This work attempts to identify and estimate flexible system's parameters and states by a simple utilization of the Action-Reaction law of dynamical systems. Attached actuator to a dynamical system or environmental interaction imposes an action that is instantaneously followed by a dynamical system reaction. The dynamical system's reaction carries full information about the dynamical system including system parameters, dynamics and externally applied forces that arise due to system interaction with the environment. This in turn implies that the dynamical system's reaction can be considered as a natural feedback as it carries full coupled information about the dynamical system. The idea is experimentally implemented on a dynamical system with three flexible modes, then it can be extended to the more complicated structures with infinite flexible modes.

Crna slavonska svinja je autohtona hrvatska pasmina ciji nastanak datira iz druge polovine 19 stoljeca. Stvorio ju je grof Pfeiffer križanjima krmaca Crne Mangalice s Berksir nerastima, a križanci su povremeno popravljani križanjem s Poland China nerastima. Do 1950-tih Crna slavonska svinja bila je najrasirenija pasmina u Slavoniji i uvelike se koristila za proizvodnju masti i tradicionalnih mesnih proizvoda. Uvođenjem modernih pasmina i križanaca, broj Crnih slavonskih svinja drasticno se smanjio te je tijekom 1990-tih opstanak pasmine postao ugrožen. Kao rezultat poduzetih mjera zastite i državnih poticaja efektivna populacija dosta se povecala posljednjih godina te u 2008. godini brojala 78 nerasta i 669 krmaca. Pasmina je dobro prilagođena za držanje na otvorenom i tradicionalni sustav uzgoja koji ukljucuje iskoristavanje pasnjaka i sumskih ispasa uz prihranu malim kolicinama žitarica. Velicina legala je mala, u prosjeku 7 do 8 prasadi. Tovne sposobnosti također su skromne uz niske dnevne priraste i visok udio masti u trupu. Međutim, pasmina se odlikuje dobrom kakvocom mesa uz posebice visok udio intramuskularne masnoce (6-7%) i visoku vrijednost mesnih prerađevina. Povecanje proizvodnje i razvoj tržista tradicionalnih mesnih proizvoda, kao sto je Slavonski kulen, može u buducnosti predstavljati najbolji put za dugorocno ocuvanje Crne slavonske pasmine kao sastavnog dijela bioloske raznolikosti.

The aim of this study was to determine whether early rehabilitation from the first postoperative day after lumbar disc herniation surgery improved functional status of patients compared to the rehabilitation that started 3 weeks after surgery. Oswestry index was used for functional status assessment before surgery and after rehabilitation in 60 patients divided in 2 groups, i.e., early and control group of rehabilitation strated 3 weeks after surgery, 30 in each. Oswestry index values before surgery and after rehabilitation in the early rehabilitation group were 78.4 +/- 17 and 19.6 +/- 9.9, respectively (p < 0.0001) and in the control group the values were 79 +/- 13 and 37 +/- 14, respectively (p < 0.0001). The difference of Oswestry index before operation and after rehabilitation in the early rehabilitation group was 58.7 +/- 18.9, and in the control group 41.6 +/- 13.2 (p = 0.0001). Onset of rehabilitation from the first post operative day lead to better functional recovery compared to delayed rehabilitation 3 weeks after lumbar disc herniation surgery.

CONTEXT Blood-based analytes may be indicators of pathological processes in Alzheimer disease (AD). OBJECTIVE To identify plasma proteins associated with AD pathology using a combined proteomic and neuroimaging approach. DESIGN Discovery-phase proteomics to identify plasma proteins associated with correlates of AD pathology. Confirmation and validation using immunodetection in a replication set and an animal model. SETTING A multicenter European study (AddNeuroMed) and the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. PARTICIPANTS Patients with AD, subjects with mild cognitive impairment, and healthy controls with standardized clinical assessments and structural neuroimaging. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Association of plasma proteins with brain atrophy, disease severity, and rate of clinical progression. Extension studies in humans and transgenic mice tested the association between plasma proteins and brain amyloid. RESULTS Clusterin/apolipoprotein J was associated with atrophy of the entorhinal cortex, baseline disease severity, and rapid clinical progression in AD. Increased plasma concentration of clusterin was predictive of greater fibrillar amyloid-beta burden in the medial temporal lobe. Subjects with AD had increased clusterin messenger RNA in blood, but there was no effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding clusterin with gene or protein expression. APP/PS1 transgenic mice showed increased plasma clusterin, age-dependent increase in brain clusterin, as well as amyloid and clusterin colocalization in plaques. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate an important role of clusterin in the pathogenesis of AD and suggest that alterations in amyloid chaperone proteins may be a biologically relevant peripheral signature of AD.