In the present-day environment pertaining to digitalisation, increasing competition on the market and changes in industries, the CRM as a system is an essential tool for success. The issue of CRM system application in higher education institutions is insufficiently researched, especially in the parts that should indicate a clear connection between participants in higher education and CRM in higher education institutions, and factors that decision makers should pay attention to when making decisions about CRM implementation. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to research the functionality, application and advantages of CRM in the higher education sector, and to determine the features that will facilitate effective decision-making on the implementation of CRM. As a result of the research, a proposal for a conceptual model/framework of CRM was presented. The proposal is presented for the purpose of making appropriate decisions for higher education institutions when it comes to developing their own or purchasing a ready-made CRM solution. From the scientific aspect, the paper contributes to the existing literature by providing decision makers with an insight into the structure of the CRM system, its elements, connections and functionalities, as well as a description of the model with the information they need to pay attention to when making decisions.

This study analyzed 16 bisphenols (BPs) in wastewater and sludge samples collected from different stages at a municipal wastewater treatment plant based on sequencing batch reactor technology. It also describes developing an analytical method for determining BPs in the solid phase of activated sludge based on solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Obtained concentrations are converted into mass flows, and the biodegradation of BPs and adsorption to primary and secondary sludge are determined. Ten of the sixteen BPs were present in the influent with concentrations up to 434 ng L−1 (BPS). Only five BPs with concentrations up to 79 ng L−1 (BPA) were determined in the plant effluent, accounting for 8 % of the total BPs determined in the influent. Eleven per cent of the total BPs were adsorbed on primary and secondary sludge. Overall, BPs biodegradation efficiency was 81%. The highest daily emissions via effluent release (1.48 g day−1) and sludge disposal (4.63 g day−1) were for BPA, while total emissions reached 2 g day−1 via effluent and 6 g day−1 via sludge disposal. The data show that the concentrations of BPs in sludge are not negligible, and their environmental emissions should be monitored and further studied.

Students’ learning outcomes in physics are significantly affected by the quality of outside-of-classroom learning experiences. A rich source of these experiences may be the physics homework. In this study, the effects of technologically-rich physics homework were evaluated. To that end a pretest-posttest experimental design has been used. 67 first-year students from the First Bosniak Gymnasium were randomly assigned to one of the three homework approaches. In the control group students received conventional homework about work and energy. Within the simulation-based approach students were expected to interact with simulations to investigate work and energy phenomena, whereas in the video-based approach students learned by analyzing a video in which the teacher interacted with the same simulations as mentioned above. Based on analysis of covariance we could find that the between-group differences on the conceptual posttest were not statistically significant, F(2, 47)=0.59, p=0.56. At the same time, students who learned by interacting with simulations expressed significantly more positive attitudes towards homework, compared to students from the video-based group (mean difference=1.88, p=0.038), as well as compared to students from the conventional group (mean difference=2.02, p=0.03). Simulation-based physics homework may be a powerful tool for helping the students to reach important affective learning outcomes.

We discuss the scope of accreditation presentation in certificates and annexes issued by NABs for calibration laboratories (accredited in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025 [1]) in accordance with ILAC P14:2020 [2], with specific requirements stated in clause 4.3 for expression of measurement uncertainty (expanded uncertainty) regarding the unit. Due to the close link between accreditation, metrology, and standardization, we consult BIPM documents [3] and discuss the practice in metrological institutes when it comes to expressions of expanded uncertainty in order to give another view and arguments on ILAC P14:2020 requirement for expanded uncertainty to be expressed only in terms of measurand's unit. We present our case for the quantity of temperature, in addition to some other physical quantities with similar cases as temperature.

