (1.76%), diabetes mellitus 4 (0.88%), lung tumor 1 (0.22%), chronic renal insufficiency 12(2.54%), suicidal intoxication 4 (0.88%), ileus 4 (0.88%), cachexia 3 (0.66%), restrictive cardiomyopathy 2 (0.44%), mesenteric thrombosis arteries 2 (0.44%), disseminated lupus erythematosus 2 (0.44%), coffee vein thrombosis inferior 2 (0.44%), and 1 (0.22%) died of an aneurysm aortic abdominalis, ventricular septal defect, amyloidosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and breast tumors. Conclusion: During the analyzed period, 6488 patients were treated at the Internal Medicine Clinic and a total of 451 patients died. The most common cause of death in hospitalized patients is cardiovascular disease (n = 208; 41.68% of deaths), with cerebrovascular disease (n = 104; 20.84% of deaths) totaling 312 (62.25%) of deaths from cardio and cerebrovascular disease.

Background: The need to reduce pollution emissions in the operating room and to reduce treatment costs motivates more frequent use of general anaesthesia with a small or minimal fresh gas flow rate. Nevertheless, the reduction of the delivery of fresh gases should not influence the quality and safety of the anaesthesia. Aim: Compare the effect of general anesthesia of low flow and high flow of gases on haemodynamic stability and the depth of sleep of patients.Material and methods: A total of 100 patients were included in the study. The first group will consist of patients who are introduced into general anesthesia of high flow and the second group of patients in general low-flow anesthesia. For the purpose of the study, shorter operations will be selected for up to 2 hours. In all patients the bispectral index (BIS), heart rate, blood pressure, end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration and haemoglobin oxygen saturation were monitored.Results: Heart rate (HR) and haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2) were similar in both groups and the differences between them were statistically insignificant. There is a statistically significant difference in both systolic and diastolic pressure between the two groups. In the high-flow group, the systolic and diastolic pressure values were higher than in the low-flow group. The BIS values were similar in both groups and indicated that patients who underwent low-flow anaesthesia were not exposed to a higher risk of awakening during the procedure than the high-flow anaesthesia patients.Conclusions: Use of both, low-flow and high-flow rate general anaesthesia provide patients adequate sleep depth and haemodynamic stability.

An analysis workflow has been developed to assess energy deposition and material damage for ITER vertical displacement events (VDEs) and major disruptions (MD). This paper describes the use of this workflow to assess the melt damage to be expected during unmitigated current quench (CQ) phases of VDEs and MDs at different points in the ITER research plan. The plasma scenarios are modeled using the DINA code with variations in plasma current I p, disruption direction (upwards or downwards), Be impurity density n Be, and diffusion coefficient χ. Magnetic field line tracing using SMITER calculates time-dependent, 3D maps of surface power density q ⊥ on the Be-armored first wall panels (FWPs) throughout the CQ. MEMOS-U determines the temperature response, macroscopic melt motion, and final surface topology of each FWP. Effects of Be vapor shielding are included. Scenarios at the baseline combination of I p and toroidal field (15 MA/5.3 T) show the most extreme melt damage, with the assumed n Be having a strong impact on the disruption duration, peak q ⊥ and total energy deposition to the first wall. The worst-cases are upward 15 MA VDEs and MDs at lower values of n Be, with q ⊥,max = 307 MW m−2 and maximum erosion losses of ∼2 mm after timespans of ∼400–500 ms. All scenarios at 5 MA avoided melt damage, and only one 7.5 MA scenario yields a notable erosion depth of 0.25 mm. These results imply that disruptions during 5 MA, and some 7.5 MA, operating scenarios will be acceptable during the pre-fusion power operation phases of ITER. Preliminary analysis shows that localized melt damage for the worst-case disruption should have a limited impact on subsequent stationary power handling capability.

Recent technological advances in the field of genomics offer conservation managers and practitioners new tools to explore for conservation applications. Many of these tools are well developed and used by other life science fields, while others are still in development. Considering these technological possibilities, choosing the right tool(s) from the toolbox is crucial and can pose a challenging task. With this in mind, we strive to inspire, inform and illuminate managers and practitioners on how conservation efforts can benefit from the current genomic and biotechnological revolution. With inspirational case studies we show how new technologies can help resolve some of the main conservation challenges, while also informing how implementable the different technologies are. We here focus specifically on small population management, highlight the potential for genetic rescue, and discuss the opportunities in the field of gene editing to help with adaptation to changing environments. In addition, we delineate potential applications of gene drives for controlling invasive species. We illuminate that the genomic toolbox offers added benefit to conservation efforts, but also comes with limitations for the use of these novel emerging techniques.

