Introduction/Objective. The objective of this paper was to determine the connection between the socioeconomic status (SES) of the respondents and cigarette smoking and the use of alcohol and marijuana. Is there a connection between the SES respondents and their gender and place of residence? Methods. A total of 4188 primary and secondary school respondents from Brcko District of Bosna and Herzegovina participated in a cross-sectional study based on the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs questionnaire, adapted to this research. The data was collected using the questionnaire prepared for each respondent. Data on gender, marital status, occupation, and professional qualifications of parents were used to determine a family?s SES according to the Hollingshead methodology. Results. Alcohol and marijuana use are in relation to SES respondents (p < 0.001 or p = 0.008): respondents living in low-SES families use alcohol or marijuana at a lower percentage than respondents from middle-SES or high-SES families. Smoking habits are not in relation to SES respondents (p = 0.678). The place of residence is connected to SES respondents (p < 0.001): more respondents from low-SES families live in rural areas, while those from medium-SES and high-SES families predominantly live in urban areas. Conclusion. The SES of the respondents is in relation to their place of residence, alcohol and marijuana use, but it is not related to cigarette smoking.

Dinamičan razvoj tehnologije materijala doveo je do primjene različitih novih materijala za poboljšanje svojstava nosivosti i trajnosti betonskih nosača. Jedan od pristupa jeste primjena sistema zaštite obložnog dijela betonskog nosača (zaštitni sloj betona). U ovu svrhu, razvijeni su polimerni materijali armirani karbonskim, staklenim ili aramidnim vlaknima (FRP – Fiber Reinfored Polymer). Novi pravac razvoja ovih sistema jeste primjena tekstilom armiranih sitnozrnih betona, gdje se koriste tekstili s vlaknima u više pravaca. Fabrički proizvedena ravninska tekstilna struktura sačinjena je od vlakana upletenih na razne načine, kao što su tkanje, pletenje, filcovanje ili štrikanje. Za potrebe istraživanja i razvoja ovog sistema ojačanja betonskih greda, formirana su dva istraživačka centra u kojima se sprovode projekti pod nazivom „Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) -Technical Basis for the Development of a New Technology” (SFB 532) RWTH Aachen University i „Textile Reinforcements for Structural Strengthening and Repair” (SFB 528) Technische Universitat Dresden. U ovim istraživačkim centrima sprovode se istraživanja mehanizama trajnosti, prionljivosti i kapaciteta nosivosti. Pored dva navedena velika projekta, postoji i niz projekata koji se odnose na tekstilom armirani beton, a sprovedeni su u Izraelu, Sjedinjenim Državama, Grčkoj, Belgiji, Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu i Kanadi [3]. Utvrđeno je da količina i raspored tesktilne strukture imaju značajan uticaj na ponašanje tekstilom armiranog betona. Istraživanja su posvećena:

Solanine is a glycoalkaloid found in the Solanaceae family, such as the potato. It is very poisonous even in small quantities because it has pesticide and fungicide effects and represents a natural plant defense mechanism. Its concentration increases when the plant is exposed to the agents that can cause plant stress (fertilization, insecticide use, etc.). This paper aims to examine the influence of three cultivation systems (conventionally, organically and naturally) on the biosynthesis of α-solanine (αS) through his quantification in young potatoes using densitometry. Two varieties of potatoes were analyzed: Aladdin (Ala) and Mona Lisa (MoL). For statistical analysis, the Student's t-test was used. The results showed that the use of artificial insecticides caused a very intense biosynthesis of αS in the conventionally grown Ala variety (1.19 mg/100 g of fresh tubers (f.t.)) in comparison to the average α-solanine content (AαSC) by the organically grown Ala (0.62 mg/100 gf.t.) (it is close to the statistical significance, (p=0.08)). It is difficult to explain the very high AαSC of natural Ala cultivation (1.62 mg/100 gf.t.). Analysis of potatoes of the MoL variety showed that the AαSC of conventionally grown potatoes (1.35 mg/100 gf.t.) was statistically higher than the AαSC of naturally grown potatoes (0.59 mg/100 g of f.t.) (p<0.05). Also, AαSC of the organically grown MoL (1.40 mg/100 gf.t.) was higher than the AαSC of naturally grown MoL, but without statistical significance (p>0.05). Concentrations of αS founded in the case of conventionally, organically and naturally grown potatoes are considered safe and such potatoes are suitable for consumption. However, because of a slight reduction in toxic αS, it is recommended to consume organically grown potatoes (Ala variety), and naturally grown potatoes (MoL variety).