We present different approach in teaching physics for high-school students for various branches of physics, such as thermodynamics, electromagnetism, etc. When we use term “different”, we want to offer complementary approach to the traditional one. This approach involves bringing everyday situations [1], such as drinking tea in a desert, making coffee, etc., to the physics classroom context without theoretical teaching with formulae, laws, and definitions in the beginning or opening of the class. The idea is to develop logical concepts to prepare students for theoretical teaching and introduce formulae to them in order to have a complete frame of specific physical phenomena. Some classes include practical demonstrations [2] where students immerse in discussion and spontaneously involve in growing logical concepts needed for better adoption of definitions, laws, and formulae [3].

A study of the phytochemical and molecular characteristics of ten Micromeria and six Clinopodium taxa (family Lamiaceae) distributed in the Balkan Peninsula was carried out. The phytochemicals detected in essential oils by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and molecular data amplified fragment length polymorphism were used to study the taxonomic relationships among the taxa and the correlations between phytochemical and molecular data. STRUCTURE analysis revealed three genetic groups, while Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure grouped the studied taxa into 11 clusters nested in the groups obtained by STRUCTURE. Principal components analysis performed with the 21 most represented compounds in the essential oils yielded results that were partly consistent with those obtained by STRUCTURE and neighbour-joining analyses. However, their geographic distributions did not support the genetic grouping of the studied taxa and populations. The Mantel test showed a significant correlation between the phytochemical and genetic data (r = 0.421, p < 0.001). Genetic distance explained 17.8% of the phytochemical distance between populations. The current taxonomic position of several of the studied taxa is yet to be satisfactorily resolved, and further studies are needed. Such future research should include nuclear and plastid DNA sequences from a larger sample of populations and individuals.

Background: Myocardial surgical revascularization in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is accompanied by a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate and eliminate the reasons for the most common perioperative and postoperative complications. Methods: A total of 64 were analyzed. of patients during 2019 who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), average age 61.29±9.12 years. Results: Out of the total number of operated patients, there were 16 women and 48 men. Patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of patients who underwent surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (cCABG-CPB) and the second group those who underwent surgery without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (OPCAB). In 41 patients, myocardial infarction was previously recorded. Critical stenosis of the main trunk of the left coronary artery was present in 14 patients. The incidence of postoperative complications was higher in the cCABG-CPB 16/10 group (p0.030). Conclusion: In our study, we confirmed that myocardial revascularization is justified, especially in the case of multivessel coronary disease. In the long term, it significantly improves the systolic function of the left ventricle, and thus and quality and length of life.

Augmented reality (AR) makes it possible to overlay digital content onto our view of real-world phenomena. This potentially facilitates learning of physics by visualizing connections between concrete physics phenomena and abstract physics formalism. Here we present a part of our systematic review of earlier research on the use of augmented reality (AR) in school and university teaching physics topics. Our systematic review includes 60 articles published between 2012 and 2020, indexed in the Scopus and Eric databases. We analyzed the technological properties of AR for different content areas of physics as well as various methodological aspects of earlier AR research in physics education (e.g., educational level of participants, sample size, and research design). It has been shown that AR becomes increasingly popular in the physics education research community.

In recent years of social distance due to the pandemic, augmented reality (AR) with its ability to overlay real phenomena with digital content has become even more attractive for making physics experiments accessible to every student. Therefore, we have recently developed an AR application for Android mobile devices that allows users to study how the gravitational force between two spherical bodies depends on their masses and their mutual distance. The purpose of this study is to investigate students' experience of using this application. To that end, 85 undergraduate students from the University of Zagreb were asked to use our AR application for completing a task related to the concept of gravity. Thereafter, they were administered five open-ended and 30 close-ended questions from three different questionnaires: System Usability Scale (SUS), User Experience (UX), and Handheld Augmented Reality Usability Scale (HARUS). Analysis of students’ responses revealed that students perceived the application as easy to use, consistent, self-explanatory, and enjoyable. Valuable feedback was provided on possible improvements to the application.

