Abstract Recent advances in surgical technology and innovative techniques have revolutionized surgical gynecology, including transcervical hysteroscopic procedures. Surgical lasers (Nd-Yag, Argon, diode, and CO2 lasers) have been promoted to remove a variety of gynecological pathologies. For hysteroscopic surgery, the diode laser represents the most versatile and feasible innovation, with simultaneous cut and coagulate action, providing improved hemostasis compared with CO2 laser. The newest diode laser devices exhibit increased power and a dual wavelength, to work precisely with reduced thermal dispersion and minimal damage to surrounding tissues. Their efficacy and safety have been validated both in the hospitals as well as in the office setting. Updated evidence reports that several hysteroscopic procedures, including endometrial polypectomies, myomectomies and metroplasties can be successfully performed with a diode laser. Therefore, this review aimed to give a deeper understanding of the role of laser energy in gynecology and subsequently in hysteroscopy in order to safely incorporate this technology into clinical practice.

PurposeThis paper aims to develop preliminary damage scenarios for unreinforced masonry buildings located in low to moderate seismic hazard areas in Algeria, taking into account the specific site effects.Design/methodology/approachThree soil types were considered in this analysis according to the definition of the Algerian seismic code (RPA99/2003). Peak ground acceleration values were assigned to each soil type issued from a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). To highlight the effect of soil conditions on the seismic vulnerability analysis of masonry buildings, a site vulnerability increment is carried out, and the macroseismic Risk-UE method has been adopted and applied by developing two main seismic scenarios according to both return periods of the PSHA, 100 and 475 years, respectively.FindingsBased on the preliminary results of rock site condition, it can be outlined that the significant damage obtained for different earthquake scenarios discovered a substantial worldwide seismic risk to the building stock of the study area. Once the site effect is integrated into the analysis, more high values of vulnerability indexes and expected damages are obtained. Moreover, it can be concluded that soft soil (S3) is a little bit more influential than stiff soil (S2) on the final vulnerability index compared to (S1). However, the difference between the soil effect S2 and S3 on the vulnerability index can be neglected.Research limitations/implicationsResearchers are encouraged to test the mechanical approaches for more detailed outcomes of a specific building analysis.Practical implicationsThis research proves to the Algerian decision-makers that due to the site effects and the vulnerability of the masonry buildings, an urgent intervention program is required even for existing buildings located in low to moderate seismic hazard areas.Originality/valueSeveral seismic vulnerability types of research have been conducted in Algeria for the unreinforced masonry buildings in moderate to high seismic areas in which generally the soil effect is neglected. In this context, this research paper proves that due to the site effects and the vulnerability of the masonry buildings, special attention is required even for existing buildings located in low to moderate seismic hazard areas. With this conclusion, the requirement of taking into account the soli effect in the high seismic areas is even more pronounced and should be conducted.

Cancer is an evolutionary process, and an evolutionary framework can be used to decipher cancer initiation, progression and treatment resistance. In the context of VHL disease with repeat evolution of malignancies across different tissue contexts we can examine the factors that constrain tumour evolution. In the largest analysis of VHL-related tumours to date (1321 tumours across 132 patients), we observe the second hits on the background of germline VHL mutation vary and include loss of chromosome 3p, narrow deletion of VHL locus, VHL mutation or methylation. Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL) and solid renal tumours show a higher frequency of 3p loss, while pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) and renal cysts, exhibited a higher frequency of somatic VHL mutations, without 3p loss. Tumour size and progression were contingent on the nature of the second hit, suggesting potential evolutionary "dead-ends" where the tumor initiating event does not involve 3p loss. The type of germline VHL mutation (whether a complete deletion or missense) determined the distribution of cancers and their burden, but beyond this, multiple renal tumours in individual patients did not converge onto the same trajectory. This observation suggests that following malignant transformation evolutionary contingency and chance dominate tumour evolution. Metastases from renal tumours were driven by loss of chromosomes 9p and 14q, reminiscent of sporadic renal tumours, suggesting that acquisition of metastatic competence is associated with a high degree of bottlenecking and highlighting these events as important targets for metastasis prevention. Citation Format: Scott Shepherd, Alex Coulton, Cathy Vocke, Chris Ricketts, Marston Linehan, Samra Turajlic. The cell of origin is the dominant constraint in evolution of VHL related neoplasms [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Kidney Cancer Research; 2023 Jun 24-27; Austin, Texas. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(16 Suppl):Abstract nr IA025.

