This paper analyses the statistical parameters that give a comprehensive overview of the socio-demographic state of the border areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and it represents a novel attempt to examine the disparity and relationships between central and peripheral parts of national territory. The methodology is based on examining the differences between border and non-border municipalities/cities according to four groups of indicators, to obtain four indices: depopulation, natural change, ageing and education. Statistically significant differences were found primarily in the context of population age structure, and it can be concluded that the ageing process has affected bordering regions more than the rest of the country.

Over 700 bike-sharing systems are currently in operation worldwide, and the number of systems has grown quickly in recent years. Rwanda's bike-sharing system has only recently begun operations and has encountered numerous challenges. The current study used an Ordinal Priority Approach (OPA) to examine these challenges and provide an acceptable strategy for overcoming them. Five strategies have been established. These strategies are prioritized using four criteria. The results indicate that “theft” and “damage of some bikes when being returned” are the most critical challenges while the first alternative “improving the current bike infrastructure to better serve the bike share system” is the appropriate strategy to overcome these challenges for a successful operation of the bike share system. Taking into account the findings, recommendations were provided to help local administrative bodies handle these challenges.

Sulphur in steel is an undesirable element because it lowers all technological and uses values of steel products. During the steelmaking process, the desulphurization process depends on the thermodynamic conditions, the used desulphurizes, and the stability of the formed sulphides. The desulphurization technology in the production of low-carbon steel in a protective atmosphere, with the addition of synthetic slag and strong desulphurizing agents with additional argon blowing, is presented in this paper. The reduction of sulphur content achieved in the induction furnace is an important contribution to the technology of the production of low-carbon steels.

Steel X8CrNiS18-9 (standard EN 10088-3: 2005) is the most commonly used from the group of austenitic stainless steel in terms of machinability. The content of sulphur present in the steel from 0,15 to 0,35% has the exclusive task to improve the machinability. However, while sulphur improves machinability it simultaneously reduces the resistance of steel to corrosion but also affects the decrease in mechanical properties particularly steel toughness. Due to its harmful effect on the steel, as well as the fact that the non-metallic inclusions are insufficiently tested for this type of high-alloy steel the aim of this study is to determine the appropriate microalloying possibility to modify the non-metallic inclusions. The aim of this work is that explore the influence of boron, zirconium, and tellurium on the impact toughness of the mentioned steel. Change of impact toughness, depending on the chemical composition of the steel is simulated with the Matlab program.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of some novel anthropometric indices and adipocytokines to evaluate CV risk among T2DM patients. Methods: A total of 112 patients (men, 57; women, 55) with T2DM visiting Family Medicine and Endocrine counseling in the area of Health centers of Sarajevo Canton were included in this study. The sera samples were analyzed for fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, lipid profile parameters, adiponectin, and resistin levels. The Adiponectin/Resistin Index (A/R Index) was estimated using the formula. The novel anthropometric measurements, including the Conicity index (CI), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), and Body adiposity index (BAI) were estimated. The 10-year risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) and fatal coronary heart disease (fCHD) is calculated by using UKPDS Risk software. Results: The adiponectin was shown as a statistically significant negative association with CHD in female subjects, and the A/R index as a statistically significant association with CHD and fCHD in male subjects. The AVI is superior to the CI, LAP, VAI, and BAI in assessing cardiometabolic risk in T2DM patients. Conclusions: Our study indicated that measuring adiponectin and A/R index, together with measuring AVI as a measure of general volume, can be used as surrogates in the evaluation of high cardiovascular risk among T2DM patients.

In this paper, the influence of four factors on the forces during cutting, especially on the friction force was investigated. These factors are water quantity in MQL, speed, depth, and feed rate. In this study, the optimization of those factors to find their optimal combination for obtaining minimal intensity friction force has been looked into. The null hypothesis is that by using the MQL technique, the friction force can be significantly reduced. The experiment was planned using Taguchis L9 design of experiments. The study included performing the machining of the workpiece through different combinations of levels for the spindle speed, feed rate, amount of water, and depth of cut as the main parameters.

