Early studies supposed that personality traits and students’ life, which include brings many social and academic changes, may be relevant factors in initiation and maintenance of smoking. The aims of this study were to investigate differences in personality dimensions, as well as exposure to stressful life events among students’ smokers and nonsmokers and finally to examine the predictive contribution of these variables to smoking status. The study was conducted on the sample of 200 students from the University of Mostar, with a median age of 21 (interquartile range, 3) who completed Goldberg’s Personality Questionnaire and Scale of stressful life events. The group of students who never smoke (N = 101) and the group of smokers (N = 99) took part in the study. The results have shown that personality dimension of neuroticism and stressful life events related to social alienation, academic failure and everyday social conflict differed the smokers and non-smokers group. The smokers had higher scores in comparison to non-smokers group of students. Neuroticism and stressful life events academic failure and academic maladjustment were also significant predictors to smoking status.

ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of rehabilitation, to determine the prevalence of major risk factors in cerebrovascular accident and their consequences, as well as to propose measures and procedures that will affect the better rehabilitation. Methods: The survey analyzed: age, sex, duration of rehabilitation, activities in daily life through the Barthel index at admission and at discharge, presence of risk factors HTA and DM. The study included a total of 116 patients, the majority of patients are older than 61 years. We had 49% of male patients and 51% of female patients and they spent 31-40 days at the rehabilitation. Results: The most common risk factor is HTA (83%) and diabetes (33%). Most of the patients at admission had a BI from 0 to 4 (32.7%), and at discharge BI in the range 17-20 (36.2%). Statistical analysis shows that there is a statistically significant correlation between the BI at admission, BI at discharge and risk factors of HTA and diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: the rehabilitation results in most patients is good results of rehabilitation. The most important risk factors in patients are HTA, DM and directly affect on results of rehabilitation. For the better results we should have energetic fight against risk factors for HTA and DM through primary and secondary prevention and patient education about early detection and treatment of these risk factors.

ABSTRACT Goal: The goal of this study was to determine relationship between the sensitivity and specificity of testicular volume (TV) and testicular atrophy index (TAI) in the indirect assessment of functional ability of cryptorchid testicles. Material and Methods: The study included sixty children with unilateral cryptorchidism who were treated surgically at the Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo. We evaluated the correlation of the size of cryptorchid testicles with its locations in various age groups. Results: The results showed a significant decrease in TV and TAI in the all cryptorchid groups after the sixth month of age compared with the same parameters in control group (p<0.001). It is also determined a strong correlation between the TV and TAI of cryptorchid testicles with its locations in various age groups. Conclusion: Our results showed that the average volume of cryptorchid testicles decreased after the sixth month as well as that the reduction of testicular size correlated with increasing distance of cryptorchid testicles from the scrotum.

ABSTRACT The aim: of this study was to compare two methods of polypropylene mesh fixation for inguinal hernia repair according to Lichtenstein using fibrin glue and suture fixation. Material and Methods: The study included 60 patients with unilateral inguinal hernia, divided into two groups of 30 patients – Suture fixation and fibrin glue fixation. All patients were analyzed according to: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), indication for surgery–the type, localization and size of the hernia, preoperative level of pain and the type of surgery. Overall postoperative complications and the patient’s ability to return to regular activities were followed for 3 months. Results and discussion: Statistically significant difference in the duration of surgery, pain intensity and complications (p<0.05) were verified between method A, the group of patients whose inguinal hernia was repaired using polypropylene mesh–fibrin glue and method B, where inguinal hernia was repaired with polypropylene mesh using suture fixation. Given the clinical research, this systematic review of existing results on the comparative effectiveness, will help in making important medical decisions about options for surgical treatment of inguinal hernia. Conclusions: The results of this study may impact decision making process for recommendations of methods of treatment by professional associations, making appropriate decisions on hospital procurement of materials, as well as coverage of health funds and insurance.

Background: Higher cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in depressed patient has demonstrated repeatedly. Aim: Determine the degree of occurrence of hypertension, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and depression in the pit miners and the impact of the six-month holistic treatment of all CV risk factors and depression in the overall CV risk in miners with hypertension, MetS and depression. Methods: From 492 pit miners was taken smoking status, measured blood pressure, waist circumference and body mass index. Analysis was done using the concentration of sugar in blood, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL cholesterol and determined total CV risk. All respondents filled self-assessment Beck's depression scale. Prevalence MetS hypertension and depression were determined. Group of 67 patients with joint hypertension, MetS and depression that is treated six months with psychotropic and somatotropin medication, was singled out. After six months, the effect of therapy on the risk factors and total CV was assessed. Results: Among 492 miners 67 (13,61%) of them had hypertension, MetS and depression. After six months treatment, it showed statistically significant reduction in blood pressure (p=0,0001), waist circumference (p=0,0001) ,total (p=0,002), HDL (p=0,007) and LDL cholesterol (p=0,003), smoking (p=0,002), Beck's scale results (p=0,007) and reduction in total CV risk. Conclusion: After six month of combine therapy in respondents has led to reduced CV risk and level of all factors, except BMI and triglycerides.

The nature of mental disorders, the attitudes and prejudices of the social community towards psychiatric patients, the behavior and treatment of mental patients, all bring about numerous dilemmas and prejudices. When a patient is diagnosed with a mental disorder, he may suffer restrictions in the field of general human rights. However, the biggest problems in clinical practice occur in the treatment of patients who, besides their mental disorder also have a somatic disease. We report a 56-years-old female with a severe renal failure who refused to undergo dialysis. Following the patient's refusal to sign an informed consent, a psychiatrist was called in for consultation and diagnosed an acute psychotic reaction. To manage the delusions and acute psychotic reactions, risperidone in the dose of 2 mg was started. After 22 days, the patient still had marked psychotic symptoms. A psychiatrist, a nephrologist and an anesthesiologist, in the presence of the spouse on the grounds of her life-threatening condition, decided to apply the necessary medical procedures even without the patient's consent. A day after the start of dialysis the patient still had delusional ideas, but without the presence of anxiety, and the patient no longer offered resistance to dialysis. Four days after the first dialysis, the patient was calm, had vague memories about the entire previous period, and signed the informed consent concerning her further treatment.

Goals: The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the organization and coordination of multidisciplinary team consisted of health and kinesiology professionals at the correction of posture among girls in the period of the second phase of intense growth and development. Material and methods: Testing was conducted on a sample of 70 girls, aged 11.9±2.3 years, in which by the expert evaluation is recorded weakness of individual muscle groups, but also of the whole musculature. For the assessment of posture we applied the method of Napoleon Wolanski. Used are 9 variables that included the observed region of the body and an overall assessment of posture. The subjects were included in the program of kinesiology treatment with duration of 28 weeks. For all the parameters have been applied statistical procedures at univariate and multivariate level. Results: Data on subjects were obtained by measuring the same variables at two time points, i.e. before and after the application of kinesiology treatments. Analyses of differences arithmetic mean and mean values were done with the t-test for paired samples. In order to determine global quantitative differences of tested variables tested discriminant analysis was applied. The results showed that the models which complement the experience and practical application of expert health professionals and kinesiology knowledge is a very effective tool for improving posture of girls in the second phase of intensive growth and development. In this way can be prevented health problems that might arise later in life.