Byzantine fault-tolerant state-machine replication (BFT-SMR) is a technique for hardening systems to tolerate arbitrary faults. Although robust, BFT-SMR protocols are very costly in terms of the number of required replicas (3f+1 to tolerate f faults) and of exchanged messages. However, with "hybrid" architectures, where "normal" components trust some "special" components to provide properties in a trustworthy manner, the cost of using BFT can be dramatically reduced. Unfortunately, even though such hybridization techniques decrease the message/time/space complexity of BFT protocols, they also increase their structural complexity. Therefore, we introduce Asphalion, the first theorem prover-based framework for verifying implementations of hybrid systems and protocols. It relies on three novel languages: (1) HyLoE: a Hybrid Logic of Events to reason about hybrid fault models; (2) MoC: a Monadic Component language to implement systems as collections of interacting hybrid components; and (3) LoCK: a sound Logic of events-based Calculus of Knowledge to reason about both homogeneous and hybrid systems at a high-level of abstraction (thereby allowing reusing proofs, and capturing the high-level logic of distributed systems). In addition, Asphalion supports compositional reasoning, e.g., through mechanisms to lift properties about trusted-trustworthy components, to the level of the distributed systems they are integrated in. As a case study, we have verified crucial safety properties (e.g., agreement) of several implementations of hybrid protocols.

The aim of the research is to study the effects that exercise models have on the functional abilities of secondary students. The sample consisted of high school students in Krusevac, ages 15 and 16, enrolled in full-time physical education and the training process in additional physical education classes. A total of 112 subjects was divided into two sub-samples: The first sub-sample of 56 subjects comprised the experimental group. Here, students are enrolled in regular physical education classes and training three times a week to realize a model of motor exercises (flexibility) in the process of conditioning in additional physical education classes.The second sub-sample of 56 subjects, included in regular physical education classes only, constitutes the control group of respondents. The sample of variables consisted of: a vital lung capacity, pulse rate after load, Margaria test of anaerobic capacity.We analyzed the results of the T-test of functional ability between initial and final measurement of subjects. After analysis of the obtained results, it is concluded that there is a statistically significant difference in the pulse rate after loading (FPPOP .000) and Margaria test (FMARG .000).

Predmet istraživanja je uticaj kreatina na brzinu plivanja. U ranijim istraživanjima smatralo se da je kreatin monohidrat efikasan nutritivni suplement koji je trenutno dostupan vezano za poboljšanje rezultata vježbanja. Skoro 70% ovih studija izvještava o značajnom poboljšanju kapaciteta vježbanja, dok u ostalim studijama generalno nije zabilježeno značajno poboljšanje rezultata.Ispitivanje je izvršeno na uzorku od 60 plivača članova Akademskog plivačkog kluba „22.april“ podjeljenih u tri grupe i uzrasta od 21-25 godine. Svi ispitanici su muškog pola i dobrog zdravstvenog stanja. Ispitanici koji pripadaju ovoj populaciji nalaze se u zenitu morfološkog i motoričkog razvoja i dobro su motivisani za napredovanje u plivanju. Ispitanici su bili podjeljeni u tri grupe i bavili se rekreativnim plivanjem do primjene ovog istraživanja.Sve tri gupe plivača su odrađivale tačno određen obim plivanja koji je pratio i sam plan za razvoja plivanja kod rekreativaca, s tim da je prva grupa plivača pored plivanja uzimala kreatin, druga grupa plivača je pored plivanja radila i fitnes, a treća grupa je samo plivala. Mjerenje je izvršeno krajem maja i polovinom juna 2008. Godine, na objektu Rekreativnog centra Srpske Toplice (temperatura vode 28 stepeni C).Uzorak varijabli se odnosila brzina plivanja na 50 m tehnikom kraul ( oba mjerenja i razlike u vremenima) korišćeni su pokazatelji deskriptivne statistike.Osnovni cilj rada je utvrditi da li sa uzimanjem, kreatina, dužine trajanja od tri sedmice, ima značajnih razlika na povećanje brzina plivanja u odnosu na modele treniga snage i modele treninga plivanja. Rezultati istraživanja analizirani t-testom pokazuju da su razlike u vremenu plivanja 50 m tehnikom kraul statistički značajne.

