From the point of view of the demographic movement of the population, the continuous negative natural increase of the population is worrying, with an increasingly pronounced difference between the number of deaths and the number of newborns. If the trend of migration of the able-bodied population to Western European countries is added to that, the prospects for economic and social development are pessimistic. In order to increase the birth rate, it is noticeable that in Bosnia and Herzegovina the so-called natalism or pronatalism is used, a political ideology that promotes the reproduction of human life or, perhaps more accurately, sees the primary role of women as mothers in order to increase the domicile population. Populist measures in the form of cash benefits for the birth of a larger number of children, child allowance or the establishment of an alimony fund cannot be the basis for creating a pronatal policy. Birth policy must cover all spheres of life and focus on the family and not just on a woman.

In the last ten years, three new information technologies have emerged, representing the realization of old (by the time of emergence) theoretical concepts, but new in creativity and innovation, as well as incredible potential for the realization of revolutionary ideas and changes in all areas of human activity, which by one name they call 4th Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.0. They are: Big Data Analytics technology, Cloud Computing and Blockchain technology. Each of them individually represents the realization of new paradigms of computer data processing, which could not be practically implemented until the development of information and communication technologies, especially the Internet, Web applications, new operating systems, network technologies, mobile telephony, technologies of advancement of hardware performances, internet of things, etc. The primary aim of this paper is to get acquainted with the characteristics of these technologies and their potentials, their advantages and disadvantages in relation to traditional technologies, identification of areas and ways of their both current and future applications. The ultimate goal is to explain the incredible potential of these technologies, creating the foundation for their combined application in the creation of new Industry 4.0 products, which should result in a synergistic effect.

The paper assesses the vulnerability of 27 groundwater bodies in the basin of the river Bosna, ie Spreča, then the river basin of the Drina river (Drinjača), as well as parts of the immediate Sava river basin (Čelić area Gnjica river and Turija basin) by the GLA method. For each water body, the determination of the effective soil capacity, degree of infiltration and rock type was made, as well as the final assessment of the protective efficiency of the unsaturated zones soil covering.

Drainage of surface water from the pavement structure is an important parameter for preserving the designed period and safety during the operation of the pavement structure. The paper presents research on the relationship between the efficiency of drains depending on the cross slope. When the correct selection of transverse slopes and the collection of rain runoff from the catchment area of the road, the safety of the operating conditions itself increases.

The aim of this paper is to identify the basic characteristics of foreign trade of Bosnia and Herzegovina in terms of determining the volume, trends, geographic orientation, production structure and level of concentration of export-import flows in the selected time period, with emphasis on its trade with major partners, such as the EU and CEFTA. A special emphasis has been placed on exports as a driver of growth and development of the domestic economy. In order for the economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina to grow, creating jobs and increasing economic welfare of its citizens, it must focus on international trade, particularly the increase in the volume and value of exports. To say that the export is a requirement for survival may sound dramatic, but there can be no doubt that our country needs to improve its trading result. This reflects the importance of foreign trade. The focus of the analysis is placed on the dynamics and structure of the total exchange of B&H in the period from 2004 to 2018. Analysis was done using the appropriate method of dynamic analysis (index methods, average annual growth rate). The main results indicate not so positive trends for international trade of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The "Ribnica" landfill of the "Vrtlište" surface mine bordered the river Ribnica until during 2017, a landslide was started and the river Ribnica was interrupted, and a water reservoir was formed. After the completion of the tunnel that diverted the river Ribnica, its previously interrupted riverbed in the downstream part is planned for continuation of the disposal of masses from the surface mine "Vrtlište" by making an earth dam. The dam has the role of retaining large waters in case of exceeding the maximum tunnel flow, as well as in cases of monitoring and construction work in the tunnel. The requirement to use landfill material for the construction of the dam poses a significant risk due to the lack of data on its shear strength. This paper presents the results of research on the shear strength of materials in the conditions of dam construction, under optimal moisture conditions and maximum compaction and analyzes the obtained results, which should define the behavior of the tested materials in the conditions of dam construction. The conducted research represents the first phase of the research, which will be followed by research into the shear strength of completely saturated materials, which will determine the behavior of deposited materials in the dam body and the final slopes.

Background Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, clinical data from various parts of the world have been reported. Up till now, there has been no clinical data with regards to COVID-19 from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The aim was to report on the first cohort of patients from B&H and to analyze factors that influence COVID-19 patient’s length of hospitalization (LOH). Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Tuzla University Clinical Center (UKC), B&H. It involved 25 COVID-19 positive patients that needed hospitalisation between March 28th and April 27th 2020. The LOH was measured from the time of admission to discharge. Factors analyzed induced age, BMI, presence of known comorbidities, serum creatinine and O 2 saturation upon admission. Results The mean age was 52.92 ± 19.15 years and BMI 28.80 ± 4.22 . LOH for patients with BMI < 25 was 9 ± SE2.646 days (CI 95% 3.814–14.816) vs 14.182 ± SE .937 (CI 95% 12.346–16.018 p  < 0.05; HR 5.148 CI95% 1.217 to 21.772 p  = 0.026) for ≥25 BMI. The mean LOH of patients with normal levels of O 2  ≥ 95% was 11.667 ± SE1.202 (CI95% 8.261 to 13.739; p  = 0.046), while LOH for patients with < 95% was 14.625 ± SE 1.231 CI95% 12.184 to 16.757 p  = 0.042; HR 3.732 CI95%1.137–12.251 p  = 0.03). Patients without known comorbidities had a mean LOH of 11.700 ± SE1.075 (CI 95% 9.592–13.808), while those with comorbidities had a mean of 14.8 ± 1.303 (CI 95% 12.247–17.353; p  = 0.029) with HR2.552. Conclusion LOH varied among COVID-19 patients and was prolonged when analyzed for BMI ≥25, comorbidities, elevated creatinine, and O2 saturation < 95%. Furthermore, risk factors for COVID-19 patients in B&H do not deviate from those reported in other countries.

