Patients' attitudes and values, their concept of illness and health as well as their previous experiences with medication may significantly affect the subjective response to antipsychotics. Quality of Life (QOL) has holistic concept that includes consideration of economic development, social vitality and environmental health. For most of the researches, QOL has an umbrella concept, which covers all aspects of life and includes physical and mental health, family relations, friendship, employment, leisure activities, medical treatment and quality of care, psychological and social benefit. In the domain of mental health, increasing the quality of treatment can be demonstrated through improvements of QOL of those using the mental health services. When measuring QOL in patients taking antipsychotics, it is important to acknowledge that a variety of factors may influence the QOL outcomes: these include side effects and daily dosage of the antipsychotic, depressive and negative symptoms, duration of treatment, and subjective tolerability.

We give the standard expressions of the Zagreb indices, Randić indices and their variants. Then we present the master connectivity index and show how this index can generate all connectivity indices of both varieties. We also present the master connectivity polynomial and show the relationship between this polynomial and the master connectivity index. Because of this relationship, the master connectivity polynomial can also be used to generate connectivity indices.

Summary.  Among individuals with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, approximately 30% of patients show persistently normal alanine aminotransferase (PNALT). Individuals with PNALT have been historically excluded from antiviral treatment. However, some studies have reported sudden worsening of disease in patients with PNALT, suggesting the need to treat such individuals. To evaluate this further, we compared fibrosis severity and response to treatment in patients with PNALT to patients with abnormal ALT. In addition, we investigated whether liver histology and schistosomiasis affect response to treatment differently in those with PNALT and abnormal ALT. A retrospective cohort study of 176 HCV‐Genotype 4 (HCV‐G4) patients treated with pegylated interferon (PEG‐IFN) and ribavirin. Of 176 cases studied, 53 (30.1%) had normal ALT. Prevalence of pretreatment severe fibrosis, sustained virological response (SVR) and relapse were not significantly different in patients with PNALT (26%, 66% and 5.7% respectively) compared to those with abnormal ALT (32.5%, 60.7%, and 6.6% respectively). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that pretreatment ALT, pretreatment viral load, inflammation and schistosomiasis were not significantly associated with SVR [OR (95% CI), 0.75 (0.34–1.65); 0.92 (0.61–1.37); 1.64 (0.64–4.18); 0.90 (0.44–1.84) respectively]. Severe fibrosis was the only significant predictor of SVR [OR (95% CI), 0.38 (0.14–0.99)]. PNALT does not reflect the degree of fibrotic changes or predict SVR. Furthermore, schistosomiasis is a predictor of neither fibrosis nor poor response in patients with PNALT. Severe fibrosis is a strong and independent predictor of response to treatment. Therefore, it is important to treat individuals with PNALT levels regardless of schistosomiasis.