Background and Objectives: Patient satisfaction with health care can influence health care-seeking behavior in relation to both minor or major health problems or influence communication and compliance with medical advice, which is especially important in emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, it is important to continually monitor patient satisfaction with provided care and their dynamics. The aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction with health care during the COVID-19 pandemic in the adult population of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H) and compare it with levels of satisfaction in the same population before the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A representative, population-based survey was implemented in the adult population of the FB&H using the EUROPEP instrument, which measures satisfaction with health care using 23 items. The sample included 740 respondents who were 18 years or older residing in the FB&H and was implemented in December 2020. All data were collected using a system of online panels. The survey questions targeted the nine months from the beginning of the pandemic to the time of data collection, i.e., the period of March to December 2020. Results: The mean composite satisfaction score across all 23 items of the EUROPEP tool was 3.2 points in all age groups; the ceiling effect was 22% for the youngest respondents (18–34 years old), 23% for 35–54 years old, and 26% for the oldest group (55+), showing increasing satisfaction by age. The overall composite score for both females and males was 3.2. The ceiling effect was higher in those with chronic disease (29% vs. 23% in those without chronic disease). The composite mean score for respondents residing in rural vs. urban areas was 3.2 with a ceiling effect of 22% in rural and 24% in urban residents. When comparing mean composite scores surveyed at various points in time in the FB&H, it was found that the score increased from 3.3 to 3.5 between 2011 and 2017 and dropped again to 3.3 in this study. Despite these observations in the overall trends of satisfaction scores, we note that no statistically significant differences were observed between most of the single-item scores in the stratified analysis, pointing to the relative uniformity of satisfaction among the analyzed population subgroups. Conclusions: The rate of satisfaction with health care services in the FB&H was lower during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to 2011 and 2017. Furthermore, while an increasing trend in satisfaction with health care was observed in the FB&H during the years prior to 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to the reversal of this trend. It is important to further monitor the dynamics of patient satisfaction with health care, which could serve as a basis for planning, delivering, and maintaining quality services during the COVID-19 pandemic and other emergencies.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative haematological malignancy characterized by constitutive activation of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase in the majority of patients. BCR-ABL1 expression activates signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival. Current treatment options for CML include tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) with resistance as a major issue. Various treatment options for overcoming resistance are being investigated. Among them, phytochemical curcumin could play an important role. Curcumin has been found to exhibit anti-cancerous effects in various models, including CML, through regulation of multiple molecular signaling pathways contributing to tumorigenesis. We have evaluated curcumin’s effects on imatinib-sensitive LAMA84S and K562, as well as imatinib-resistant LAMA84R cell lines. Our results indicate a significant dose-dependent decrease in cell viability and proliferation of imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant cell lines after curcumin treatment. Suppression of key signaling molecules regulating metabolic and proliferative events, such as Akt, P70S6K and NF-kB, was observed. Increased expression of caspase-3 suggests the potential pro-apoptotic effect of curcumin in the imatinib-resistant CML model. Additional in silico molecular docking studies revealed binding modes and affinities of curcumin with different targets and the results are in accordance with in vitro findings. Altogether, these results indicate the potential role of curcumin in the treatment of CML.

The paper discusses the visual response to text as a reading strategy employed to determine which parts or main ideas of the text the reader focuses on while reading. It starts with an assumption that every reading is a unique experience to which readers bring their previous experiences, cultural and social backgrounds, as well as general or specific knowledge. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to provide a better insight into active reading (Carillo 2017) and present results of a case study that, through visual responses to reading, also addresses text processing in a multimodal setting. The methodological framework comprises a visual response task that requires that the readers draw or sketch a visual interpretation of the text. In this way, sketching in response to reading is used as a complementary component and a visualization tool in the reading process (Wilhelm 1995; Fernandes 2018). Based on the results of the research, it is proposed that visual response to reading can be used to enhance multimodal creativity, and vocabulary acquisition and fully immerse readers in the reading process.