The subject of the study is the effect of creatine on swimming speed. In previous studies, creatine monohydrate was thought to be an effective nutritional supplement currently available related to improving exercise results. Almost 70% of these studies report a significant improvement in exercise capacity, while in the other studies, no significant improvement in results was generally observed.The test was performed on a sample of 60 swimmers, members of the Academic Swimming Club "April 22" divided into three groups and ages from 21-25. All examinees are male and in good health. Examinees belonging to this population are at the zenith of their morphological and motor development and are well motivated to advance in swimming. The subjects were divided into three groups and engaged in recreational swimming until the application of this research.All three groups of swimmers performed a specific amount of swimming, which was accompanied by the plan for the development of swimming in recreation, with the first group of swimmers taking creatine in addition to swimming, the second group of swimmers doing fitness in addition to swimming, and the third group only swimming. The measurement was carried out at the end of May and half of June 2008 at the premises of the Recreation Center SrpskeToplice (water temperature 28 degrees C).Variablessemple referred to swimming speed at 50 m freestyle technique (both measurements and time differences) were used. Descriptive statistics indicators were used. The main objective of the study is to determine whether, with creatine ingestion, with a duration of three weeks, there are significant differences in the increase in swimming speeds compared to the training of strength and swimming training models. The results of the study, analyzed by t-test, show that the difference in swimming time of 50 m freestyle technique is statistically significant.

Cilj istraživanja je proučavanje efekata modela vježbanja na funkcionalne sposobnosti učenika srednjih. Uzorak ispitanika odnosio se na učenika srednjih škola u Kruševcu, uzrasta 15 i 16 godina, obuhvaćenih redovnom nastavom fizičkog vaspitanja i trenažnim procesom u dodatnoj nastavi fizičkog vaspitanja. Ukupan uzorak od 112 ispitanika bio je podeljen je na dva subuzorka: Prvi subuzorak od 56 ispitanika obuhvaćen redovnom nastavom fizičkog vaspitanja i trenažnim radom tri puta nedeljno za realizaciju modela motoričkih vežbi (fleksibilnosti) u procesu kondicione pripreme u dodatnoj nastavi fizičkog vaspitanja čini eksperimentalnu grupu. Drugi subuzorak od 56 ispitanika obuhvaćen samo redovnom nastavom fizičkog vaspitanja čini kontrolnu grupu ispitanika. Uzorak varijabli činili su; vitalni kapacitet pluća,, frekvencija pulsa posle opterećenja, anaerobna sposobnost margarija testom. Analizom rezultate T-testa funkcionalne sposobnosti između inicijalnog i finalnog merenja ispitanika. Nakon analize dobijenih rezultata zaključuje se da postoji statistički značajna razlika u frekvenciji pulsa posle opterećenja (FPPOP .000) i Margarija testu (FMARG .000).

: Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods have a significant influence on decision making in a variety of strategic fields, including science, business, and real-life studies. These methods also effectively support researchers in solving the emerging issues that may be encountered during their research activity. This work introduces a new Evaluation method based on the Distance from the Average Solution in the Minkowski space (EDAS-M). The main contribution of this study is the EDAS-M based MCDM model for the evaluation of an autonomous vehicle. Besides, the CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) was used to determine objective criteria weights. The EDAS-M method provides a modified extension of the conventional Evaluation method based on the Distance from the Average Solution (EDAS) method. Seven different MADM methods are used to compare problem-solving results. Namely, the EDAS, WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product ASsessment), SAW (Simple Additive Weighting), ARAS (Additive Ratio ASsessment), TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity Ideal Solution), TOPSIS-M (TOPSIS Minkowski space) and MABAC (Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison) techniques validate the stability of the results obtained by using the new method above mentioned. Sensitivity analysis reflects the dynamics of the influence of dynamic matrices. It showed a high correlation of positions with all applied approaches. This correlation has also been maintained in a dynamic environment.

The restructuring of state-owned and public enterprises has attracted the attention of numerous researchers in the transition and post-transition period. The goal of restructuring as a business philosophy is to change and establish a new business philosophy, a new way of thinking. The correct interpretation of this term goes beyond its narrow and misleading translation, which equates to restructuring with a measure of change in structure. This paper examines the situation with the state-owned enterprises in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Although Bosnia and Herzegovina is characterized by the presence of two completely separate systems of corporate governance (corporate governance is regulated at an entity level without any common grounds at the level of Bosnia and Herzegovina), the symptoms of the situation are identical in both entities: state enterprises are commercially inefficient in both entities, and the reasons for their inefficiency are identical. The paper attempts to identify the symptoms and causes of such a state with a set of recommendations for the restructuring of state-owned enterprises, with clear definitions that, considering the trend of expansion of state-owned enterprises in highly developed countries, state-owned enterprises are needed here. It turns out that the privatized companies do not take into account the state interest. Following the logic of the OECD Guideline No. 2 (Ownership of State), first, it is considered how the state should manage the state-owned companies, and then by following the logic of the OECD Guideline no. 6 (Responsibilities of Committee) the complete corporation of state-owned enterprises is advocated in the way that state-owned enterprises have all the prerogatives of corruption, and are sufficiently distanced from political parties in power. Such an approach will significantly contribute to the improvement of corporate governance rating in Bosnia and Herzegovina that shows the atrophy of the system.