With the advent of the Internet and the accelerated development of information and communication technologies (Cloud Computing, Big Data, etc.), marketing has changed forever. However, it will soon be going soon it will be going through another revolution, largely due to the potential of Blockchain technology. In order for the exchange (transaction) to be carried out to the satisfaction of both entities, there must be trust between them. Unless the entities trust each other, they usually find a solution by hiring a third entity, called an intermediary. At its core, Blockchain enables transactions between two parties without the need for third party verification. If a transaction means any business transaction of transferring ownership of goods or money (securities) from one entity to another, then Blockchain is an alternative way of exchanging and recording transactions by which it is carried out to the satisfaction of both entities, without intermediaries and without the need to trust each other. One of the more significant aspects of applying Blockchain technology is that it gives consumers back control of their personal information, eliminating the possibility for companies to take data from customers without offering them compensation. The aim of this paper is to highlight the potential of Blockchain technology, which puts customers in an even more favorable position, but also enables merchants to access non-intermediary customers such as Google, Facebook, etc. Another aspect of the application of Blockchain technology will be discussed in the paper, which concerns the possibility that customers have all relevant and true (i.e, non-changeable information due to the security provided by Blockchain technology) information about the origin of the products they purchase.

Key Points Question What is the current red blood cell (RBC) transfusion practice for preterm infants born before 32 weeks’ gestation in Europe? Findings This cohort study included 1143 infants from 64 neonatal intensive care units across 22 European countries. By day 28 of life, 36.5% of infants had received an RBC transfusion, and most transfusions based on hemoglobin threshold were given above restrictive thresholds tested in recent trials. Meaning These findings suggest that there is a need to address the gap between evidence and practice and to understand factors influencing ongoing variable practices of RBC transfusions among preterm infants.

Novija istraživanja bosanskohercegovačkih populacija glogova i njihova taksonomska numeracija rezultirala je spoznajom o prisutnosti jedne nove vrste gloga u flori Bosne i Hercegovine. Vrsta Crataegus microphylla K. Koch svrstava se u grupu jednokoštičavih glogova. U najzapadnijim dijelovima njenog areala, unutar izolovanih populacija, dolazi naša novoopisana endemična podvrsta (subsp. malýana K. I. Chr. & Janjić). U radu su prezentovane osnovne morfološko-taksonomske i horološko-ekološke karakteristike neophodne za uspješno prepoznavanje ove vrste kao i njene novoopisane podvrste.

Prospective sixth generation (6G) mobile cellular networks aim to connect everything through the Internet of Thing (IoT) concept. 6G is expected to provide unprecedented data rates, ultrareliable low latency, and extensive device connectivity. Artificial intelligence (AI) will play a vital role in optimizing 6G networks by enabling dynamic spectrum allocation, intelligent resource management, and network optimization. This will create intelligent networks that can adapt, learn, and evolve.

Razvoj agrošumarstva je u većini zemalja usporen zbog ograničene definicije ovog pojma koji se treba shvatiti kao sistem različitih praksi. Široko korištenje agrošumarstva može odigrati značajnu ulogu u prelasku na održive okolinske prakse u dugoročnom periodu. U Evropskoj uniji agrošumarstvo se prepoznaje kao važan poljoprivredni sistem, s tim da je još ostao nedovoljno razvijen zbog neriješenog statusa podsticaja. Ipak, kako Evropska federacija agrošumarstva (engl. European Agroforestry Federation – EURAF) ističe, u EU se nalazi oko 20 miliona hektara agrošumarskih zemljišta, a gotovo 90% čine šumsko-pašnjački sistemi. Istraživanja iz 2017. godine pokazuju kako ih je tada u EU bilo oko 15,4 miliona hektara i trend razvoja agrošumarstva, prema podacima iz 2020. godine, nastavio se. Sistem agrošumarstva projiciran je i istražen na području sliva rijeke Vrbas, i to u njegovom gornjem (Bugojno) i donjem (Srbac) slivnom području, a u okviru projekta UNDP. U ovom radu akcenat se daje na ulogu agrošumarstva u zaštiti od poplava, ali i općenito njegov značaj u procesu adaptacije na klimatske promjene. U gornjem i srednjem slivu preporučuje se silvopastoralni uzgoj, a na proširenim dolinama alejni uzgoj i zaštita od erozije na izohipsama. U donjem slivnom području vrlo su važni zaštitni priobalni pojasevi sa stanovišta erozije obale i buferne sposobnosti vegetacije u smislu prečišćavanja voda, na koje se nastavlja alejni uzgoj, zatim rekreaciona zona, tehnička šuma ili kombinacija šumsko-poljoprivrednih kultura (diversifikacija). Ove pristupe treba razvijati isključivo na lokalnom nivou sa farmerima.

