Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a rare, primary breast cancer characterized by the apocrine morphology, estrogen receptor-negative and androgen receptor-positive profile with a frequent overexpression of Her-2/neu protein (~30%). Apart from the Her-2/neu target, advanced and/or metastatic apocrine carcinomas have limited treatment options. In this review, we briefly describe and discuss the molecular features and new theranostic biomarkers for this rare mammary malignancy. The importance of comprehensive profiling is highlighted due to synergistic and potentially antagonistic molecular events in the individual patients.

While there have been advances in the practice of education in Brazil, also observed the occurrence of education centered on the teacher's figure. One of the challenges of higher education is to create new educational models that promote the creative ability of the students, because there is a breakdown of the traditional model of education. This study aimed to identify which teaching strategy most favored the learning of Dental Radiology in a Brazilian University. A questionnaire containing seven questions concerning the teaching methods adopted in the discipline was distributed. Participated 85 students (average age 20.1 ± 1.4 years), the second half of 2014 and 2015. Of these, 16 males and 69 females. Data were tabulated and submitted to descriptive analysis in SPSS ™ 20.0. It was observed that the methods that have contributed most to student learning were fun activities (98.8%); practical class (89.4%); gymkhana organized by the monitors (69.4%); oral presentation of a scientific paper (62.4%); film on the topic of discipline (50.6%). Although the student-centered teacher be considered a failed model, the lecture, when shorter and dynamic, was considered an important tool for learning second 87.1% of the students. In addition, 98.8% said that the teacher's attitude makes a difference in the teaching-learning process. It was concluded that dynamic activities were the most favored learning. The use of creative strategies in the classroom is important in the educational process and shown to have been appreciated by the students.

A infeccao pelo papilomavirus humano (HPV) tem sido descrita, pela Organizacao Mundial de Saude, como um dos principais fatores de ocorrencia do carcinoma de colo uterino. A integracao do DNA do HPV desregula a expressao do E6 e E7, que interage com genes supressores tumorais, ativando mecanismos que permitem a inducao da carcinogenese cervical, acarretando diversas alteracoes histologicas. Podem ser citados, portanto, varios estagios de carcinogenese cervical provocados pela acao do virus HPV. Sao eles: lesoes intra-epiteliais escamosas de baixo grau; de alto grau; displasia moderada; displasia acentuada e carcinoma invasor. Todas essas fases cursam com modificacoes na histologia do colo do utero, de menor a maior grau, sendo de extrema importância a deteccao precoce delas, atraves da realizacao de exames preventivos, como o Papanicolau. So assim, podera ser feita a avaliacao do estado da paciente, bem como a adocao de condutas terapeuticas especificas para o estagio em que a doenca se encontra. O estudo trata-se de uma revisao de literatura, tendo sido consultadas bases de dados como: MeDLine, LILACS e SciELO.

This paper provides an analysis of settlement of foundation plates using finite difference method, and is designed in the aim to prove how this method, implemented in our Matlab program code, will give results similar to those obtained with the finite element method, and to show that plate’ settlements are less dependent on the change of modulus of soil reaction.

Impact machines are designed to generate high dynamic forces with each impact hammer. Conventionally designed bases of these machines require relatively large reinforced concrete blocks to transfer the impact force to the ground. Size basic block is dependent on a loading force produced a hammer and the characteristics of the soil. The vibrations generated by blows of hammers also be transmitted to the ground. These vibrations can have large impact and consequences on equipment, employees and even to the building structure. Recently, large investments in research and development of new technologies vibration isolation for impact machinery using the steel coil springs and viscous fluid dampers. The old solutions of elastic foundations are required large inertial mass under the hammer. With constant research and development to come up with new solutions that provide direct support to the impact machines using springs, without using a inertial mass.

Introduction: In the present study we investigated the performance, precision, and recovery of three different automated methods in determining cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 levels.Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 60 hospitalized female patients. As controls, commercially available samples were used. Cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 levels were measured using ARCHITECT CA 15-3, Elecsys® CA 15-3, and Vitros CA 15-3 immunoassays. A comparison of the results between the three methods was conducted, and the precision and recovery were analyzed.Results: Coefficient of variations (CVs), determined with low- and high-level-CA 15-3 control samples, and reproducibility values were: 2.56-2.80% and 3.10-4. 20% for ARCHITECT i2000SR immunoassay analyzer; 3.50-5.55% and 4.88-6.47% for Cobas E 601 analyzer; 3.30-4.0% and 4.30-4.80% for VITROS 5600 Integrated System, respectively. The percent recoveries were 95-98% for Elecsys® CA 15-3 assay, 93-105% for Vitros CA 15-3 assay, and 92-95% for ARCHITECT CA 15-3 assay. Method comparison results demonstrated correlation coefficient (r) in range from 0.994 to 1. The average CA 15-3 concentrations measured by Vitros, ARCHITECT, and Elecsys® were 157.24 +/- 329.75 U/mL, 100.91 +/-213.75 U/mL, and 80.93 +/- 173.29 U/mL, respectively.Conclusions: Tumor marker CA 15-3 in individual patients should be monitored using the same immunoassay method, reagents, and analyzer. Different immunoassays tested on different analyzers, often show large discrepancies in reported values for individual patients. Different immunoassay technologies quantify analytes of clinical interest using monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. Thus, the usage of antibodies with different specificities could explain the differences in CA 15-3 serum values between different methods.

The cold drawing process takes places very quickly and during the conversion of mechanical energy into the heat energy the work peace and the tool heat up considerably. In order to achieve a stabile drawing process, it is necessary to keep tracks of the temperature growth of the work piece and the tool. The tool temperature has to be below the established limits, and it is regulated by the amount of the coolant, which is at the same time also a lubricant. The expressions for the temperature growth calculation in the conditions of adiabatic processes that can also be applied to the deep drawing process with the reduction of the wall thickness, due to the high deformation rate, have been presented in the work. The heat balance equation enables the determination of the coolant mass which will maintain the stabile tool temperature, what is confirmed by the experimental researches.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is an uncommon cause of stroke presenting with varied presentation patterns. We report a case of a 21-year-old woman with superior sagittal sinus (SSS) thrombosis (SSST) developing after childbirth, presenting with visual hallucinations, severe headache, and tonic-clonic seizures. Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOFMRA) demonstrated the presence of thrombus in SSS. She was treated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) followed by warfarin. She had excellent recovery a few weeks after admission and was regularly followed up. Although this condition can be presented with different neurological symptoms, it does not typically present with hallucinations. We suggest that CSVT should be suspected even when a patient presents with an atypical picture in a category of patients at higher risk. (Int J Biomed. 2016; 6(4):294-297.)

Influenza is one of the most common respiratory diseases in the world, annually causing over one million of deaths. It is triggered by one of the types of influenza viruses (A, B or C). Most usually, it assumes the form of epidemic disease, sometimes it is a pandemic, and is very rare as a sporadic disease. In temperate zones, the influenza occurs seasonally - during the cold months of a year. In tropics, however, it occurs throughout the year, though the highest number of patients is registered during the rainy seasons. Influenza is a mild disease for young and healthy persons; however, if affecting those with a weakened immune system, it can lead to complications and even to death. The only effective preventive measure is vaccination, which precludes the disease. So far, no consensus is reached on whether the vaccination should be compulsory or recommended and who should be vaccinated. In most European countries, vaccination is recommended for certain categories of the population, while the United States recommend it to the entire population above six months of age.