In this paper we propose a new approach to handle the problem of restoration of grayscale textured images. The purpose is to recovery missing data of a damaged area. The key point is to decompose an image in its bit-planes, and to process bits rather than pixels. We propose two texture synthesis methods for restoration. The first one is a random generation process, based on the conditional probability of bits in the bit-planes. It is designed for images with stochastic textures. The second one is a best-matching method, running on each bit-plane, that is well suited to synthesize periodic patterns. Results are compared with a state-of-the-art restoration algorithm.

A simple and highly sensitive direct spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of L-ascorbic acid. Potassium cyanide (9.21x10-5 mol dm-3) was used to stabilize ascorbic acid in aqueous medium. Th e molar absorptivity of the proposed method, which does not require an extraction procedure, was 1.38x104 dm3 mol-1 cm-1 at 264 nm. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 0.26 – 12.0 μg ascorbic acid cm-3. Th e relative standard deviation was 1.40 % for the determination of 8.0 μg ascorbic acid cm-3 (n = 7).

The paper deals with the construction of the figurative meaning of personal names in expressions of the type the X of Y, in which X is a personal name designating humans and Y designates a temporal period. Such expressions, used in connection with the original bearer of the name, are considered to be instances of partitive restrictive modification. Applying the findings of Barcelona (2003, 2004) and Brdar and Brdar-Szabó (2007) concerning the figurative meaning of personal names, the paper illustrates that the ENTITY FOR ACTIVE ZONE metonymy is an essential tool in explaining how the figurative meaning of personal names arises in expressions of this type. As a result of partitive restrictive modification, the original bearer of the personal name is figuratively split into distinct individuals due to the ENTITY FOR ACTIVE ZONE metonymy.

Agricultural activities directly infl uence the quality of water systems. Investigations showed that application of various agro-technical measures results with the pollution of water streams with heavy metals and other polluters. Increased concentrations of heavy metals result with intake of heavy metals and their transfer to food chains, and for that reason it is necessary to monitor the content of heavy metals regularly. Broad investigations of bio-geochemical cycling of heavy metals in the region of Lake Modrac were performed with combined methodology of determination of heavy metal traces with the estimation of bioavailability, based on the determination of complexing constants for Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn. Monitoring was performed at the locations in the vicinity of agricultural soil. Th e results achieved showed that the content of organic matter in water streams presents the key factor that determines the extent of bioavailability of heavy metal traces in water systems.

The aim of this study was to investigate the removal efficiency of six phannaceuticals by photo-degradation and the advanced oxidation process (AOP), UV/H 2O2. The six phannaceuticals were the four NSAIDs ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen and ketoprofen, the pharmacological active metabolite of the lipid lowering agent, clofibrin, clofibric acid, and the anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, carbamazepine. Treatment experiments were perfom1ed using a UV lamp optimized for photochemical treatment in a flow through set-up. For the AOP experiments 60 mg/L H 2O2 was added to the water before treatment. The treatment effectiveness is evaluated based on the Electrical Energy per Order (EEO) (unit kWh!m\ which is defined as the electrical energy consumed per unit volume of water treated required for 90% removal of the investigated compound. It was found that four of the six phannaceuticals were completely removed in tap water by both UV treatment and the AOP. The exceptions were ibuprofen and carbamazepine, which exhibited a relationship between UV dose and removal. The electrical energy per order, EEO was detennined to 8.2 kWh/m (UV) and 3. 7 kWh/m (UV /H 2O2 ) for ibuprofen. In the wastewater effluent the removal by UV irradiation was almost complete for ketoprofen, while the other compounds show dependency of flow rate/UV dose. Ibuprofen was the compound that needed the highest UV dose to remove 90% (EEO = 33.4 kWh/m) where naproxen and clofibric acid required 9.6 kWh/m and 5.5 kWh/m , respectively. Ketoprofen and diclofenac needed considerable less energy than clofibric acid. Ibuprofen and naproxen is biodegradable and will be removed in biologically treated wastewater. Therefore, the relevant estimate of the needed treatment is the energy use for removal of clofibric acid which required 5.5 kWh/m for 90% removal.