Mycoplasma bovis is a serious, worldwide-spread but often overlooked pathogen causing respiratory disease, mastitis, and arthritis in cattle. In this study we characterize the protein and antigenic profiles of M. bovis field strains isolated in Bosnia and Herzegovina by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting, and analyze possible variations among these strains. Greater differences occurred when comparing field strains with the reference strain PG45. One field strain isolated from lung samples of a heifer was markedly different from strains isolated from nasal swabs taken from cattle raised in another geographic region. A possible correlation may exist between protein and antigen profiles of M. bovis field strains, geographic regions and anatomical sites of isolation. Mycoplasma bovis, cattle, antigen, immunoblotting, protein, SDS-PAGE Mycoplasma bovis is the most pathogenic bovine mycoplasma in the parts of the world considered to be free of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. This pathogen primarily causes calf pneumonia, mastitis and arthritis. Other symptoms are seen less frequently. Diseases caused by M. bovis are found worldwide, causing significant economic losses. Yet, there are no effective control measures or standard protocols for their routine application available (Nicholas and Ayling 2003). Although M. bovis, like other mycoplasmas, possesses a small genome size, it is still highly invasive and able to colonize organ systems. It is now clear that one of the possible explanations for its ability to avoid bodily defence mechanisms and adapt to different environments in the host is due to phenotypic variations in mycoplasmas (Wise 1993; Razin et al. 1998; Minion 2002). Rosengarten et al. (1994) demonstrated highly variable membrane surface proteins (Vsps) of M. bovis which represent a family of antigenically and structurally related lipoproteins. These Vsps represent the predominant antigens recognized by the host immune response during infection, and they can undergo high frequency changes in size and expression. This system is responsible for the survival of these pathogens in the presence of cytolytic antibodies and for their adaptation to specialized environments within their respective hosts (Behrens et al. 1994; Razin et al.1998). A full understanding of phenotypic variation among M. bovis strains should be of great value when developing diagnostic methods and vaccines for the control of infections caused by this organism. Recently, M. bovis has been isolated, for the first time, in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Rifatbegovic et al. 2007). The aim of this study was to characterize the protein and antigenic profile of these M. bovis field strains by SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and immunoblot and to analyze possible variations among these strains.

In this paper, a solution is proposed for testing TCP congestion window process in a real-life network situation during stationary time intervals. With this respect, the architecture of hardware and expert-system-based distributed protocol analysis is presented that we used for data acquisition and testing, conducted on a major network with live traffic (Electronic Financial Transactions data transfer), as well as the appropriate algorithm for estimating the actual congestion window size from the measured data that mainly included decoding with precise time-stamps (100ns resolution locally and 1ms with GPS clock distribution) and expert-system comments, resulting from the appropriate processing of the network data, accordingly filtered prior to arriving to the special-hardware-based capture buffer. In addition, the paper presents the statistical analysis model that we developed for the evaluation whether the data belonged to the specific (in this case, normal) cumulative distribution function, or whether two data sets exhibit the same statistical distribution - the conditio sine qua non for a TCP-stable interval. Having identified such stationary intervals, it was found that the measured-data-based congestion window values exhibited very good fitting (with satisfactory statistical significance) to the truncated normal distribution. Finally, an appropriate model was developed and applied, for estimating the relevant parameters of the congestion window distribution: its mean value and the variance.

