BackgroundSaturated brines are extreme environments of low diversity. Salinibacter ruber is the only bacterium that inhabits this environment in significant numbers. In order to establish the extent of genetic diversity in natural populations of this microbe, the genomic sequence of reference strain DSM 13855 was compared to metagenomic fragments recovered from climax saltern crystallizers and obtained with 454 sequencing technology. This kind of analysis reveals the presence of metagenomic islands, i.e. highly variable regions among the different lineages in the population.ResultsThree regions of the sequenced isolate were scarcely represented in the metagenome thus appearing to vary among co-occurring S. ruber cells. These metagenomic islands showed evidence of extensive genomic corruption with atypically low GC content, low coding density, high numbers of pseudogenes and short hypothetical proteins. A detailed analysis of island gene content showed that the genes in metagenomic island 1 code for cell surface polysaccharides. The strain-specific genes of metagenomic island 2 were found to be involved in biosynthesis of cell wall polysaccharide components. Finally, metagenomic island 3 was rich in DNA related enzymes.ConclusionThe genomic organisation of S. ruber variable genomic regions showed a number of convergences with genomic islands of marine microbes studied, being largely involved in variable cell surface traits. This variation at the level of cell envelopes in an environment devoid of grazing pressure probably reflects a global strategy of bacteria to escape phage predation.

This paper considers the essence, significance and necessity of application of the marketing approach, i.e. planning, organizing and control of marketing activities in tourist and rural tourist policy, intending to add to competitiveness of the tourism offer in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper elaborates theoretic and substantial aspects of marketing element in tourism and rural tourism, with a special view on importance and contribution of marketing approach in competitiveness of tourism and rural tourism offer in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The marketing approach in tourism and rural tourism, presented in this work, may serve as a basis for creating policy and developing marketing approach in B&H tourism and rural tourism.

UDK 630*6/.8(497.6) U ovom radu je izvršena analiza prihoda koji se ostvaruju u šumarstvu Federacije BiH po šumarskim preduzećima, te analiza strukture troškova koji se javljaju u poslovanju preduzeća. S obzirom da se prihodi preduzeća uglavnom baziraju na realizovanim drvnim sortimentima, odlučujuću ulogu u njihovom formiranju ima, pored cijena šumskih drvnih sortimenata i kvalitetna struktura etata. Cilj ove analize jeste da se ukaže na različite mogućnosti sticanja prihoda kao posljedice različitih uslova privređivanja preduzeća. Pored toga, struktura troškova je različita po pojedinim preduzećima zbog različite zastupljenosti materijalno-tehničkih i ljudskih resursa. Struktura cijene proizvodnje proizvoda šumarstva izrazito varira između preduzeća, što se neminovno odražava na njihovu rentabilnost, a takođe i na njihovu akumulativnu i reproduktivnu sposobnost. Iz toga proizilazi i ekonomska mogućnost realizacije potrebnih investicionih ulaganja, a prije svega bioloških investicija. Ranije analize pokazuje da se obim bioloških investicija usklađuje sa raspoloživim finansijskim mogućnostima preduzeća, a ne prema realnim potrebama u konkretnim situacijama (DELIĆ, 2008). To bi moglo dovesti do narušavanja principa održivosti, kao osnovnog principa gospodarenja šumskim resursima.

UDK 630*222:582.632.2(497.6 Sarajevo)          581.92:582.632.2(497.6 Sarajevo) U Bosni i Hercegovini od niskih (izdanačkih šuma), najveću površinu zauzimaju niske šume bukve. Ove šume su nastale pod snažnim antropogenim uticajem lokalnog stanovništva koje je sjeklo bukvu za ogrijev, a ne sistemskim gospodarenjem niskim šumama. Florističko - vegetacijske karakteristike kao i diverzitet ovih šuma je malo istraživan.

Schizophrenia can be a devastating lifelong psychotic disorder with a poor prognosis. National guidelines in the UK recommend the provision of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to all those suffering with psychotic disorders, but there is a lack of trained therapists in the UK able to provide such a treatment. Developing high quality automated technologies that can serve as an adjunct to conventional CBT should enhance the provision of this therapy, and increase the efficiency of the therapists in practice. The latter will occur by enabling alternate professionals to aid in the delivery of therapy, to enable behavioral experiments to be conducted in the clinic, and for sessions to be recorded and re-played such that the patient can deliver therapy to him or herself. As such the system will enable patients to become experts in, and providers of, their own treatment and decrease the number of sessions needed to be led by a trained CBT therapist. A key feature of any such system is the level of realism required to ensure a compelling session in which the user is not adversely affected by the system itself. This paper presents a high-fidelity virtual environment to help better understand the environmental triggers for psychosis.

