: Speedwells ( Veronica officinalis L.) is a plant species used in traditional medicine for the preparation of teas, tinctures and other preparations for the treatment of diseases of the skin, respiratory and digestive organs. In this paper, the biological activity of the methanolic extract of the speedwells was examined. To assess the cytotoxic potential, a tetrazolium salt reduction (MTT) viability assay was performed. The experiments were carried out on 3 human cell lines: lung carcinoma (H460), cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and colorectal carcinoma (HCT116). Antimicrobial potential was tested using the diffusion technique on three bacterial strains: S. aureus , E. faecalis and S. enterica . Inhibition of free radicals was tested using the ABTS and DPPH methods, and the reduction potential of the extract of the speedwells was confirmed by the FRAP method. The treatment of HeLa, H460, and HCT116 cell lines with the methanolic extract of speedwells demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in cell growth. The extract showed a high inhibition of the growth of S. aureus but also a complete absence of activity in the case of E. faecalis . A high efficiency of inhibition of DPPH and ABTS radicals, as well as reducing ability, was recorded.
: Great potential in gas production is found in raw materials of organic origin, such as manure, waste sludge, food residues and the like. In order to speed up the process of biogas production, that is, the first stage of hydrolysis, it is necessary to pre-process the substrate. In order to obtain the maximum amount of biogas, the anaerobic digestion process was carried out in mesophilic conditions for 37 days. For the purpose of examining the effects of pretreatment, the substrate was chemically treated with the addition of dehydrated CaO in quantities of 0.75% and 1.5% in relation to the mass of the substrate. The results showed that by treating cattle manure with the addition of 0.75% CaO, higher daily production of biogas with a higher methane content is achieved. The total amount of biogas obtained with the addition of 0.75% CaO was 5247.21 ml, while the highest methane content was 61.24%.
Summary Heavy metals are natural ingredients of many plant cultures, and they are increasingly found in the soil as the main group of inorganic contaminants. The consumption of food products, either fresh or processed, with an increased concentration of heavy metals leads to the deposition of these metals in the body, which further leads to a series of consequences in the form of cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological problems. The behavior of heavy metals in soil and their accumulation by plants depends on many factors, such as soil structure, soil pH value, organic matter content, adsorption complex and other factors. Therefore, the aim of this work is to present the influence of physical and chemical soil parameters on the distribution of heavy metals (Pb(II) and Cd(II)) in plant cultures and to assess the health risk pollution of the mentioned metals in plant cultures (cucumber, pepper, tomato, eggplant).
: Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi is a plant species belonging to Anacardiaceae family, native to South America, with particular abundance in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay. It is commonly known as Brazilian pepper tree. All plant parts have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several pathologies. In this paper, the cytotoxic effects of the essential oil of the commercial pink pepper fruit from the Tuzla market were investigated. To assess the cytotoxic potential, a tetrazolium salt reduction (MTT) viability assay was performed. The experiments were carried out on 3 human cell lines: lung carcinoma (H460), cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and colorectal carcinoma (HCT116). Using GC/MS, 24 components of red pepper essential oil were identified, of which α-pinene, α-phellandrene, δ-3-carene and D-limonene dominate. The essential oil of the pink pepper fruit showed cytotoxic activity in the case of all tested cell lines under in vitro conditions.
Listeria is a food-borne pathogen that poses a great threat to human health. Severe symptoms followed by a high mortality rate are mainly caused by L. monocytogenes. Despite the zero-tolerance policy, the genus Listeria is still present in raw and ready-to-eat food. There are no recent studies regarding contamination of food with Listeria species in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This research is focused on obtaining basic information on the level of food contamination with this alarming pathogen. In this study, a total of 238 samples were analysed, where 105 samples were various types of raw food and 133 samples were ready-to-eat foods, and 18 samples tested positive for Listeria species. After isolation and detection, the confirmation of positive isolates of Listeria spp. was conducted using the biochemical kit API ® Listeria .
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