ABSTRACT Introduction: CEA and CA 19-9 are the most common tumor associated antigens used in the staging of patients with rectal cancer and other parts of the colon. Goal: of this study was to evaluate the value of CEA and CA 19-9 in serum of patients with colon cancer and prove its place in the diagnostic staging. Material and Methods: The study was retrospective-prospective performed at the Gastroenterohepatology Clinic, Clinical Center of Sarajevo University. The study included 91 hospitalized patients who had histologically confirmed diagnosis of colon adenocarcinoma in 98% of cases. All patients underwent colonoscopy, targeted biopsy and measurement of CEA and CA 19-9 levels in serum. All of them underwent abdominal CT and MRI of the pelvis in case of rectal cancer. Results: The study analyzed 58 men and 33 women, mean age 66.6 years, with the youngest patient at age of 35 and the oldest at age of 89 years. The largest number of patients was aged 56-75 years. According to localization 77 patients had carcinoma located in the area of the rectum and sigma 37.4 and 37.4 in the rectostigmoid area and sigma. Metastases were observed in 37 patients, with predominance in the liver (22 cases) and both liver and lungs (5 cases). CEA and CA 19-9 were determined in all cases but patients with metastases had high values, especially in the two cases of cecoascendent colon cancer where detected values were extremely high (1789ng/ml and 10780U/ml). Values of CA19 -9 were significantly higher (p<0.05). CEA mean values were highest in patients aged over 75 years. In case of CA 19-9 high mean values have been recorded in patients aged over 75 years with statistically significant differences between the age groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: CEA and CA19-9 are cancer antigens that are late markers of carcinogenesis, with significantly elevated serum concentrations in case of colon cancer with already developed metastases. Older age group of patient has significantly elevated levels of both antigens. Cancer was twice more common in men than in women.

Introduction: Gastric cancer is one of the most common tumors in humans and is on the 14th place by frequency in the United States and it is at the 8th place by the mortality rate. In the world it takes seventh place by incidence. Today prevail the opinion and the surveys show, that it is twice as common in men as compared to women. Although there are advancements in diagnostics it must be noted that gastric cancer is still discovered late and when it already has metastasized, so that the therapeutic approach is limited and low survival rate. Patients and Methods: The study was retrospective-prospective, which covered the period from 2011 to 2012 and was performed at the Clinic of Gastroenterohepatology, Clinical Center of Sarajevo University. The study included 50 patients with gastric cancer, 34 men and 16 women. All patients underwent gastroscopy and according to tumor lesions localization divided into 3 regions: cardia, corpus and antropyloric region. Tumor lesions were biopted with histologically confirmation of gastric wall cancer. All patients underwent CT of gastric wall, CT of the abdomen and in some cases EUS was performed also. Goal: To prove by available diagnostic methods (endoscopy, CT and EUS) the presence of gastric cancer, histologically validate it and determine localization according to regions. To determine by CT the thickness of the stomach wall or the penetration of tumor lesions, the presence of enlarged lymph nodes and possible metastases. Record by EUS the progression of malignant processes in depth to layers of the wall, surrounding tissue metastases and enlarged lymph nodes. Determine the correlation between the measured parameters. Results: Our study showed that the localization of tumors at the cardia was represented in 15.31%, corpus in 17.36% and antropyloric region 16.33%. Median age he was 65.5 years with a standard deviation of 11.04. We failed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference in verified findings by EUS and age as well as endoscopic findings and age. Also there is no statistically significant difference between the CT scan and endoscopy XT = 5.99 and α = 0.05 = 0.63 XE, XE XT) and endoscopic findings and age (XT = 3.84 at α = 0.01, = 0.01 XE, XE> XT). Conclusion: Our study showed that gastric cancer are more common in men than women, metastases were more common in the elderly population, there were no significant deviations from the endoscopic findings and CT findings. EUS was performed in a small number of patients and showed as a good method because it gave accurate information about the penetration depth. Endoscopy, EUS and CT are ideal methods in diagnostic and staging of gastric cancer before the surgery.

UDK: 630*235: 632.95(497.6) Seedlings are produced by implementation of technical-technological procedures at specially prepared area which we call nurseries. With produced seedlings is additionally completed natural restoration of forests, forestation of bare lands, and plantations are established, melioration of degraded forest and brush-wood is conducted, eroded lands are repaired, etc. In the actual Registry of the Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina are registered 11 nurseries which produce forest and horticultural seedlings. In their production program dominant are three conifer tree species: Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus silvestris) and Black pine (Pinus nigra). Seedlings of broadleaves tree species in total production participate with only 2%. In nurseries is implemented the concept of integral protection of plants in the form of program which is consisted of combination of agrotechnical, mechanical, physical, biological and chemical measures. Chemical measures are based on the use of pesticides in integral protection of plants. Pesticides are organic and non-organic chemical compounds, as well as the products of living organisms which are used in agriculture and forestry for prevention of occurrence, control and suppression of caused of plant diseases, pest and weed, as well as for protection of agricultural and food products. Main goal of this research was to identify the quantity indicators of use of pesticides in production of seedlings of forest trees in forest nurseries in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research has covered three nurseries in Zenica-Doboj Canton and three nurseries in Central-Bosnia Canton. The research is related to the period from 2007 to 2011.

