Abstract Gait abnormalities are typically derived from neurological conditions or orthopaedic problems and can cause severe consequences such as limited mobility and falls. Gait analysis plays a crucial role in monitoring gait abnormalities and discovering underlying deficits can help develop rehabilitation programs. Contemporary gait analysis requires a multi-modal gait analysis approach where spatio-temporal, kinematic and muscle activation gait characteristics are investigated. Additionally, protocols for gait analysis are going beyond labs/clinics to provide more habitual insights, uncovering underlying reasons for limited mobility and falls during daily activities. Wearables are the most prominent technology that are reliable and allow multi-modal gait analysis beyond the labs/clinics for extended periods. There are established wearable-based algorithms for extracting informative gait characteristics and interpretation. This paper proposes a multi-layer fusion framework with sensor, data and gait characteristics. The wearable sensors consist of four units (inertial and electromyography, EMG) attached to both legs (shanks and thighs) and surface electrodes placed on four muscle groups. Inertial and EMG data are interpreted by numerous validated algorithms to extract gait characteristics in different environments. This paper also includes a pilot study to test the proposed fusion approach in a small cohort of stroke survivors. Experimental results in various terrains show healthy participants experienced the highest pace and variability along with slightly increased knee flexion angles (≈1°) and decreased overall muscle activation level during outdoor walking compared to indoor, incline walking activities. Stroke survivors experienced slightly increased pace, asymmetry, and knee flexion angles (≈4°) during outdoor walking compared to indoor. A multi-modal approach through a sensor, data and gait characteristic fusion presents a more holistic gait assessment process to identify changes in different testing environments. The utilisation of the fusion approach presented here warrants further investigation in those with neurological conditions, which could significantly contribute to the current understanding of impaired gait.

In the scope of the genetic, morphological and phenological research of the genus Tilia in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with control populations in Germany, multibracteate silver-leaved linden (T. tomentosa Moench.) was discovered in Mostar. In addition to the usual primary bract, there are also bracts of the second and the third order, which as phenomenon is, to our knowledge, new for the science. Since the bracts vary in size, as well as in shape, and additional bracts do not appear on all the sampled trees, the task in the future is to further investigate this phenomenon.

Motivated by the recent paper [M.R.S. Kulenović, M. Nurkanović, and A.A. Yakubu, Asymptotic behaviour of a discrete-time density-dependent SI epidemic model with constant recruitment, J. Appl. Math. Comput. 67 (2021), pp. 733–753. DOI:10.1007/s12190-021-01503-2], in this paper, we consider the class of the SI epidemic models with recruitment where the Poisson function, a decreasing exponential function of the population of infectious individuals, is replaced by a general probability function that satisfies certain conditions. We compute the basic reproduction number We establish the global asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium (GAS) for We use the Lyapunov function method developed in [P. van den Driessche and A.-A. Yakubu, Disease extinction versus persistence in discrete-time epidemic models, Bull. Math. Biol. 81 (2019), pp. 4412–4446], to demonstrate the GAS of the disease-free equilibrium and uniform persistence of the considered class of models. We show that the considered type of model is permanent for . For the transcritical bifurcation appears. For we prove the global attractivity result for endemic equilibrium and instability of the disease-free equilibrium. We apply theoretical results to specific escape functions of the susceptibles from infectious individuals. For each case, we compute the basic reproduction number .

Aim To examine the prevalence of depression in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as the relationship between the depression and quality of life. Methods The survey was conducted via sociodemographic questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Short Form 36 Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36). The result of SF-36 is expressed in subscales that make up the health status profile, i.e. physical functioning, physical role, emotional role, social functioning, mental health, vitality, pain and general health. Results The study included 120 patients, of which 70 males and 50 females aged between 41 and 88 years (mean 64.73±11.218). All patients were hospitalized at the Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo, Clinic for Cardiovascular Disease and Rheumatism, due to complications caused by AMI. After AMI 59 (49.17%) patients had depression. Depression was negatively associated with physical functioning, physical role, emotional role, social functioning, mental health, vitality, pain and general health. Physical functioning (r= -0.701; p<0.01) and physical role (r = -0.538; p<0.01) had the highest correlation with depression. Conclusion The evaluation of depressive symptoms after AMI is imperative, because the appearance of symptoms could have an effect on the patient's quality of life.

