Research on the parameters of full blood count and differential white blood count is included in the program of all medical laboratories of primary, secondary and tertiary health care levels. Today, all haematological tests are exclusively performed on the haematology analyzers. Automation of haematology laboratories is a result of the huge requires for haematological test performing, timely issuing of the haematological findings, and possibility of the usage of modern techniques. This work is an evaluation of laser haematology analyzer Cell-Dyn 3700 SL. It investigates the reliability of test results throughout the following parameters: precision, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of determination methods. It also explores the influence of sample transferring and correlation with haematology analyzer MAXM Retti. Haematology parameters that have been investigated are: white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils (NEU), lymphocytes (LXM), monocytes (MONO), eosinophils (EOS), basophils (BASO), red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (HGB), haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCHC) red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletocrit (PCT), and platelet distribution width (PDW). The results confirms that precision of analyzer fulfils the reproducibility of testing parameters: WBC, RBC, HGB, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and PLT. Correlation coefficient values (r) gained throughout the statistical analysis, that is linear regression results obtained throughout the comparison of two analyzers are adequate except for MCHC (r = 0.64), what is in accordance with literature data. Accuracy is tested by haematology analyzer method and microscopic differentiating method. Correlation coefficient results for granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes point the accuracy of methods. Sensitivity and specificity parameters fulfil the analytical criteria. It is confirmed that haematology analyzer Cell-Dyn 3700 SL is reliable for the determination of full blood count in everyday work. Analyzer and its program for differential white blood count can be used for the research and separation of normal and pathological blood counts with addition of microscopic methods confirming distribution or morphologic changes of leukocytes.

Introduction. Early posttraumatic epileptics (EPTE) are epileptic attack that appear in First seven days after brain injury, with incidence of 3-5%. Predictors for development of EPTE are: impressive skull fracture with rupture of dura, intracranial hemorrhage, neurogical deficit (brain contusion), posttraumatic amnesia longer than 24 hours. It is more common in children than in adolescents and adults. It carries four times increased risk for development of late posttraumatic epilepsy. Aspects of pharmacological prophylaxis was often considered, but scientifically neglected, without clear standings regarding controversial data in literature. Methods. Patients with severe head injury, hospitalized at Neurosurgical Hospital, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, in period from 6 of April 1992 till 1 01 of July 1994, were included in study. Prophylaxis of EPTE was carried out with Phenobarbital (2-3 mg/kg) or Phenytoin (3mg/kg) parenteray. Decision was made upon clinical findings. CT scan was done in 13,5% patients and in 31,2% patients serum concentrations of antiepileptic drugs were monitored. Results. 314 patients aged 0-20 years (106 patients 0-10ycars, and 209 patients 11-20 years) were investigated. Predictors of EPTE presented were posttraumatic amnesia longer than 24 hours in 90,4%, neurogical deficit in 86,6%, impressive skull fracture with rupture of dura in 81,5% and intracranial hemorrhage in 41, 1%. Only two boys developed EPTE in first 24 hours after injury. Conclusion. This study has showed that use of antiepileptic drugs can decrease incidence of EPTE. However, problem remains, management of injured patients is still highly individualized, based on different experiences of doctors that treat patient and without clear guidelines.

Great number of drugs coming from different manufactures is available on the market. The bioequivalence studies give substantial evidence if these drugs, given in same doses and under similar conditions, have similar bioavailability. Studies of bioequivalence are performed on healthy young volunteers in crossover designs and artificially controlled environment to minimize factors, other than the drug, which can affect bioavailability. They usually include 24 healthy volunteers with about 20 blood analyzes giving a total of 500. This kind of research is of big importance for the determination of pharmacokinetic drug characteristics but is very expensive, especially in small countries. Considering the importance of cost decrement, we set the hypothesis that bioequivalence studies can be performed on smaller number of subjects. This hypothesis is confirmed by the results of our analysis (6) included in cross-over study can be an adequate number.

The cervical cancer (CC) is in the second position in the world, by incidence and mortality, and in the first place in the developing countries. According to the information from literature different risk factors are more or less significant for the development of CC. One of the most important factor for the development of premalignant and malignant cervical lesion is infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). The strongest epidemic correlation was found in connection to the age at the time of first sexual intercourse, especially prior to the age of 18, and 21. The objective of this study is to determine the influence of etiological factors (smoking, age at the time of first sexual intercourse, number of intercourses, number of partners and status of circumcision) on the occurrence of pre-malignant and malignant cervical lesions among patients with persistent HPV infection.