U radu su predstavljene vannastavne aktivnosti učenika u svim osnovnim i srednjim školama Kantona Sarajevo. Autori iznose podatke o nazivima aktivnosti, broju učenika koji su uključeni u ovaj vid odgojno-obrazovnog rada s posebnim osvrtom na uključenost učenika s teškoćama u razvoju. Cilj rada je prezentirati ulogu i značaj vannastavnih aktivnosti za učenike kao pozitivan i dobar primjer provođenja slobodnog vremena, koje, pritom, trebaju biti dostupne i prilagođene potrebama i interesovanjima svakog djeteta u našim školama. Institut za razvoj preduniverzitetskog obrazovanja Kantona Sarajevo u tom smislu pravi iskorak. Donošenjem dokumenta Opća metodologija o registraciji vannastavnih i posebnih programa ciljano i sistemski djeluje, prilagođavajući vannastvne aktivnosti podjednako svim učenicima. U zaključnim razmatranjima autori ističu kako vannastavne aktivnosti u školama nisu u dovoljnoj mjeri dostupne učenicima s teškoćama u razvoju. U skladu s time preporučuju i adekvatna rješenja za njihovo uključivanje u sve vannastavne aktivnosti shodno djetetovim mogućnostima.

Izvršne funkcije (IF) su svrsihodne ka cilju usmjerene aktivnosti. Razvojni profil djeteta predškolske dobi kreira se procjenom kroz pet razvojnih područja: kognitivno, komunikacijsko, socioemocionalno, fizičko i adaptivno ponašanje. Cilj ovog istraživanje je utvrditi uticaj različitih komponenti IF na razvojne domene djece sa poteškoćama u razvoju predškolske dobi (DPR) i uporediti ih sa djecom neurotipičnog razvoja (DTR), te ispitati uticaj socioekonomskog statusa porodice na razvoj IF. Metode: Uzorak je obuhvatio 120 djece iz redovnnih i specijaliziranih predškolskih ustanova iz Bosne i Hercegovine. Starosna dob djece je pet i šest godina. Socioekonoomski status je ispitan kroz stručnu spremu roditelja i uzorak čine roditelji DPR i to 28 roditelja sa visokom stručnom spremom (VSS) i 32 roditelja sa srednjom stručnom spremom (SSS), te roditelji DTR 25 roditelja sa VSS i 35 roditelja sa SSS. Instrumenti: Profili djece ispitani su Razvojnom procjenom male djece (Developmental Assessment of Young Children, DAYC-2, Swartmiller 2014), a izvršne funkcije pomoću predškolske verzije Inventara za procjenu izvršnih funkcija (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions; BRIEF-a, Giola et al., 2003). Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na postojanje značajno nižih statističkih povezanosti IF sa domenima razvoja kod DPR u odnosu na TPR. Kod DPR postoji statistički značajna povezanost u korist roditelja sa VSS u komponentama: preusmjeravanje (t=-2,53; p=0,01), emocionalna kontrola (t=-2,46; p=0,01), a kod DTR inhibicija (t=2,26; p=0,02), emocionalna kontrola (t=2,26; p=0,05) i radna memorija (t=2,51; p=0,01). Zaključak: Istraživanje pokazuju različitu povezanost IF i razvojnih domena kod DPR i DTR. Djeca višeg socioekonomskog statusa pokazuju povezanost sa više komponenti IF.

As the field of special education continually evolves, special education teachers must stay current with emerging trends and engage in ongoing professional development. The present review aims to synthesize existing research on the professional development of special education teachers. A search was conducted using the Web of Science and Scopus databases to locate relevant articles. In total, 63 articles satisfied the inclusion requirements for this review. We identified several important topics related to the professional development of special education teachers, including inclusive education, assistive technologies collaboration with other professionals, and instructional methods. The findings from this review have the potential to guide the design and implementation of tailored professional development programs and inform policy decisions related to the ongoing education of special education teachers.