Folic acid (FA) supplementation is recommended for all women of childbearing age and pregnant women. Still, women’s adherence to these recommendations is often low. This crosssectional survey aimed to assess FA supplementation among pregnant women in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) since no such data exist to date. Data were collected by a voluntary, anonymous, self-administered internet-based questionnaire. The inclusion criteria were current pregnancy, BiH origin, and BiH residence for at least the past 5 years. The vast majority (82.1%) of women reported inadequate periconceptional FA supplementation, and only 26.9% reported supplementation during the critical period for neural tube closure. The use of a high dose (≥5 mg/day) FA beyond the first trimester was reported by 9.0% of women. Women’s age was significantly associated with adequate folic acid use for the prevention of neural tube defects (OR=1.207, p<0.05). The periconceptional FA supplementation in the studied population is suboptimal. These preliminary data call for action, especially because BiH is a lower-middleincome country without mandatory FA food fortification program. Further research on folate dietary intake and folate status in the target group, as well as possible predictors of the low prevalence of supplementation, is recommended.

Rutin is quercetin heteroside widely present in plants that exhibit many health-beneficial effects, such as strengthening the capillary walls, reducing the harmful effects of LDL cholesterol, and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Rutin was determined from three <i>Allium</i> species (<i>A. cepa</i>, <i>A. sativum</i>, and <i>A. ursinum</i>) collected in Bosnia and Herzegovina by the HPLC method associated with electrochemical detection. The analysis was performed from methanol extracts of bulb and leaf of garlic, bulb and leaf of onion, and leaves of wood garlic. Rutin was present in all of the examined samples. The highest rutin content was found in garlic leaves (0.78 ± 0.09 mg g^–1), and the lowest in onion bulbs (0.04 ± 0.10 mg g^–1). The contents of rutin were higher in leaf samples, suggesting that leaves of onion and garlic are recommended as a better natural source of this glycoside.

Roman Braća Karamazovi F. M. Dostojevskog sa pitanjima koje postavlja – timotika čovjeka – ništa nije izgubio od svoje aktuelnosti. Ovaj rad je pokušaj da se savremenom čovjeku približe teme sa kojima se tzv. prva pitanja svode na egzistencijalna pitanja, metafizika na etiku. Dostojevski za čitatelje, putem svojih junaka, iznosi misli o povijesti življenja čovjeka na zemlji i njegovoj patnji, o slobodi i vjeri, vlasti i tajni, o autoritetu i moralu, te o samoj čovjekovoj prirodi. Zašto postoji zlo u svijetu, zašto postoji patnja?, da li čovjek, uopšte, može voljeti drugog čovjeka, može li voljeti „bez Boga“, je li u stanju „djelotvorno voljeti“, i može li, na koncu, Thanatos biti inkorporiran u Eros!? – pitanja su koja opsjedaju junake Dostojevskog. Dostojevski je u ovom romanu prikazao sukob nekoliko svjetova koji je u konačnici nerazrješiv bilo kakvim sistemom binarnih opozicija. Pojedinačni principi Ivana ili Zosime, Krista ili Velikog Inkvizitora, Aljoše ili Smerdjakova, uz svjetove svih drugih likova, čitamo kao jedan univerzum suprotnosti i, u isto vrijeme, neke čudne veze među svim tim svjetovima koji se, čini se, ne mogu do kraja razumski dokučiti. Stoga, dva oprečna pogleda na jednu te istu stvar ovdje ne znače raslojavanje stvarnosti, nego znače govor o njenoj suštini, njenoj očiglednoj istini.

Cilj ovog rada je propitivanje odnosa bosanskohercegovačkih historičara prema postojećim raznovrsnim historijskim izvorima koji donose podatke o uzrocima ustanka 1875–1878, posebno iz perspektive procjene motiva njihovog korištenja. Kao dio istog cilja, procjenjujem da li se, na primjeru definiranja primarnih uzroka ustanka 1875–1878. godine, teži predstaviti nedodirljiva historijska istina ili ponuditi multiperspektivna slika uzroka ustanka. Posebna pažnju posvećujem utjecaju tekstova vodećeg historičara ustanka Milorada Ekmečića, koji je o ustanku pisao u drugoj polovini 20. i na početku 21. stoljeća, na historiografske tokove o ovoj važnoj temi iz prošlosti Bosne i Hercegovine. Kao primarna ciljna grupa određeni su historičari koji u 21. stoljeću djeluju u institucijama u Bosni i Hercegovini, ali i oni koji su svoje bavljenje fenomenom ustanaka počeli na njenim prostorima a nastavili u Srbiji.