European Union regional policy has fundamental importance in elimination of existing disparities between regions, making conditions for increasing economic growth and achieving full potential of each region. Common policies have proved to be the most complex area of European integrations, particularly in funding and the allocation EU funds. Bosnia and Herzegovina has the same practice that, as pointed out by representatives of Directorate for European Integration (DEI) and Directorate for Economic Planning (DEP), has not developed regional policy or strategic approach to the funds allocation. Object and aim of this research will be identification of lessons that the EU led, leads or will lead for implementation of regional policy that BIH could use in its further development, especially for the period 2014–2020. The document could be used as development document for DEI and DEP, and as a document that would be used as the basis for further programming of funds (obtaining for period 2014–2020), aiming to regional involvement. The necessary methodology in completing this work encompasses using the historical method, method of analysis and synthesis, comparative method and the actual researches overview enriched with secondary data sources. Primary data sources will be collected through semi-structured interviews with representatives of DEI and DEP, and with other relevant institutions’ representatives. EU Regional Policy course is for the first time available course at Doctoral program within the Bologna concept of study at the School of Economics and Business Sarajevo in cooperation with University of Vienna and Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana, which is of special significance for this research.

Radiation therapy is a standard treatment in the multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of head and neck carcinomas (HNC). The description and perception of the effects caused by the treatment in the normal tissues is important for the clinical evaluation of the patient because treatment is interrupted if the patient develops several acute side effects which directly affect their survival. This study involved 46 patients over 6 weeks of treatment and evaluated the observed acute effects of treatment in five different anatomical areas - skin, mucosa, salivary glands, pharynx /esophagus and larynx. This evaluation adopted the classification of the Acute Radiation Morbidity Scoring Criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). Data analysis revealed that the acute effects related to the RapidArc TM technique appeared earlier when compared to IMRT techniques. On the other hand, the IMRT technique showed more exacerbated high-grade effects.

As reações hansênicas são um dos maiores problemas para os profissionais de saúde no manejo dos portadores de hanseníase, tornando o controle das mesmas de fundamental importância para evitar complicações clínicas e sociais. A assiduidade às consultas para avaliação e controle é essencial para a cura. Este estudo avaliou a influência dos fatores sócio-demográficos e clínicos na adesão ao tratamento em estado reacional em um ambulatório de referência. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo série de casos, em pacientes em controle no ambulatório do NMT/UFPA nos anos de 2008 a 2009. Os resultados mostraram que pacientes do sexo masculino, adultos e com baixa escolaridade foram os mais acometidos pela hanseníase. As reações hansênicas do tipo1(RR) foram as mais incidentes, tendo como principal queixa a dor. Apesar dos resultados não terem mostrado associação, com significância estatística, entre as variáveis estudadas e a não adesão ao tratamento, eles evidenciaram variáveis que interferem na assiduidade às consultas.

Srcanu insuficijenciju (SI) definira se kao sindrom koji se manifestira nemogucnoscu srca da primi ili istisne krv zbog strukturnih ili funkcionalnih srcanih ostecenja (1). Najvažnije klinicke manifestacije sindroma srcane insuficijencije su gusenje s tipicnim nedostatkom zraka ili zamorom (u mirovanju ili prilikom napora) i otok gležnjeva. Dijagnoza srcane insuficijencije se postavlja na osnovi simptoma, klinickih znakova i dodatnih dijagnostickih postupaka. Klinicka sumnja na postojanje srcane insuficijencije mora biti potvrđena određenim ispitivanjima koja se posebno odnose na procjenu srcane funkcije (2). Za dijagnozu srcane insuficijencije koriste se i Framinghamski kriteriji. Da bi se postavila dijagnoza SI na osnovi tih kriterija, neophodno je postojanje najmanje jednog velikog i dvaju malih kriterija (3). Nakon postavljene dijagnoze SI važna je i procjena težine klinicke slike. Simptomi bolesti mogu biti koristeni za klasifikaciju težine srcane insuficijencije i poslužiti kao pokazatelji ucinka terapije. Danas se u svrhu klasifikacije SI koristi revidirana klasifikacija NYHA (New York Heart Association).

In this paper simulation model which enables quick analysis of elastic rotor natural frequency modes is developed using Matlab. This simulation model enables users to get dependency diagram of natural frequency in relation to diameter and length of the rotor,density of the material or modulus of elasticity. Testing of the model is done using numerical analysis in SolidWorks software.

A novel heterometallic oxalate-based compound, {Ba2(H2O)5[TaO(C2O4)3]HC2O4}·H2O (1), was obtained by using an (oxalato)tantalate(V) aqueous solution as a source of the complex anion and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. Compound 1 is a three-dimensional (3D) coordination polymer with the Ta atom connected to eight neighboring Ba atoms through the oxalate ligands and the oxo oxygen group. Thermal treatment of 1 up to 1200 °C leads to molecular precursor-to-material conversion that yields the mixed-metal γ-Ba4Ta2O9 phase. This high-temperature γ-Ba4Ta2O9 polymorph has the 6H-perovskite structure (space group P6(3)/m), in which the Ta2O9 face-sharing octahedral dimers are interconnected via corners to the regular BaO6 octahedra. To date, γ-Ba4Ta2O9 has never been obtained at room temperature, because of the reduction of symmetry (P6(3)/m → P2(1)/c) that usually occurs during the cooling. Spectroscopic, optical, photocatalytic, and electrical properties of the obtained γ-Ba4Ta2O9 phase were investigated. In addition to the experimental data, an absorption spectrum and band structure of the γ-Ba4Ta2O9 polymorph were calculated using density functional theory.