This paper studies how end-to-end application peiformance(of Electronic Financial Transaction traffic, in particular)depends on the actual protocol stacks, operating systemsand network transmission rates. With this respect, the respectivesimulation tests of peiformance of TCP and UDP protocolsrunning on various operating systems, ranging from Windows,Sun Solmis, to Linux have been implemented, and thedifferences in peiformance addressed focusing on throughputand response time.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: NONE DECLARED In order to speed up and simplify the self assessment and external assessment process, provide better overview and access to Accreditation Standards for Family Medicine Teams and better assessment documents archiving, Agency for Healthcare Quality and Accreditation in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (AKAZ) has developed self assessment and externals assessment software for family medicine teams. This article presents the development of standardized software for self and external evaluation of quality of service in family medicine, as well as plans for the future development of this software package.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: NONE DECLARED New discoveries in technology indeed enabled significant improvement of health care in the last three decades. Only during the last few years a significant breakthrough is achieved in the field of antiviral drugs, biotechnology, digital diagnostic technology, molecular diagnosis, tissues and organs transplantation as well as surgical and information technologies, which all contributed to the improvement of health care. Rapid growth of medical technology has led to the increase in costs of health care, increased access to these technologies and improvement of health care that is permanently encouraging the further development of technology. Technology encompasses the skills, knowledge and ability to understand, use and create useful things. It is the practical application of knowledge. Evaluation of health technology is the systematic evaluation of characteristics, results or impact of health technologies. The primary purpose of evaluation is to provide information to responsible parties for the technology in the health care system, which will be used in decision-making and introduction of these technologies. Information technology in medicine and health care represents all medical and health technology in the process of work, monitoring and evaluation done using computer technology. Progress of medical science in recent years especially needs to thank to the development of information technologies. The health care system of Bosnia and Herzegovina is currently operating in the two sub-systems of primary health care. One is inherited from the past system, in which the primary health care is provided by general practitioners, specialists in general practice, as well as gynecologists, pediatricians and pulmologists, and the second subsystem occurs when in PHC is introduced the system of family medicine doctors and family medicine specialists. Family medicine, based on the concept of orientation towards the methods which are more effective, rational and cost-effective health care, use of defined procedures and evidence-based medicine, and more adequate education can empower and stimulate general practice doctors, especially family medicine specialists, who have passed various forms of training and courses in this area, to more rational and efficient use of diagnostic technology in their daily practice, without unnecessary duplication of tests. With this they make savings to the healthcare system, improve the financial position of overall health system, especially in the PHC segment, increase satisfaction of doctors providing that health care, but also the users of health services.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: NONE DECLARED Waste management is one of the key ecological challenges of the modern world. As dental practitioners, we must recognize that some of the materials and procedures we use to provide dental health services may present challenges to the environment. Realizing this, we can begin to take measures to minimize the production of these wastes and their potential environmental effects. Dental office waste typically cause toxic chemicals to enter our streams, sewers, and landfills. This paper identifies some common wastes produced by dental offices (dental amalgam, silver, lead, biomedical and general office waste) and provides practical suggestions for reducing the impact of our profession on the environment. To dispose of dental wastes, if recycling is not an option, proper disposal as hazardous waste is necessary. But, problem is that dental waste is in most cases dumped at uncontrolled disposal sites, and that is public health and ecological risk.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: NONE DECLARED Day Hospital is an alternative to inpatient treatment as a transition from hospital to outpatient type of treatment, especially for those patients who cannot quickly return to the family, and patients who are unable to leave the usual social contacts so to them the hospitalization will pose a great mental risk. The aim of the research is to determine the structure of psychiatric morbidity, as well as demographic features and duration of hospitalization in patients treated at a Day Hospital of Psychiatric Clinic in Sarajevo during the period 2006-2007. The survey is conducted at the Psychiatric Clinic, Clinical Center of Sarajevo University as retrospective, based on observations of certain variables (gender, age, hospitalization duration), and the number of diagnosis. The results of the research show that the total number of registered patients in the observed period is 400. During the two year study there were more female (61.3%) than male patients (38.7%). Also, during the two years of research, most of those were with one diagnosis. The average hospitalization duration was 45 days, and the most often hospitalization duration was from 1 to 3 months. During both years, mostly present was the population in age group 46 to 65 years, followed by age group 26 to 44 years. Leading diseases during both years of research were from the group F30-F39, and the most common co-morbid diseases from groups: F30-F39, F40-F49 and F60-F69. We can conclude that Day Hospital has great significance in the mental health prevention. Daily structured program provides hospital diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of persons of both genders from different age groups and with diverse psychopathology.