U današnje vrijeme stariji ljudi su često percipirani kroz prizmu onoga što više ne mogu da rade, umjesto shvatanja starijih osoba kao svojevrsnih potencijala i resursa koji se još uvijek mogu razvijati i doprinositi društvenoj zajednici. Upravo iz ovih razloga jako je važno raditi na povećanju svijesti društa o mogućnostima ali i potrebama starih osoba koje nisu u mogućnosti sebi obezbijediti. Postoje različiti oblici zaštite ove populacije. Jedan od pristupa jeste i intitucionalni smještaj, koji pruža veliki broj usluga starijim osobama uključujući, zdravstvnu, socijalnu i psihološku podršku tokom dužeg vremenskog perioda. Cilj rada je ispitati nivo funkcionalnih kompetencija i smislenih aktivnosti kao važnih indikatora kvalitete života osoba smještenih u Dom penzionera, Tuzla. Za potrebe istraživanja uzorkom je obuhvaćeno ukupno 35 (N=35) osoba, od čega je 12 (N=12) ispitanika muškog, dok je 23 (N=23) ispitanika ženskog spola. Starosna dob ispitanika kreće se od od 65 do 90 godina starosti. Istraživanje je trajalo od januara do aprila 2023. godine, bilo je anonimno i na dobrovoljnoj osnovi. Mjerni instrument korišten u istraživanju je dio Ljestvice procjene kvalitete života među korisnicima domova za starije (Quality Of Life (QOL) Upitnik), verzija 2.0 (Kane, 2001). Ljestivca je Likertovog tipa. Podaci su obrađeni metodom deskriptivne statistike. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je korisnicima starijm osobama koje su na institucionalnom smještaju potrebno više podrške u ostvarivanju funkcionalnih kompetencija i smislenih aktivnosti. Većina ispitanika navodi da bi njihov kvalitet života poboljšalo kada bi češće izlazili vani i provodili vrijeme na otvorenom prostoru.

Upon entering a home for the elderly, a person may feel rejected by their relatives and friends. That is why the support of the social pedagogue is very important for them when they enter the institution, the way of communication, familiarization with the rights and obligations in the institution, but their better functioning. The aim of the paper is to examine the role of the social pedagogue in relation to other employees in institutions for housing the elderly, and to examine the significance of the social pedagogue for the functioning and assistance in the adaptation of users when entering an institution for the housing of the elderly. 100 respondents participated in the research. For the purposes of the research, two measuring instruments were used: the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support - MSPSS and the HCAHPS Survey. The results of the research show that the social pedagogue is an important support link for the elderly, and that he has the competencies and knowledge to work with the elderly, considering their personality structure. The results of the t-test (t=4.778; df=87; p=0.000) show that there is a statistically significant difference in relation to the adaptation of users and the professional competence of social pedagogues who play a crucial role in facilitating the adaptation of users of the home.

Ova studija ima za cilj analizirati znanje i vještine nastavnika u sjevernoj Makedoniji, Srbiji i Bosni i Hercegovini za rad s vizualno oštećenim učenicima u redovnim školama. Studija se temelji na anketi provedenoj među nastavnicima koji rade s vizualno oštećenim učenicima u redovnim školama u tri zemlje. Anketa ima za cilj utvrditi nivo znanja i vještina nastavnika u područjima vizualnog oštećenja, strategijama poučavanja i pomoćnim tehnologijama. Studija je pokazala da nastavnici u redovnim školama u sjevernoj Makedoniji, Srbiji i Bosni i Hercegovini imaju ograničeno znanje i vještine u radu s vizualno oštećenim učenicima. Rezultati studije naglašavaju potrebu za sistematskim pristupom osiguravanju obuke i podrške nastavnicima u redovnim školama u sjevernoj Makedoniji, Srbiji i Bosni i Hercegovini. Važno je povećati znanje i vještine nastavnika u radu s vizualno oštećenim učenicima kako bi se stvorilo inkluzivno okruženje. Rezultati ove studije imaju implikacije za donositelje odluka, odgojno-obrazovne radnike i istraživače koji rade na stvaranju inkluzivnog obrazovnog sistema koji se prilagođava potrebama svih učenika, uključujući vizualno oštećene učenike. Studija doprinosi postojećem tijelu znanja o obrazovanju vizualno oštećenih učenika u balkanskoj regiji i naglašava važnost uloge nastavnika u redovnim školama u stvaranju inkluzivnog obrazovnog sistema.

