Background: Long jump are cyclic-acyclic movements of maximum intensity. It is a discipline that combines speed and jump in technique, that is, the speed-strength properties of competitors. Speed, agility and explosiveness are of special importance in jumpers. The main goal of the research is to determine the influence of Body height (BH) and Body weight (BW) with the best achieved results of Long jump. Material and methods: In study included 21 top male jumpers (BH=184.19±4.68cm; BW=78.86±6.81kg). Their achieved best results were analyzed. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between body height and body weight and the results of long jumpers. Univariate model of regression analysis was applied and the relevant coefficients were calculated. The level of acceptance of statistical significance was set to p<0.05. Results: Simple regression analysis did not show a statistically significant effect of Body height on the results in the long jump (BH vs. Long jump R=0.183; p>0.05), while Body weight confirmed a significant inverse relationship with the results of the jump (BW vs. Long jump R= - 0.442; p<0.05). Conclusion: Long jumpers contain a large percentage of active muscle mass that integrates and generates motor explosive abilities for the success of long jumpers, primarily strength and speed, which is confirmed by the results of the study. However, a good jump technique is also necessary, but with optimal body weight, because any increase in weight has a negative effect on the length of the long jump.

Here, from macrophylogeographic mtDNA empirical data, we propose a scenario for the evolution and speciation of two important forest trees, European black pine and Scotch pine, and their multiple subspecies and varieties. Molecular clock simulations revealed that INDEL variability in the Pinus mitochondrial genome is relatively old, i.e., from the Pliocene-Miocene epoch, and related to historical tectonic continental fluctuations rather than to climate change at a large geographic scale. For conservation and management biodiversity program recommendations, special attention is given to the relationships between different speciation models, historical migration patterns, and differences between peripheral and central populations. Species evolution involves the mixing of different speciation modes, and every speciation mode has different effects on different DNA types (e.g., mitochondrial vs. chloroplast vs. nuclear DNA). The misbalance between the contributions of different meta-population census sizes vs. effective population sizes to asymmetric migration patterns is the result of different genotypes (and subphylogenetic lines) responding to selection pressure and adaptive evolution. We propose initial minimal size of conservation unit (between 3 and 5 ha) from central and marginal natural area of distribution for both species in the dynamic management system for practical forest genetic diversity management. The proposed physical sizes were determined by the effective population size, effective radius of seed distribution data, forest density age dynamics, succession pattern, natural selection pressing and species biology [R-17].

Strontium (Sr) and sodium (Na) are the most used modifiers in the aluminum casting industry. Both lose their concentration (fade) during holding in the melting furnace. Three types of chemical reactions in the melt may cause modifier fading: vaporizing, oxidizing, or reacting with some other elements from the melt. Due to Na and Sr’s very low vapor pressure, their vaporization from the aluminum melt was excluded as a reason for the modifiers’ fading. Oxidation looks like the major chemical reaction that causes the fading of Na and Sr from an aluminum melt. The present paper aimed to quantify the fading of Na and Sr in an Al–Si–Cu–Mg alloy. The loss of modifiers (Na and Sr) during melt holding in a furnace can be analytically quantified using equations taken from the literature. The calculated surface reaction rate constant (ks) can estimate the modifier’s loss during melt holding in industrial and laboratory furnaces.

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus represent a global problem in public health, and the incidence of diabetic foot is constantly increasing Patients with diabetes have a tendency to infections, due to previously present neuropathy, vascular insufficiency, as well as neutrophil dysfunction. The most important risk factor is the existence of peripheral neuropathy, and it is present in 30% to 50% of patients with diabetes. The foot becomes sensitive to trauma as a result of sensory, motor and autonomic dysfunction, and there is excessive pressure in the deformed foot, also the development of ischemia. Case  report. A 59-year-ol male patient sought medical help at the Clinic of Emergency Medicine of the Clinical Center in Sarajevo. He had edematous ulcers on the foot of his right leg. On the first day of therapy, the antibiotic amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, 875/125 mf film-coated tablets were included. Ulcerative formation on the injured finger healed relatively slowly in the first five days of therapy, so from the sixth day of therapy, another broad-spectrum antibiotic per os was included, for synergistic effects: metronidazole 500 mg tablets. On the tenth day of the therapy, visible progress was observed in the healing of the injured finger. Ultimately, the treatment of the injured finger was completed routinely and successfully. Conclusion. Identification of risk factors as well as patients’ education is an important prerequisite for the prevention of complications arising from the chronic course of diabetes. Early initiation of treatment, with an adequate multidisciplinary approach, can cure ulcerative, inflammatory diabetic foot, which in our case corresponded to the Wagner-Meggitt classification, superficial ulcer, with a corresponding gradation 1.