For any society that strives for growth and development, focus on quality education is of particular importance. With the adoption of the Lisbon strategy in 2000, the European Union (EU) started an upward trajectory towards the most competitive economy in the world. Cooperation in education has become an important instrument for mutual understanding and sharing of European values. This cooperation is supported with numerous relevant policy strategies, action plans, available statistical data, evaluation reports, road maps, thematic working groups and programmes, special network structures and idea exchange platforms within the EU. Key relevant strategies, plans and respective indicators are analyzed in this paper. Special attention is given to progress in candidate and potential candidate countries with regards to recommendations and goals of EU. It is concluded that more effort of the educational authorities is needed in all countries and one of the areas that needs to be further developed is evidence based policy making in education.

The collection of short stories Pobune was mainly analyzed from a literary theoretical perspective. The paper deals with the linguistic analysis of phrasemes modifications and the expansion of phrasemes in the mentioned work. The paper distinguishes between phrasemes modifications and phrasemes variations. Since the term phrasemes in modern phraseology is interpreted in different ways, this paper will analyze those phrasemes that have at least two autosemantic words in their composition, at least one of which has a transferred meaning. In the excerpted corpus, no author's modifications of idioms resulting from the reduction or condensation of certain lexemes were found, but only idioms created by expanding/adding lexemes that affected the modified meanings of those idioms. The aim of the work is the analysis of the author's phrasemes, finding synonymous phrasemes in consulted sources and giving meaning to those author's phrasemes that have not been recorded in both phraseological and general dictionaries of the Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian languages, but also in other consulted sources. Structurally and semantically modified phrasemes are found in the analyzed corpus. The recorded examples of idioms in the five short stories were used only once, and their unrepeatability also affects their more expressive value. The analyzed examples of the author's modifications of phrasemes are an indicator of the writer's ability to make recorded phrasemes more expressive, to change their meanings, and to construct new phrasemes that were not recorded.

This text is a review of a book Mujo Koštić's Lexicon of Elementary School Teachers in Sarajevo from 1878 to 1918, Sarajevo: National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2020.

This paper contains an analysis of the selected scenes from the play Krokodil Lacoste / Silvertown by Zlatko Topčić. The play won the “Alija Isaković” award in 2010, while the Cultural Association of Bosniaks Preporod published its dual Bosnian and English edition in 2016. The segments are analyzed parallelly in Bosnian and English for the purpose of observing the level of functional equivalence in the target text. The analysis entails extralinguistic and linguistic categories in accordance with the model developed by Hatim and Mason (1990) and later expanded by Zhang et al. (2015). The extralinguistic category includes, among others, the culture-translation relationship, and the linguistic category entails three dimensions: communicative, pragmatic, and semiotic. The analysis in this case includes the communicative and semiotic components.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been associated with changes in volatile metabolic profiles in several human biological matrices. This enables its non-invasive detection, but the origin of these volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their relation to the gut microbiome are not yet fully understood. This systematic review provides an overview of the current understanding of this topic. A systematic search using PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science according to PRISMA guidelines resulted in seventy-one included studies. In addition, a systematic search was conducted that identified five systematic reviews from which CRC-associated gut microbiota data were extracted. The included studies analyzed VOCs in feces, urine, breath, blood, tissue, and saliva. Eight studies performed microbiota analysis in addition to VOC analysis. The most frequently reported dysregulations over all matrices included short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, proteolytic fermentation products, and products related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and Warburg metabolism. Many of these dysregulations could be related to the shifts in CRC-associated microbiota, and thus the gut microbiota presumably contributes to the metabolic fingerprint of VOC in CRC. Future research involving VOCs analysis should include simultaneous gut microbiota analysis.