Objective: Identifying disability-related brain changes is important for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Currently, there is no clear understanding about which pathological features drive disability in single MS patients. In this work, we propose a novel comprehensive approach, GAMER-MRIL, leveraging whole-brain quantitative MRI (qMRI), convolutional neural network (CNN), and an interpretability method from classifying MS patients with severe disability to investigating relevant pathological brain changes. Methods: One-hundred-sixty-six MS patients underwent 3T MRI acquisitions. qMRI informative of microstructural brain properties was reconstructed, including quantitative T1 (qT1), myelin water fraction (MWF), and neurite density index (NDI). To fully utilize the qMRI, GAMER-MRIL extended a gated-attention-based CNN (GAMER-MRI), which was developed to select patch-based qMRI important for a given task/question, to the whole-brain image. To find out disability-related brain regions, GAMER-MRIL modified a structure-aware interpretability method, Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP), to incorporate qMRI. Results: The test performance was AUC=0.885. qT1 was the most sensitive measure related to disability, followed by NDI. The proposed LRP approach obtained more specifically relevant regions than other interpretability methods, including the saliency map, the integrated gradients, and the original LRP. The relevant regions included the corticospinal tract, where average qT1 and NDI significantly correlated with patients' disability scores ($\rho$=-0.37 and 0.44). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that GAMER-MRIL can classify patients with severe disability using qMRI and subsequently identify brain regions potentially important to the integrity of the mobile function. Significance: GAMER-MRIL holds promise for developing biomarkers and increasing clinicians' trust in NN.

Savremeni trendovi u zapošljavanju kandidata na otvorenom tržištu rada podrazumijevaju sve veću zastupljenost menadžera ljudskih resursa i regrutera u kompanijama, potencijalnim poslodavcima, koji su koordinatori procesa pronalaska, intervjuiranja, selekcije i zapošljavanja radnika. Kako su oni, sve češće, prve karike u lancu zapošljavanja i za osobe s invaliditetom, cilj ovog istraživanja je ispitati percepciju regrutera i menadžera ljudskih resursa o najprimjerenijim oblicima zapošljavanja i teškoćama pri zapošljavanju osoba s invaliditetom. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na prigodnom uzorku koji je sačinjavalo 18 ispitanika oba spola, s područja Hercegovačko-neretvanskog (33,3%), Tuzlanskog (11,1%) i Kantona Sarajevo (55,6%), primjenom Upitnika o mišljenju poslodavaca o radu i zapošljavanju osoba s invaliditetom (Kozjak i Lapat, 2018). Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da regruteri i menadžeri ljudskih resursa uglavnom imaju pozitivna mišljenja i percepciju prema zapošljavanju osoba s invaliditetom. Najveće frekvencije percipiranih teškoća pri zapošljavanju osoba sa invaliditetom se odnose na pojedine varijable u područjima komunikacije s osobama s invaliditetom i prilagodbe radnog mjesta, dok se radna efikasnost osobe s invaliditetom i utjecaj osobe s invaliditetom na druge uposlenike ne percipiraju kao teškoće za zapošljavanje osoba s invaliditetom. Postojanje statistički značajnih razlika najviše je utvrđeno u odnosu na djelatnost kompanije u kojoj su zaposleni ispitanici. Rezultati također pokazuju da regruteri i menadžeri ljudskih resursa percipiraju zapošljavanje na otvorenom tržištu rada najprimjerenijim oblikom zapošljavanja osoba s invaliditetom, te da nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike u odnosu na djelatnost kompanije u kojoj su zaposleni ili prethodno osobno i profesionalno iskustvo s osobama s invaliditetom.