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between employee participation in the decision-making process (EPDMP) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) while considering the mediating role of affective commitment (AC). Methods: The article is based on primary cross-sectional data collected using questionnaires and applying a convenience sampling method among employees in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The sample consists of 302 employees from 127 companies across multiple industries. Results: First, there is a positive relationship between EPDMP and two dimensions of OCB – organizational citizenship behavior directed at individuals (OCBI) and organizational citizenship behavior directed at the organization (OCBO). Second, the findings suggest that AC mediates the relationship between EPDMP and OCBI and OCBO. Furthermore, OCBI is found to mediate the relationship between AC and OCBO. Conclusion: This article extends the literature by introducing the mediating role of AC in the relationship between EPDM and two dimensions of OCB and the mediating role of OCBI in the relationship between AC and OCBO.

Within the immune system, microRNAs (miRNAs) exert key regulatory functions. However, what are the mRNA targets regulated by miRNAs and how miRNAs are transcriptionally regulated themselves remain for the most part unknown. We found that in primary human memory T helper lymphocytes, miR-150 was the most abundantly expressed miRNA, and its expression decreased drastically upon activation, suggesting regulatory roles. Constitutive MIR150 gene expression required the RFX family of transcription factors, and its activation-induced down-regulation was linked to their reduced expression. By performing miRNA pull-down and sequencing experiments, we identified PDGFA-associated protein 1 (PDAP1) as one main target of miR-150 in human T lymphocytes. PDAP1 acted as an RNA-binding protein (RBP), and its CRISPR/Cas-9–mediated deletion revealed that it prominently contributed to the regulation of T-cell proliferation. Overall, using an integrated approach involving quantitative analysis, unbiased genomics, and genome editing, we identified RFX factors, miR-150, and the PDAP1 RBP as the components of a regulatory axis that restrains proliferation of primary human T lymphocytes.

Background: Hypothyroidism occurs as a consequence of chronic autoimmune inflammation of the thyroid gland, which occurs due to the reduced function in the secretion of hormones FT3 and FT4 and requires replacement therapy for life. CoV-19 infection has shown many complications in all organic systems, during the acute phase of infection and in the post COVID period. Objectives: The aim of the study was a) to compare the frequency of patient visits for hypothyroidism and the average dose of levothyroxine in the SANASA polyclinic in the year before COVID pandemic, in the early 2019, with the frequency of patient visits during COVID infection in 2020 and 2021; b) to determine the incidence of hypothyroidism after the COVID 19 infection, the time of onset of hypothyroidism after acute phase of the disease, and the average dose of levothyroxine; and c) to monitor the incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism, which did not require substitution, before and after COVID 19 infection. Methods: In the SANASA polyclinic from the 2019 database we found 58 patients, at the age between 18-70 years, 53 women and 2 men with hypothyroidism and 2 female and 1 male patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. In 2020 there were a total of 89 patients, 73 women and 4 men with hypothyroidism, and 9 women and 3 men with subclinical hypothyroidism. In the 2021 there were 101 patients, 86 women and 7 men with hypothyroidism and 7 female and 1 male patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Results: There was a significant difference in the number of patients with hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism during 2020 and 2021 in relation to 2019. The average dose of levothyroxine per patient did not differ statistically, comparing all three years, as well as comparing those who were ill, compared to patients who did not have COVID-19. There were diagnoses of post COVID subclinical hypothyroidism in 2020, as in 2021, with an average time of diagnosis of 2 months after infection for clinical hypothyroidism and 8 weeks for subclinical hypothyroidism. Conclusion: CoV-19 infection adversely affects thyroid tissue causing clinical hypothyroidism, requiring levothyroxine substitution as well as subclinical hypothyroidism which should be monitored.

The book English in B&H: posh or casual? by Amna Brdarević-Čeljo and Vildana Dubravac makes a significant contribution to the sociolinguistic perspective on the status of English in the world and particularly in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Introducing readers to a wide array of sociolinguistic topics, the authors focus on the variability of English among its users and the prevalent impact of two most prominent world Englishes, namely Standardised British and Standardised American English. The theoretical discussion is further strengthened by research into Bosnian EFL users’ and EL teachers’ preference for one or the other variety in different domains of language use. Taking into consideration both perspectives, the authors ultimately put forward practical suggestions as to how to approach variability and consistency in language education in Bosnia and Herzegovina.