Objectives This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of antibiotics treatment versus placebo, no intervention, or another antibiotic for people with cholecystitis or cholangitis, or both. Antibiotics for adults with acute cholecystitis or acute cholangitis or both (Protocol) Copyright © 2020 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 1 Cochrane Library Trusted evidence. Informed decisions. Better health. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate memory in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. Methods Following an examination, 50 patients were diagnosed in accordance with the 2005 proposal of the International League Against Epilepsy and the definition of drug-resistant epilepsy from 2010. The neuropsychological examination used the Wechsler Memory Scale. It assessed seven structural types of memory: general knowledge, orientation, mental control, logical memory, number memory, associative memory, and visual reproduction. The values were compared with 50 subjects without epilepsy. Results Patients with epilepsy had statistically significantly lower values in five of seven structural units of memory. The average value of overall memory efficacy in subjects with epilepsy was 96.5 ± 19.6, while in subjects without epilepsy it was 118 ± 15.6 (p = 0.0002). Memory impairments are greater in those taking polytherapy (p = 0.0429). The overall memory efficiency correlated significantly negatively with seizure frequency (p = 0.0015) and insignificantly negative with the duration of epilepsy (p = 0.1935). Conclusion Patients with drug-resistant epilepsy have lower memory efficiency. Memory impairments are greater in those taking polytherapy, as with those with more frequent seizures. The duration of epilepsy has no significant effect on overall memory performance.

The Dinaridic segment of Neotethys was affected by a widespread shortening and related subduction-accretion-obduction processes that commenced in the middle Jurassic. In the Dinarides, the Krivaja-Konjuh Ophiolite Complex (KKOC) stands as the largest ophiolite complex with a well-exposed metamorphic sole which is the key to understanding the dynamics of intraoceanic subduction initiation in this part of Neotethys. In this contribution we present Sm-Nd geochronology on a granulite facies amphibolite from the KKOC, as well as a detailed petrological description. A five-point isochrone age calculated from clinopyroxene, plagioclase, garnet, amphibole and whole rock is 162 ± 14 Ma (MSWD = 6.2), whereas garnet and whole rock yield 160 ± 7 Ma. Ages calculated from all data points except clinopyroxene are 162 ± 5 Ma (MSWD = 1.09). Petrographic investigations suggest that these ages date granulite facies metamorphic conditions (i.e. peak metamorphism of Grt-Cpx amphibolite) rather than post-peak exhumation or obduction processes. Phase textural relationships are in line with previous research, which indicated a peak metamorphism equilibration pressure and temperature of ~1 GPa and ~800 °C, respectively. Granulite facies conditions are elucidated for an igneous precursor, which underwent a multi-stage metamorphism that gave rise to recrystallization of igneous clinopyroxene and plagioclase, epitaxial growth of amphibole, and garnet blastosis. Taking into account the age of gabbronorite from the youngest segment of the KKOC oceanic crust (Taorcian to Bathonian) and ages of radiolarian assemblages from the KKOC melange (Bajocian to Bathonian), it may be inferred that within ~25 Ma the Dinaridic segment of Neotethys evolved rapidly from active ridge spreading through a stage of intraoceanic subduction and arc magmatism toward sub-ophioliteexhumation and further obduction along the Adria passive margin at the end of the Jurassic era.

This paper presents the methodology for the development of an optimization model for the optimization of the cross-section dimensions of a bridge crane girder designed as a welded I-profile. To carry out this optimization, the CAD/CAE software package CATIA V5 was used. In order to develop an optimization model, a CAD geometrical model and structural analysis model were developed. Optimization was carried out by the iterative method using a simulated hardening algorithm. Additionally, the optimization process is carried out by using the PEO (Product Engineering Optimization) CATIA module that contains tools for setting the optimization criteria, design parameters, constraints, and algorithms. The goal of the optimization is to achieve the minimal mass of the girder, while satisfying all functional and geometrical constraints. As a result of the optimization process, minimal girder dimensions were obtained and due to that, a minimal amount of material can be used for the manufacturing of the girder.

Abstract Background We have developed a new platform named "Biologer" intended for recording species observations in the field (but also from literature resources and collections). The platform is created as user-friendly, open source, multilingual software that is compatible with Darwin Core standard and accompanied by a simple Android application. It is made from the user’s perspective, allowing everyone to choose how they share the data. Project team members are delegated by involved organisations. The team is responsible for development of the platform, while local Biologer communities are engaged in data collection and verification. New information Biologer has been online and available for use in Serbia since 2018 and was soon adopted in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. In total, we have assembled 536 users, who have collected 163,843 species observation records data from the field and digitalised 33,458 literature records. The number of active users and their records is growing daily. Out of the total number of gathered data, 89% has been made open access by the users, 10% is accessible on the scale of 10×10 km and only 1% is closed. In the future, we plan to provide a taxonomic data portal that could be used by local and national initiatives in Eastern Europe, aggregate all data into a single web location, create detailed data overview and enable fluent communication between users.