Adresa za dopisivanje Dr. Samir Prohic Stomatoloski fakultet Sveucilista u Sarajevu Bolnicka 4a, 1000 Sarajevo sprohic@gmail.com Sažetak Koristiti se tvarima koje sprjecavaju resorpciju korijena bila bi alternativa slucajevima neuspjesnih replantacija zuba. Svrha: Željelo se ispitati otopinu alendronata (ALNa) kao intrakanalnog terapijskog sredstva za kasno reimplantirane zube. Materijali i postupci: Upotrijebljeni su zreli korjenovi mandibularnih premolara cetiriju pasa. Bili su endodontski tretirani, zatim ekstrahirani i suseni 45 minuta. Nakon toga su podijeljeni u dvije skupine: u prvoj skupini intrakanalno su ispirani otopinom 1mMola ALN-a te topikalnom aplikacijom ALN-a 1mMola; u drugoj skupini ucinjena je topikalna aplikacija ALN-a 1mMola. Zubi su replantirani u njihove odgovarajuce alveole. Životinje su žrtvovane cetiri mjeseca nakon reimplantacije te su uzorci procesirani za morfometrijsku i mikroskopsku analizu. Preostala korijenska masa mjerena je kako bi se dobio opseg gubitka strukture korjenova. Rezultati: Statisticka analiza bila je obavljena multiplim usporednim testom Scheffe F i pokazala je znatnu razliku između tretiranih skupina (p<0,005). Zakljucak: Rezultati upucuju na to da alendronati mogu smanjiti resorpciju korijena ako se primjenjuju u obliku intrakanalne i topikalne otopine i to mnogo uspjesnije nego kada se rabe samo kao topikalna otopina. Kljucne rijeci zub, replantacija; zub, korijen; zub, avulzija; alendronat Stomatoloski fakultet Sveucilista u Sarajevu, Bosna i Hercegovina School of Dental Medicine University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

The aim of the study was to compare quantitative dermatoglyphic traits of two ethnic groups with different origin and customs, living on the same territory. The dermatoglyphic prints were collected from 800 inhabitants of the Dukagjin valley in southwest Kosovo, of Albanian (400) and Turkish (400) ethnic origin. The quantitative analysis comprised the number of ridges and triradii on the fingers, and the number of ridges in the interdigital areas on the palm (a-b, b-c, and c-d) as well as the size of the atd angle. The statistical analysis showed significant differences between the Albanian and the Turkish males for two fingers and pattern intensity index left, and on palms for a-b rc and c-d rc on both hands and b-c re on the left hand, and between females for six fingers and almost all palmar traits. Significant inter-population variations were observed for most palmar areas in both sexes but more pronouncedly in females. The differences found between the examined population groups show that admixture between Albanian and Turkish population in Kosovo has been small, and the Turks have retained their ethnic identity for several centuries.

Quality of life in patients with cervical cancer FIGO IIb stage after concomitant chemoradiotherapy Background. The literature reports are unclear regarding the quality of life in patients after the concomitant chemoradiotherapy. Our aim was to define and compare the quality of life of patients with cervical cancer FIGO IIb stage before and after the concomitant chemoradiotherapy. Methods. Nineteen patients were irradiated to 45 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks to the pelvis and additional 20-24 Gy in 4-6 fractions were given by intracavitary high dosage rate (HDR) brachytherapy. Patients received 40 mg/m2 of cisplatin once a week, starting from the first day of the intracavitary brachytherapy treatment, which is a total of 4-6 cycles of cisplatin. Patients were surveyed with two questionnaires for the assessment of the quality of life. They were developed by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC): one was cancer specific (EORTC QLQ-C30) and one was site specific (EORTC QLQ-Cx24). Patients answered the questions for the period immediately before diagnosed cervical cancer (thus being a control group) and for the period starting 12 months after the completion of the concomitant chemoradiotherapy (thus being an experimental group). Results. A statistically significant difference between the median scores of these two groups has been found in the quality of life, role function, emotional function, social function, pain, fatigue and vaginal problems. Conclusions. The quality of life of patients with cervical cancer FIGO IIb stage was better after concomitant chemoradiotherapy than before it.