Bckground: Aerobic vaginitis is an imbalance of the vaginal flora and the main characteristic is an abnormal vaginal flora that contains aerobic and intestinal pathogens with varying degrees of vaginal inflammation. The frequency of AV varies from 12% to 23.7% in symptomatic women who are not pregnant and 4 to 8% during pregnancy and has an increased risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STI). The causative agents of AV are: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Esherichia coli, group B streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. Objective: The aim of this review was to present the most important features of aerobic vaginitis regarding description of this frequent clinical problems within population in Bosnia and Herzegovina and also worlfwide. Methods: Author analized aerobic vaginitis based on scientific literature by searching published papers in important indexed databases. Results and Discussion: The most frequently isolated AV pathogen is E. faecalis in about 31%. New works indicate the presence of the HPV 16 gene and genome in E. faecalis in the biopsied material of cervical cancer, as well as the ability that HPV 16 genes can be translated and transcribed in these bacteria, and that the HPV gene can form viral particles in these bacteria leads to certain connection that can be a risk factor in the progression of cervical lesions to cancer. A decrease in the number of lactobacilli in the vaginal secretion reduces the defense ability and changes the pH value of the vaginal environment, which favors the development of bacterial inflammation. AV positive for E. faecalis leads to a change in the pH value of the vaginal environment above 5, and the increased pH value of the vaginal environment in HPV positive women can be an association for cervical intraepithelial lesion (CIN). A dominant pathogen in AV such as E. faecalis can reduce the protective effect of lactobacilli by causing inflammation, as well as an increase in IL-6, IL-8 and TNF, increasing the risk of HPV 16 infection resulting in CIN and cervical cancer. In cervical cancer research, the presence of genes and genomes (except E1) of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 was found in bacteria such as: E. faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus from cervical cancer biopsies. Intensive treatment of AV could be a very important factor in preventing the onset of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. The recommended treatment of AV includes a combination of therapy such as: antibacterial (antiseptic and antibiotic), hormonal, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and/or probiotics, which can be prescribed in the form of local or systemic therapy. Conclusion: There is no generally accepted clinical strategy for the treatment of AV caused by E. faecalis. Most authors suggest that therapy be based on microscopic or microbiological findings using a topical antibiotic for the infectious agent, a topical steroid to reduce inflammation, and estrogen to treat atrophy.

Abstract This paper investigated the opportunities for public sector improvement by digitalization Financial Management and Control (FMC) system in the Western Balkans (WB) countries. Optimizing business processes within public sector through the digitalization of the FMC system offers opportunities for public sector improvement. The idea is to analyze the existing legal solutions on FMC system in the WB countries and evaluate the current level of digitalization of the system to find the abilities for improvement FMC. The data obtained through an interview with management persons in the Ministry of Finance of the WB Countries and key experts who worked on behalf of the EU as expert consultants on EU-funded projects. Also, we use secondary data collected by exploring literature and OECD reports. Since the database is limited, we use descriptive statistics to analyze the data and the case-study method. The digitalization of the entire system presented only at the entity and state level in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research showed that the development of a quality FMC system can be enabled by the digitalization of the entire system. The main contribution of this paper is its focus on digitalization of FMC system, since there is limited research paper on this subject.

Abstract Food conveys the sense of a place, and it encapsulates both the natural and cultural meanings that locals attach to their culinary heritages. Food tourism contributes to the sustainable development of destinations because food-based activities are part of sustainable tourism practices. Sarajevo is becoming an increasingly popular gastronomic destination. The purpose of this research is to analyse the food image of the city of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, as a relevant issue for food tourism sustainable development in urban environments. To achieve it, this resear ch understands restaurants as a food tourism attraction. To analyse how a destination promotes food identity, this article draws from a content analysis of 16 menus from restaurants located in the four municipalities of the city of Sarajevo. Results rev eal to what extent local restaurants offer menus based on local foods and drinks that represent Bosnian-Herzegovinian cuisine. In particul ar, the research contributes to understanding food tourism in cities, and how restaurants can be crucial in developing and promoting sustainable tourism.