Research into the use of organometallic compounds as potential drugs is extremely popular and yields promising results. In this research, a group of organometallic compounds based on 2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione and selected amino acids (histidine and phenylalanine) was synthesized. FTIR and UV/VIS spectroscopy were used for structural characterization. Antimicrobial activity was examined by diffusion technique on reference bacterial strains from the ATCC collection. The reduction ability of the complex was examined by the FRAP method. The complexes showed significant inhibitory activity against gram-positive bacteria, with zones of inhibition ranging from 10-25 mm. Antioxidant capacity is also high, with FRAP values ranging from 1315.07-22038.7 µmol/L. These results indicate the potential of the synthesized complexes to be used as antibiotics and synthetic antioxidants. However, additional in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to determine their biological activity in more detail.

Background: Left atrial dilatation, according to recent studies is important in the onset of atrial fibrillation, stroke and death. The most reliable echocardiographic parameter of left atrial dilatation is the left atrial volume index (LAVi). Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of LAVi on the occurrence of atrial fibrillation after surgical myocardial revascularization (CABG). Methods: A prospective study included 116 patients undergoing surgical myocardial revascularization followed from admission to discharge. The examination was conducted at the Special Hospital “BH Centre for Heart” Tuzla. Preoperative ultrasound examination determined the parameters of left ventricular diastolic function and LAVi in all patients and postoperatively determined the onset of AF, the day of onset, duration in hours, number of episodes. Logistic regression was used to evaluate whether an event occurred or not, and the effect of time on the event of interest was analysed by Cox's parallel hazard regression. Results: 75.9% of patients had diastolic left ventricular dysfunction (LVDD). Preoperative values of LAVi are significantly higher when the LVDD grade is higher. In patients with LVDD and higher LAVi values, the risk of AF occurrence is greater, the longer the duration of AF, and the significantly greater number of AF episodes. As a result of the analysis, the most significant predictors of AF are: LVDD and LAVi. Conclusion: LAVi has the best hazard function in explaining the occurrence of atrial fibrillation after surgical myocardial revascularization.

Background: Empathy is an indispensable part of health care. The outcome of empathic response is satisfaction on sides, patient and health professionals. But it also requires a great deal of healthcare staff’s engagement what is exhausting and burdening. Many variables in increasing or decreasing way affect empathy.Aim: Combining facial emotion recognition and personal affective traits, the focus was to determine which one is a better predictor of health professional’s empathy.Methods: Therefore, a total of 150 health professionals was assessed in the level of empathy, position on extraversion-introversion dimension and ability to accurately recognize facial expressions of emotion. Gender and working experience were controlling variables in predicting the health professional’s empathy.Results: Generally, results show that extraverted health professionals with high accuracy of facial expression recognition have also higher empathy scores. Both studied variables were good predictors of health professional’s empathy whit a stronger unique contribution of personality traits.Conclusion: Managing health professionals human resources based on their empathy could serve, in long term, to prevent individual level occurrences such as burnout syndrome and extended work absenteeism, and on an organizational level many legal issues and to enhance better treatment outcomes, trust in health professionals with mutual satisfaction. Further studies are required for application in clinical settings. Keywords: empathy, facial expression, affective personality traits