Introduction: Knowledge of all safety factors: teamwork, employee satisfaction, work environment, stress awareness, risk perception and attitude are the basis for improving the safety performance of health care providers - health professionals. The aim of the research is to analyze the risk perception of health professionals on aspects of occupational safety in relation to the workplace during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study included health professionals of all profiles from the Sarajevo Canton. It was conducted in the period from November to the end of December 2021. Respondents voluntarily and anonymously filled out a survey questionnaire, distributed electronically in the Google forms form. Results: The research included 266 health professionals of all profiles employed in health care institutions at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of health care. Conclusion: The concept of risk perception of health professionals in a pandemic should be viewed as a group rather than an individual phenomenon.perception

Using the Design of Experiments methodology (Response-Surface Methodology and Derringer's Desirability Function), a simple, fast and robust RP-HPLC method was developed for the analysis of enrofloxacin (EFC), its impurity A (fluoroquinolonic acid, FQ) and impurity B (ciprofloxacin, CPX). Gradient elution of samples was performed on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 32 mM phosphate buffer pH 3.5 – methanol (0 min-19.6% methanol; 15.5 min-19.6% methanol; 29.5 min-80% methanol; 30 min-19.6% methanol; 35 min-19.6% methanol), delivered at a flow rate of 1.5 mL min−1, wavelength of detection 278 nm (for EFX and CFX) and 265 nm for FQ. A good linear response was achieved in the range 15–35 μg mL−1 (EFX) and LOQ-150% for impurities (CFX and FQ). Other validation parameters were also tested: precision, accuracy, sensitivity and robustness. The developed method was shown to be simple, practical and suitable for the analysis of EFC and its impurities (CPX, FQ) in veterinary drugs.

The study on the biosorption of copper ions using raw eggshells as an adsorbent is presented in this paper. The influence of different process parameters, such as: initial pH value of the solution, initial Cu2+ ions concentration, initial mass of the adsorbent, and stirring rate, on the biosorption capacity was evaluated. The SEM-EDS analysis was performed before and after the biosorption process. SEM micrographs indicate a change in the morphology of the sample after the biosorption process. The obtained EDS spectra indicated that K, Ca, and Mg were possibly exchanged with Cu2+ ions during the biosorption process. The equilibrium analysis showed that the Langmuir isotherm model best describes the experimental data. Four kinetic models were used to analyze the experimental data, and the results revealed that the pseudo-first order kinetic model is the best fit for the analyzed data. Calculated thermodynamic data indicated that the biosorption process is spontaneous, and that copper ions are possibly bound to the surface of the eggshells by chemisorption. The biosorption process was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Behnken Design (BBD), with the selected factors: adsorbent mass, initial metal ion concentration, and contact time.

Access and emergency medical care for massive or multiple injuries is an comprehensive interdisciplinary challenge. Taking care of the growing causes of emergency care levels as well as cross-sectoral collaboration in the management of multiple incidents, reducing disease, disability, and mortality in the population with multiple disorders. In a disaster or extraordinary situation with mass casualties is a state in which the health care system is overloaded and the ability to provide emergency health care is considerably hindered. The aim of this review is to present the current state of knowledge on what we, the authors, say are the central aspects of trauma management of mass casualty incidents. Emergency planning and methodology are related to accidental states, elementary medical staff disasters, medical equipment, drilling material, concretizing assessment tools, monitoring, mass incident prevention. In terms of implementing a good action plan, effective collaboration between state agencies such as fire departament and law enforcement is necessary in identifying and directing critically ill patients to designated trauma centres. The integration of emergency systems for incident management, through providing resources like, medical equipment, drugs, autoambulances,  ongoing education and training. This has the impact of increasing knowledge of medical emergency procedures that would help reduce the risk of consequences of mass incidents. When applied to MCI responses, damage-control principles reduce resource utilization and optimze surge capacity, consequently reducing the rate of mortality.

PurposeThe study examines the remote integration process of advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) into the production system and identifies key challenges and mitigating actions for a smoother introduction and integration process.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a case study approach to a cyber-physical production system at an industrial technology center using a mobile robot as an AMT.FindingsBy applying the plug-and-produce concept, the study exemplifies an AMT's remote integration process into a cyber-physical production system in nine steps. Eleven key challenges and twelve mitigation actions for remote integration are described based on technology–organization–environment theory. Finally, a remote integration framework is proposed to facilitate AMT integration into production systems.Practical implicationsThe study presents results purely from a practical perspective, which could reduce dilemmas in early decision-making related to smart production. The proposed framework can improve flexibility and decrease the time needed to configure new AMTs in existing production systems.Originality/valueThe area of remote integration for AMT has not been addressed in depth before. The consequences of lacking in-depth studies for remote integration imply that current implementation processes do not match the needs and the existing situation in the industry and often underestimate the complexity of considering both technological and organizational issues. The new integrated framework can already be deployed by industry professionals in their efforts to integrate new technologies with shorter time to volume and increased quality but also as a means for training employees in critical competencies required for remote integration.

