CILJ ISTRAŽIVANJA: Osnovni cilj sprovedenog istraživanja je ispitivanje ucestalosti internet zavisnosti među studentima Medicinskog i Pravnog fakulteta Univerziteta u Banjaluci. METODE: U ispitivanju je koriscen standardizovani test za ispitivanje internet zavisnosti dr Kimberly Young (IAT). Testiranje je sprovedeno anonimno, uz informisani pristanak, nad 147 studenata Medicinskog (75) i Pravnog (72) fakulteta. REZULTATI: Istraživanje je pokazalo da prema je rezultatima IAT-a, od 75 studenata Medicinskog fakulteta, njih 19 (25.3%) zavisno od interneta. Od toga, 17 studenata (22.7%) ima blagi stepen, dok njih dvoje (2.67%) ima srednji stepen zavisnosti od interneta. Nema medicinara sa visokim stepenom ove zavisnosti. Veci postotak studenata Pravnog fakulteta je internet zavisno: 35 studenata (48.6%). Od ukupnog broja njih 30 (41.7%) ima blagi stepen zavisnosti, 4 (5.56%) srednji stepen, dok 1 buduci pravnik (1.39%) ima visok stepen internet zavisnosti.

Poremecaji ponasanja su raznolika grupa poremecaja, okarakterisana ucestalim i trajnim ponavljanjem obrazaca ponasanja, koji narusavaju socijalne norme. Ovaj rad predstavlja prikaz novijih saznanja, koja se ticu funkcionalnosti porodice i poremecaja ponasanja kod djece. Sadrži osnovne karakteristike porodice, obilježja funkcionalnih i disfunkcionalnih porodica i njihov uticaj na razvoj razlicitih vidova poremecaja ponasanja. Razlicite studije pokazale su kako su u porodicama sa djecom sa poremecajem ponasanja cesce prisutne razlicite karakteristike disfunkcionalnih porodica, kao sto su emocionalna hladnoca, cesto fizicko kažnjavanje, pretjerano strogi roditelji, nedosljedna disciplina, kriminalna proslost clanova porodice, psihijatrijski poremecaji. Funkcionalnost porodica posmatra se sa razlicitih aspekata. Najkoristeniji model u ispitivanjima jeste cirkumpleks model porodicnih i bracnih odnosa, koji proucava dimenzije kohezivnosti i fleksibilnosti, uz komunikaciju. Osim toga, u novijim istraživanjima koristi se i sistemski pristup porodici, baveci se patologijom veza, moci i granica.Vodeci se ovim modelima, istraživanja su pokazala kako se kod djece sa poremecajem ponasanja cesce uspostavljaju patoloske veze, izmijenjene su uloge, a granice unutar porodice su rigidne ili difuzne.

Orthodontic tooth movement is the result of bone remodeling that occurs in periodontal ligament and alveolar bone tissue as a response to mechanical loading of the tooth. The aim of this study is to investigate the time- and dose-response effects of locally administered clodronate on tooth movement. Sixty Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 15 specimens: E1 - application of 10 mMol of clodronate in 3-day intervals; E2 - application of 2.5 mMol of clodronate in 3-day intervals; E3 - application of 10 mMol of clodronate in 7-day intervals; E4 - application of 2.5 mMol of clodronate in 7-day intervals. A 50 μL clodronate solution was injected into a subperiosteal area to the right maxillary incisor. The left maxillary incisor served as a control, with an injection of saline solution. In 3-day interval application regime, there was no effect of clodronate dosing on tooth movement. In 7-day interval application regime, decreased tooth movement was observed with 10 mMol compared with 2.5 mMol clodronate concentration. However, decreased tooth movement was also observed when 2.5 mMol of clodronate was applied in 7-versus 3-day intervals. Conversely, no difference was observed when 10 mMol concentration was applied in 3- versus 7-day intervals. When clodronate is applied subperiosteally in the root area, it decreases the tooth movement. Tooth movement is impeded by the higher clodronate dosing, as well as by shorter application interval even with lower dosing. The purpose of future trials should, therefore, be to determine a safe therapeutic dose/interval application of clodronate in humans and their potential side effects.

We present a detailed study on application of factor graphs and the belief propagation (BP) algorithm to the power system state estimation (SE) problem. We start from the BP solution for the linear DC model, for which we provide a detailed convergence analysis. Using insights from the DC model, we use two different approaches to derive the BP algorithm for the non-linear AC model. The first method directly applies BP methodology, however, providing only approximate BP solution for the AC model. In the second approach, we make a key further step by providing the solution in which the BP is applied sequentially over the AC model, akin to what is done by the Gauss-Newton method. The resulting BP-based Gauss-Newton algorithm has the interpretation of a fully distributed Gauss-Newton method with the same accuracy as the centralized SE, preserving a number of advantages of the BP framework. The paper provides extensive numerical study of the proposed algorithms, provides details on their convergence properties, and gives a number of useful insights for their implementation.

We present a novel distributed Gauss–Newton method for the non-linear state estimation (SE) model based on a probabilistic inference method called belief propagation (BP). The main novelty of our work comes from applying BP sequentially over a sequence of linear approximations of the SE model, akin to what is done by the Gauss–Newton method. The resulting iterative Gauss–Newton belief propagation (GN-BP) algorithm can be interpreted as a distributed Gauss–Newton method with the same accuracy as the centralized SE, however, introducing a number of advantages of the BP framework. The paper provides extensive numerical study of the GN-BP algorithm, provides details on its convergence behavior, and gives a number of useful insights for its implementation.