: Certificiranje gospodarenja šumskim resursima je u nekoliko prethodnih decenija evoluiralo od teoretskog modela ka aplikativnom konceptu široko prihvaćenom od strane šumarske struke i drugih aktera šumarske politike. Kao tržišno zasnovan pristup, osnažen zabrinutošću krajnjih kupaca proizvoda šumarstva za globalna ekološka pitanja, certificiranje je učvrstilo svoju poziciju specifičnog instrumenta šumarske politike, koji je u stanju odgovoriti na promjenjive zahtjeve društva u odnosu na šumske ekosisteme. Održivo gospodarenje šumskim resursima, kao ultimativni cilj certificiranja, u sebi sadrži suštinu paradigme održivog razvoja – zadovoljenje sadašnjih ekoloških, socioloških i ekonomskih potreba društva bez ugrožavanja interesa budućih generacija. U ovom radu su prikazani efekti koje certificiranje gospodarenja šumskim resursima po programu FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) ima na ostvarenje univerzalnih ciljeva održivog razvoja (Sustainable Development Goals – SDGs) u Bosni i Hercegovini. Metodološki pristup je zasnovan na analizi standarda FSC za Bosnu i Hercegovinu, korektivnim aktivnostima koje su najčešće zahtijevane od poduzeća šumarstva u procesu certificiranja, ekspertnim procjenama šumarskih stručnjaka o pitanju doprinosa certificiranja održivom gospodarenju šumskim resursima, te ocjeni efikasnosti certificiranja od strane aktera šumarske politike u Bosni i Hercegovini. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da certificiranje najviše doprinosi ostvarenju SDG 15 (zaštita, uspostava i promocija održivog korištenja kopnenih ekosistema, održivo upravljanje šumama, sprečavanje širenja pustinja, degradacije zemljišta i gubitka biodiverziteta). Pored toga, certificiranje doprinosi i ostvarenju ostalih ciljeva održivog razvoja koji se odnose na dostojanstven rad i ekonomski rast, osiguranje čiste vode i zaštitu ekosistema povezanih sa vodom, vladavinu prava, rodnu ravnopravnost, dostupnost energije iz obnovljivih resursa, odgovornu proizvodnju i potrošnju, ublažavanje i prilagođavanje klimatskim promjenama i partnerstvo u ostvarenju ciljeva. Može se zaključiti da certificiranje, doprinoseći postizanju održivog gospodarenja šumskim resursima i očuvanju širokog dijapazona koristi od šumskih ekosistema, predstavlja važan instrument za postizanje univerzalnih ciljeva održivog razvoja u Bosni i Hercegovini.

Sentiment analysis leverages machine learning and natural language processing techniques to classify and interpret textual data, identifying sentiments as positive, negative, or neutral. This study explores sentiment analysis in the context of mental health, utilising two models: Logistic Regression and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). The dataset comprises 52 680 unique statements associated with seven mental health statuses, including depression, anxiety and suicidal tendencies. Logistic Regression achieved an accuracy of 72%, while BERT, with its advanced deep learning architecture, demonstrated a significant improvement with an accuracy of 84%. BERT’s superior performance is attributed to its bidirectional contextual understanding and attention mechanisms, enhancing its ability to handle complex and nuanced textual information. This study highlights the efficacy of BERT over traditional models in analysing and classifying sentiments related to mental health, underscoring its potential for improving early detection and intervention.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant cause of liver-related diseases including acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the availability of advanced treatments, underdiagnosis remains a critical challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study explores the application of machine learning algorithms, specifically the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) method, to enhance the diagnosis of HCV by classifying patients into healthy, potentially diseased, and diseased categories based on liver function test results. Using a biomedical dataset of 615 patients, the model achieved high accuracy (99%), precision (98%), and sensitivity (99%), indicating its potential effectiveness in identifying HCV-infected individuals. The study highlights the importance of feature selection in improving model performance and discusses the implications of the findings for enhancing HCV diagnosis and management

Abstract This article delves into the intricate relationship between contested state- hood and European Union (EU) integration, explicitly focusing on Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Since the early 1990s, amidst the dissolution of Yugoslavia and the EU’s enlargement efforts, BiH has grappled with challenges to its statehood, which have impeded its alignment with EU requirements. Despite being universally recognised as an independent state, BiH faces internal contestation, evident in its consociational constitutional framework and the divergent nationalist narratives among constituent groups. Moreover, while BiH maintains external sovereignty, it coexists with significant international oversight, complicating its path toward EU integration. The EU’s expansion into internally contested states like BiH necessitates a nuanced approach considering the entanglement of Europeanisation and de-Daytonisation processes. This article emphasises the complexity of BiH’s governance landscape, where internal dynamics and external influences converge, creating formidable obstacles to sovereignty assertion and governance efficacy. To surmount these challenges, BiH must address internal divisions, foster inclusive governance mechanisms and balance external supervision and internal autonomy. In shedding light on how contested statehood influences the EU’s role and policies, the article discusses the concept of ‘complex sovereignty’, particularly relevant to BiH’s context.