ObjectiveThe objective was to examine correlations between a level of cognitive functioning and severity of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms.Subjects and Methods  PTSD presence was tested on 104 war veterans together with depression and anxiety symptoms and a level of cognitive functioning.  We applied Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ) to access traumatic experiences and intensity of PTSD symptoms and Hopkins Symptom Scale (SBCL 25) for depression and anxiety severity while Mini mental status (MMSE) was applied for aggravated cognitive functioning. ResultsThe average age of tested war veterans was 50,6 years (standard deviation -SD = 5,2 years). Cognitive functioning level was in a negative correlation with traumatic experiences severity (Pearson’s r = -0,310, p = 0,001), with the intensity of PTSD symptoms and the intensity of depression and anxiety symptoms (Pearson’s r = -0,649, p <0.001; r = -0,606, p <0.001, r = -0,566, p <0,001, respectively).Conclusion Severity of traumatic experiences, severity of PTSD symptoms as well as the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms decreased cognitive functioning of war veterans seventeen years after the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Generative (grammar) means precisely formulated, explicit grammar. American linguist A. N. Chomsky strove for such a maximally precise, universal grammar. He bases the foundation for his thoughts on the possibility of the existence of a universal grammar on his own belief that the ability for language is inherent in human beings, i.e., that the grammatical structure not only of our own language, but of language in general, is engrained in our minds. This syntactician is interested not only in the definition and analysis of the sentence structure, but also in the inherent relation between grammar and logic. Chomsky’s starting point is that it is possible, within the confines of one language, to form an infinite number of statements using a finite number of words (Glovacki-Bernardi, et al., 2007, p. 190.); while doing so, the focus is on grammatically correct, meaningful statements, as in the opposite situation, grammatical rules which point to the logical relationship within them would lose their meaning. This is, at the same time, one of the foundations of his generative theory. Chomsky confirmed a set of rules through which he attempted to place grammar into a universal framework within which every language can find the laws ruling its own logical grammatical functioning. In applying these laws, it is possible to form paradigms which will serve as indicators of structural differences and similarities between languages, which we will demonstrate in this paper using examples from French and Latin.

E. T. A. Hoffmann was a multi-talented artist who was not only known as a writer but as well as a composer and a draftsman. These talents can be noticed through various traces within his literary work. The references to the fine arts characterize Hoffmann’s entire oeuvre from the early to the late phase. The interest in certain artists and works, which Hoffmann adopted both in Dresden and during the Bamberg and Berlin periods, can be encountered through various references, especially within his narratives. The presented article includes three story collections: Fantasiestücke in Callots Manier,. Blätter aus dem Tagebuche eines reisenden Enthusiasten (1814/15), Nachtstücke (1816/17), and Die Serapionsbrüder (1819/21). It begins by referring to Hoffmann’s engagement with various artistic models, and then goes on to examine the traces of these encounters. The approach divides the references into four categories that within selected narratives reference to different features. Hoffmann not only relays on the traditionally painterly genres of fantasy and nocturne, but also attempts to transpose their characteristics into literature. The works of visual artists can serve as narrative prompts, or to shape the protagonist and landscape depictions. The above-mentioned references contribute to a better understanding of Hoffmann’s narrative work, both on the poetological level and on the level of content.

Teaching methodology is a key segment in the initial education of future teachers. It is a science that studies legality in the field of teaching and learning, but in a specific, clearly defined field of activity. That is, it is a science that explores what to learn, how to learn and teach, as well as how and with what support certain teaching contents are learned. Future teachers, during their initial education, in parallel with the professional knowledge from selected subjects of study, acquire knowledge, develop skills and attitudes on how to teach this subject of study and how future generations will acquire, adopt, form knowledge and skills through their own activity. The aim of this paper is to determine the representation of teaching methodology with school practice in study programs for the education pre-service science teachers. Based on the aim, a qualitative research was conducted, in which the legal provisions regulating the teaching processes at the University of Sarajevo were primarily analysed, with an emphasis on the pedagogical-psychological and didactic methodological group of subjects in the study programs for education of pre-service science teachers at the University of Sarajevo. The total of 11 teacher education programs for education of pre-service science teachers at the Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, were analyzed. The analysis and description of official study programs that prepare future science teachers showed an unequal treatment of teaching methodology practices in the study programs of this higher education institution. We identified different approaches in creating goals and outcomes for teaching content from teaching methodology, unequal number of ECTS credits for this segment of initial education, and also the specifics of certain teaching methodology in study programs have been recognized. The results and recommendations can offer ideas for reflection that will improve the initial education for education of pre-service science teachers. The results of the research also emphasize the responsibility of university teachers in the process of creating curricula with an emphasis on pedagogical-psychological and didactic-methodological area.

The paper deals with the problem of poor acquisition of English nominal compounds in EFL university students who are native speakers of Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian (BCS). The problem was tackled by a brief comparison of noun morphology and declension suffixes in English and BCS, the introduction of negative transfer in the process of foreign language acquisition, and the analysis of BCS translation equivalents. The discussion revealed that the productivity of compounding largely depends on the complexity of noun morphology. Put simply, the more complex noun morphology is, the less productive compounding will be. In addition, the analysis of the translation equivalents also highlighted that a vast majority of problems related to poor acquisition of English nominal compounds stems from the fact that EFL learners usually translate L1 phrases word-forword into L2. Finally, it was pointed out that teaching English nominal compounds to EFL learners could be improved by tailored-made instructions provided in L1.