Objective. To assess whether psychosocial support of the School Projectof the Humanitarian Society (HS) “Prijateljice (Girlfriends)” hada positive eff ect on reducing posttraumatic consequences in Bosnia-Herzegovina primary and secondary school students, aft er the 1992-1995 war. Subjects and Methods. A stratifi ed sample of 336 students,aged 13.5±1.6 (10 to18) years, in primary and secondary schools, involvedin psychosocial support, were compared with 72 randomly selectedpeers from the same schools, not involved in this project. Datawere collected in December 2005 and in May 2006. Th e Children’sDepression Inventory and the Child Post-Traumatic Stress ReactionIndex were utilized. Statistical analysis involved McNemar’s test, Students’t-test, Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation test. Results.According to DSM, the prevalence of PTSD and depression amongstudents involved in the School Project, signifi cantly decreased from46.1% to 13.4% and 25.6% to 1.8%, respectively (McNemar’s test,P<0.001; P<0.001, respectively). In the control group the prevalenceof PTSP and depression decreased from 30.5% to 23.6% and 22.2%to 11.1%, respectively, with no signifi cance (McNemar’s test, p=0.332;p=0.077, signifi cantly). Girls had a signifi cantly higher prevalence ofboth PTSD and depression compared to the boys. Age, the numberof traumatic episodes, and suicidal behavior correlated with the intensityof PTSD symptoms and depression symptoms. Conclusions.Psychosocial support within the School Project resulted in a signifi -cant reduction of PTSP and depression amongst the involved studentscompared to the controls. Schools and other institutions ought to envisageas many projects as possible to be implemented in school andout-of-school to assist young people to overcome more easily the consequencesof the war in their development.

Th e regular yearly professional and scientifi cmeetings, the Pula Symposia (now Congresses),for more than 50 years, demonstrates theirspecial lasting value and deserves great respect.Founded during the “Cold War” (in 1961) onthe “crossroads of worlds and ideologies,” theInternational Neuropsychiatric Pula Congresses(INPC) are also a good example of quality incooperation between psychiatrists and neurologistsin Central and South-East Europe: so theyhold a special position amongst other similarscientifi c and professional manifestations.

UVOD: Poznato je da mnoge neuroloske bolesti, ukljucujuci i cerebrovaskularni inzult (CVI), dovode do porasta nivoa anksioznosti i depresivnosti, kao i smanjenja kognitivnog funkcionisanja. CILJ: je uporediti nivo kognitivnog funkcionisanja, anksioznosti, depresivnosti i beznadnosti pacijenata sa urednim neuroloskim nalazom lijecenih od CVI sa pacijentima lijecenim od anksiozno depresivnog poremecaja (ADP). METODE: Analiziran je 71 pacijent (40 ili 56% žena) sa dijagnostifikovanim CVI i urednim neuroloskim nalazom prosjecne dobi 60+-8,9 godina, prosjecnog perioda lijecenja 2+-3,2 godine. Drugu grupu ispitanika je cinilo 35 pacijenata (26 ili 74% žena) lijecenih od ADP prosjecne dobi 49,6+-12,3 godina sa prosjecnim periodom lijecenja 1,8 godina. U analizi su upotrijebljeni: Bekova skala anksioznosti (BAI), Bekova skala depresivnosti (BDI), Bekova skala beznadežnosti (BHS) i Mini pregled mentalnog statusa (MMS). REZULTATI: Prosjecan nivo depresivnosti mjeren sa BDI CVI grupe je bio 21,8+-11,6, dok je u grupi sa ADP iznosio 27,1+-11,8, sto je signifikantno vise (p=0,0317). Prosjecna stopa anksioznosti mjerena sa BAI ispitanika nakon CVI je iznosila 22+-10,7, dok je u grupi sa ADP iznosila signifikantno vise (p=0,0111) odnosno 27,9+-12. Prosjecan nivo beznadnosti u grupi sa CVI je bio7,4+-4,5, dok je u grupi sa ADP iznosio 7,1+-3,5, te nije bilo znacajne razlike među grupama (p=0,7368). Prosjecan nivo kognitivnog funkcionisanja mjeren sa MMS je iznosio 25,5+-2,9 u grupi pacijenata sa CVI, te 26,9+2,9, signifikantno vise (p=0,030), u grupi pacijenata sa ADP. ZAKLJUCAK: Pacijenti lijeceni od CVI sa urednim neuroloskim statusom imaju evidentne kognitivne i emocionalne smetnje. Nivoi anksioznosti, depresivnosti, no i kognitivnog funkcionisanmja su signifikantno manji kod ove grupe ispitanika poređeno sa pacijentima lijecenim od ADP. Ovo može imati uticaja na dalju dijagnosticku i terapijsku strategiju.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of inflammation on perfusion regulation and brain volumes in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 147 subjects (71 diabetic and 76 nondiabetic, aged 65.2 ± 8 years) were studied using 3T anatomical and continuous arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. Analysis focused on the relationship between serum soluble vascular and intercellular adhesion molecules (sVCAM and sICAM, respectively, both markers of endothelial integrity), regional vasoreactivity, and tissue volumes. RESULTS Diabetic subjects had greater vasoconstriction reactivity, more atrophy, depression, and slower walking. Adhesion molecules were specifically related to gray matter atrophy (P = 0.04) and altered vasoreactivity (P = 0.03) in the diabetic and control groups. Regionally, sVCAM and sICAM were linked to exaggerated vasoconstriction, blunted vasodilatation, and increased cortical atrophy in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes (P = 0.04–0.003). sICAM correlated with worse functionality. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes is associated with cortical atrophy, vasoconstriction, and worse performance. Adhesion molecules, as markers of vascular health, have been indicated to contribute to altered vasoregulation and atrophy.