Vođenje je važna odrednica kvalitetnog funkcioniranja i perspektive razvoja predškolske ustanove. Kvalitetno vođenje i funkcioniranje predškolske ustanove ne ovisi samo o jednoj osobi, nego o cijelom kolektivu. U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja mišljenja odgajatelja, ravnatelja i stručnih suradnika o utjecaju kvalitete odnosa na kulturu ustanove, raspodjeli prava i odgovornosti u njihovim ustanovama, načinu donošenja odluka, ulozi ravnatelja i značaju vođenja, potpore i uvažavanja mišljenja u postizanju kvalitetnijih suradničkih odnosa. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 122 ispitanika iz devet predškolskih ustanova Zeničko-dobojskog kantona. Kao istraživački postupci primijenjeni su anketiranje, procjenjivanje i prosuđivanje, uz odgovarajuće instrumente (upitnici i skale stavova). Primijenjene metode u istraživanju su: metoda teorijske analize, deskriptivno-analitička i servey metoda. Rezultati su pokazali da kvalitetni odnosi uposlenika pozitivno utječu na kulturu predškolske ustanove te da većina ispitanika smatra da je za rad potrebno kvalitetno vođenje i potpora. Potvrđeno je da kvaliteta rada ustanove ovisi o spremnosti rukovodstva na suodlučivanje i dijeljenje prava i odgovornosti sa svim uposlenicima, što u konačnici sve uposlenike dovodi u ravnopravan odnos.Vjerojatnost uspješnoga rješavanja problema veća je ukoliko ga rješava veći broj ljudi sa zajedničkim ciljem. Istaknuta je potreba za pravednom raspodjelom odgovornosti i zajedničkim rješavanjem problema. Ukupni rezultati svih ustanova pokazali su da je potrebno angažiranje svih uposlenih na izgradnji suradničkih odnosa kako bi se postiglo unaprjeđenje kvalitete rada predškolske ustanove.

Background The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of radiomics predictions for a range of molecular, genomic and clinical targets in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and demonstrate the impact of novel feature selection strategies and sub-segmentations on model interpretability. Methods Contrast-enhanced CT scans from the first 101 patients recruited to the TRACERx Renal Cancer study (NCT03226886) were used to derive radiomics classification models to predict 20 molecular, histopathology and clinical target variables. Manual 3D segmentation was used in conjunction with automatic sub-segmentation to generate radiomics features from the core, rim, high and low enhancing sub-regions, and the whole tumour. Comparisons were made between two classification model pipelines: a Conventional pipeline reflecting common radiomics practice, and a Proposed pipeline including two novel feature selection steps designed to improve model interpretability. For both pipelines nested cross-validation was used to estimate prediction performance and tune model hyper-parameters, and permutation testing was used to evaluate the statistical significance of the estimated performance measures. Further model robustness assessments were conducted by evaluating model variability across the cross-validation folds. Results Classification performance was significant ( p  < 0.05, H_0:AUROC = 0.5) for 11 of 20 targets using either pipeline and for these targets the AUROCs were within ± 0.05 for the two pipelines, except for one target where the Proposed pipeline performance increased by > 0.1. Five of these targets (necrosis on histology, presence of renal vein invasion, overall histological stage, linear evolutionary subtype and loss of 9p21.3 somatic alteration marker) had AUROC > 0.8. Models derived using the Proposed pipeline contained fewer feature groups than the Conventional pipeline, leading to more straightforward model interpretations without loss of performance. Sub-segmentations lead to improved performance and/or improved interpretability when predicting the presence of sarcomatoid differentiation and tumour stage. Conclusions Use of the Proposed pipeline, which includes the novel feature selection methods, leads to more interpretable models without compromising prediction performance. Trial registration NCT03226886 (TRACERx Renal)

A state-of-the-art large eddy simulation code has been developed to solve compressible flows in turbomachinery. The code has been en-gineered with a high degree of scalability, enabling it to effectively leverage the many-core architecture of the new Sunway system. A consistent performance of 115.8 DP-PFLOPs has been achieved on a high-pressure turbine cascade consisting of over 1.69 billion mesh elements and 865 billion Degree of Freedoms (DOFs). By leveraging a high-order unstructured solver and its portability to large hetero-geneous parallel systems, we have progressed towards solving the