Time is a uniquely human yet culturally ubiquitous concept acquired over childhood and provides an underlying dimension for episodic memory and estimating durations. Because time, unlike distance, lacks a sensory representation, we hypothesized that subjects at different ages attribute different meanings to it when comparing durations; pre-kindergarten children compare the density of events, while adults use the concept of observer-independent absolute time. We asked groups of pre-kindergarteners, school-age children, and adults to compare the durations of an "eventful" and "uneventful" video, both 1-minute long but durations unknown to subjects. In addition, participants were asked to express the durations of both videos non-verbally with simple hand gestures. Statistical analysis has revealed highly polarized temporal biases in each group, where pre-kindergarteners estimated the duration of the eventful video as "longer." In contrast, the school-age group of children and adults claimed the same about the uneventful video. The tendency to represent temporal durations with a horizontal hand gesture was evident among all three groups, with an increasing prevalence with age. These results support the hypothesis that pre-kindergarten-age children use heuristics to estimate time, and they convert from availability to sampling heuristics between pre-kindergarten and school age.

Nanomaterials have been the focus of intensive development and research in the medical and industrial sectors over the past several decades. Some studies have found that these compounds can have a detrimental impact on living organisms, including their cellular components. Despite the obvious advantages of using nanomaterials in a wide range of applications, there is sometimes skepticism caused by the lack of substantial proof that evaluates potential toxicities. The interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) with cells of the immune system and their biomolecule pathways are an area of interest for researchers. It is possible to modify NPs so that they are not recognized by the immune system or so that they suppress or stimulate the immune system in a targeted manner. In this review, we look at the literature on nanomaterials for immunostimulation and immunosuppression and their impact on how changing the physicochemical features of the particles could alter their interactions with immune cells for the better or for the worse (immunotoxicity). We also look into whether the NPs have a unique or unexpected (but desired) effect on the immune system, and whether the surface grafting of polymers or surface coatings makes stealth nanomaterials that the immune system cannot find and get rid of.

ABSTRACT The research determines the gap (Great Decoupling) between labour productivity and workers’ compensation in the two blocks of EU countries (Western versus Eastern). The division of countries into two groups provides a basis further to determine whether the previous socio-economic and political evolutionary development of these countries blocks still has a significant impact on the functional distribution of national income, on the extent to which labour productivity growth is transmitted to workers. The results are heterogeneous. In the sample of highly developed Western EU countries where higher levels of labour productivity, as well as high levels of technological development, lead to an increase in labour productivity to be followed by a lower increase in workers’ compensation. On the sample of Eastern EU countries, results indicate different relationships and the strength of causality between productivity and labour compensation. Central-East EU countries had a more positive relationship between real workers’ compensation and labour productivity, compared to the Southeast Europe (Balkan) countries where an increase in workers’ compensation causes a reduction in labour productivity. The results also offer a solid basis for understanding wage/income/productivity relationships d for creating policies for a more efficient distribution of national income.

Abstract Jennings, J, Štaka, Z, Wundersitz, DW, Sullivan, CJ, Cousins, SD, Čustović, E, and Kingsley, MI. Position-specific running and technical demands during male elite-junior and elite-senior Australian rules football match-play. J Strength Cond Res 37(7): 1449–1455, 2023—The aim of this study was to compare position-specific running and technical demands of elite-junior and elite-senior Australian rules football match-play to better inform practice and assist transition between the levels. Global positioning system and technical involvement data were collated from 12 Victorian U18 male NAB League (n = 553) and 18 Australian Football League (n = 702) teams competing in their respective 2019 seasons. Players were grouped by position as nomadic, fixed, or ruck, and data subsets were used for specific analyses. Relative total distance (p = 0.635, trivial effect), high-speed running (HSR) distance (p = 0.433, trivial effect), acceleration efforts (p = 0.830, trivial effect), deceleration efforts (p = 0.983, trivial effect), and efforts at >150 m·min−1 (p = 0.229, trivial effect) and >200 m·min−1 (p = 0.962, trivial effect) did not differ between elite-junior and elite-senior match-play. Elite juniors covered less total and HSR distance during peak periods (5 seconds–10 minutes) of demand (p ≤ 0.022, small-moderate effects). Within both leagues, nomadic players had the greatest running demands followed by fixed position and then rucks. Relative disposals (p = 0.330, trivial effect) and possessions (p = 0.084, trivial effect) were comparable between the leagues. During peak periods (10 seconds to 2 minutes), elite juniors had less technical involvements than elite seniors (p ≤ 0.001, small effects). Although relative running demands and positional differences were comparable between the leagues, elite juniors perform less running, HSR, and technical involvements during peak periods when compared with elite seniors. Therefore, coaching staff in elite-senior clubs should maintain intensity while progressively increasing the volume of training that recently drafted players undertake when they have transitioned from elite-junior leagues.

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