Numerous locations of Osteoid-osteoma are described in our pervious literature. This benign tumor is followed by strong night pains, which are making more difficult life for the patients. It still presents a big challenge for surgeon. This case report has intention to show ectopic intraarticular location in elbow with consecutive synovial reaction.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) represents a delayed response to a stress event, particularly of menacing and catastrophic nature, which most likely causes pervasive distress to almost everyone. This disorder is frequently associated with another psychiatric disorder. As can be seen from the name, PTSD does not have to be caused by the events of war, but by other traumatic events, as well. The aim of this research is to show the main factors that cause PTSD and the ones that cause PTSD comorbidity. This research was conducted in the period from April 1998 till October 1999. The participants were divided in two groups of 30: the first group consisted of 30 participants with symptoms of PTSD only and the second group included 30 participants with symptoms of PTSD and another psychiatric disorder. Both groups were quite similar with regard their gender and age. Research tools included: Standard Psychiatric Interview, Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAD), and Drug and Alcohol Abuse Checklist (1, 2, 3). The evaluation showed that PTSD was most common among the male, aged 25-45 in both of the groups. Participants from both groups were exposed to traumatic events at least once, but the most frequent was the case of exposure to etiologic factors. This is the case with the participants of the second group because they had greater exposure to multiple traumatic events. In that group, the most common disorders associated with PTSD were as following: personality disorders (46.6%); depression (29.9%); drug abuse (13%); alcohol abuse (6.7%) and dissociative disorder (3.3%).

No abstract available.

Study concerning the possible impact of ABO antigens relations between parental and filial generations has been studied using population genetics analysis of mating system in the three samples of pregnancies (births), different with regard to the estimated “a priori” pregnancy risk. The evidence obtained supports the view that the ABO incompatibilities do not affect significantly the fertility of the mating pairs.

The purpose of this study has been evaluation our possibilities of diagnostic and treatment children with congenital heart disease. We were analyzing medical documentation from 352 children with discovered congenital heart disease in period of six years in Tuzla Canton area. disease. The average age at diagnosis was 2,15±2,28 years. During first cardiac examination 51,98% children presented symptoms of cardiac disease. Growth retardation in postnatal period is noticed in 13,35%. Electrocardiographic changes are registered in 47,76%, while changed chest radiogram in 53,85% of patients. Medicament treatment was needed in 20,74% and cardiovascular surgery procedure in 40,60%. Urgent surgery treatment was needed in 62 patients with critical heart disease. Cardiovascular surgery was made in 23,29% of patients, and average age was 4,81±3,23 years. Mortality of children with congenital heart disease is relatively high and it is 19,60%, the biggest number of them (95,65%) died before and only 4,35% after cardiosurgical treatment. Average age of children who died was 0,51±0,59 year. Considering clinical indicators of congenital heart disease in Tuzla Canton area, it is evidenced that this children health problem, which due difficult clinical picture, big involvement in infant mortality, growth retardation with progression in chronic cardiopathy, require urgent measures with main goal on advanced organizing of its diagnostic and treatment.

The problem of the lack of good quality and quantity of water for all purposes has been increasing due to the war damage to water supply plants, the effects of the unique phenomena of subsidence of the area as well as flooding caused by recent heavy rain in the area of Tuzla Canton. The flood has resulted in pollution of the drinking water and, in the light of this emergency we carried out a study to determine drinking water quality by two methods: traditional tests required by law and specific laboratory tests. The aims of the microbiological analysis of water were: to detect evidence of excretal biological pollution as a result of the flooding in the area of Tuzla Canton in 2002; to evaluate the required laboratorial procedures in Bosnia and Herzegovina for the detection of potent pathogens in the drinking water. The study included the examination of 99 samples of water: 48 samples from municipal water supplies; 13 from closed sources and 38 from open sources. Samples of water were tested by routine bacteriological, parasitological and biological methods. Reverse transcription -polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied for the detection of viruses. Microorganisms were absent in four (4.04%) of the 99 samples of water. Out of 95 samples of water, 240 micro-organisms were isolated as follows: 114 strains of bacteria, 56 viruses, 52 bacteriophages (19 coliphages and 33 Salmonella enteritidis phage), 2 nematodes, 16 algae. According to traditional tests required by law, water from 35.35% (35/99) sources was found suitable for drinking but using specific laboratory tests, only 10.10% (10/99) of samples were in compliance with the law. There was a significant difference in water quality (p<0.01). These results call for a revision of water quality guidelines based only on indicator organisms without also making reference to the absence of viruses. We have pointed out the importance of all the parameters, which should be applied during emergencies such as the recent flooding. We also suggest that, along with routine examination of drinking water there should be periodically (per month or per year) incorporated into the current protocol extra measures for detection of enteroviruses and bacteriophages.

Our comparative study concerning malignant lymphoma in Sarajevo Region according to W.H.O. Classification from 1997 in periods 1989-1991 (before the aggression) and 1997-1999 (after the aggression). We expected increased incidence as well as better patient’s survival after the war duo to better diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The study included reclassification of all cases in period 1989-1991 and their immunohistochemical study. We compared results and determined distribution and relative frequency of each subtype. The prognostic indices and parameters are also included in our study.