The development and validation of a liquid chromatography– tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for the determination of adapalene in pharmaceutical forms for skin application were presented in this study. The MS/MS analysis of adapalene was performed by use of three mobile phases, consisted of acetonitrile and a) 0.1 % formic acid, b) 0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid and c) 20 mM ammonium acetate. The strongest signals of parent ion and dominant product ion were obtained in negative mode by use of the mobile phase c). The validation of this method was performed according to the ICH gu­idelines. Small variations of selected chromatographic parameters (concen­tra­tion of ammonium acetate, mobile phase composition, column temperature and flow rate) did not affect sig­nificantly the qualitative and quantitative sys­tem responses, which proved the method’s robustness. The method is specific for the determination of adapalene. The linearity was proved in the concentra­tion range of 6.7–700.0 ng mL -1 ( r  = 0.9990), with limits of detection and quantific­ation of 2.0 and 6.7 ng mL -1 , respectively. The accuracy was con­firmed by cal­culated recoveries (98.4–101.5 %). The precision was tested at three levels: injection repeatability, analysis repeatability and intermediate pre­cision. The calcu­lated relative standard deviations were less than 1, 2 and 3 %, respect­ively.

In this article, temperature-responsive window system based on phase change materials is studied by using experimental and numerical methods. The problem is analyzed for the real case (natural environment) and lab environment. Impact of glazing cavity size on the temperature flattening period and its limitations are determined and mathematically described. The results show that the design is effective in reducing interior air temperature variation by increasing the cavity thickness up to 24 mm, which is limited by solid/liquid volume fraction for particular environment.

The aim of this article is to describe the process of implementation of the GPS system for telemetric monitoring in the mining industry. The paper presents the components of this system, supporting infrastructure and capabilities that can be achieved by implementing such a project. In addition to the opportunities provided by this system, telemetry monitoring is given the possibility of extension with monitoring additional information. Below is the current implementation of the phase, field management, constraints, objectives and estimated time for the implementation of such projects.

Tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat plants were grown on the field in natural conditions at high elevation. Tartary buckwheat plants were foliarly treated with Se and S (126 μM for each element). Seeds were collected and sown to obtain the progeny of Se-and S- treated plants. Concentration of Se was measured in these plants. Concentration of Se in all plant parts was similar in control and S treated plants. The concentration of Se was the highest in plants from seeds grown on Se treated plants in roots and leaves. It is shown that Se treatments in previous generation affected Se concentration in the progeny of Tartary buckwheat. Results also showed that in untreated plants, Se concentration was higher in Tartary comparing to common buckwheat in roots and seeds.  Key words: Tartary buckwheat, selenium, sulphur Navadna in tatarska ajda sta uspevali na njivi na visoki nadmorski visini. Tatarsko ajdo smo listno skropili s selenom in žveplom (126 μM za vsak element). Na koncu rastne sezone smo na rastlinah zbrali semena in jih naslednje leto posejali. Na ta nacin smo dobili potomce s Se in S obravnavanih rastlin. V teh rastlinah smo merili koncentracijo Se. Koncentracija Se pri tatarski ajdi je bila v vseh rastlinskih delih podobna pri kontrolnih rastlinah in rastlinah, zrastlih iz semen, obravanavanih s S. Najvisjo koncentracijo Se v listih in koreninah so imele rastline, zrasle iz semen, nabranih na rastlinah, listno skropljenih s Se. Rezultati kažejo, da se obravnavanje s Se v prvi generaciji izrazi v vecji koncentraciji Se v potomkah teh rastlin pri tatarski ajdi. Izsledki raziskav so prav tako pokazali, da je koncentracija Se v kontrolnih rastlinah v koreninah in semenih visja pri tatarski ajdi v primerjavi z navadno ajdo.  Kljucne besede: tatarska ajda, selen, žveplo

Introduction: Various risk factors contribute to the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction as the most serious type of ischemic heart disease and the leading cause of sudden death worldwide. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of changeable and unchangeable risk factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction in the Republic of Srpska. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients treated for acute myocardial infarction at the University Clinical Center of Banja Luka, in the period from January 1st to December 31st, 2011. The patients were from the municipalities of Banja Luka and Laktaši. We analyzed the following risk factors: hypertension, total cholesterol values, diabetes, increased body weight and obesity, smoking, family history and physical inactivity. Results: Out of 273 patients, the majority were male (64%), and there was a statistically significant difference between age and sex (p <0.01) of the respondents. The most common risk factor for both genders was hypertension (70.1%), while the least frequent risk factor was diabetes mellitus (25.6%). Smokers and ex-smokers accounted for 58.1%, with a statistical significance between men and women (p <0.01). The average BMI in both genders was in the overweight category (27.69 kg / m2). A positive family history was found in almost half of the respondents (49.4%), with a statistically significant difference between age groups and family history (p = 0.036). Conclusion: Acute myocardial infarction mainly affects men in their sixties, while women are averagely affected nine years later than men. The number one risk factor for both genders is hypertension. Given the large impact of risk factors on the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction, priority must be given to the prevention and control of the aforementioned, especially in the primary health care.

, ABSTRACT Introduction: Traumatic flail chest is segment of the chest wall, which is caused by multiple fractures or by separation of bone structures (at least three sequential broken ribs or separated into two fracture lines). These injuries are mainly seen in polytrauma patients. Aim of the Study: Our aim is to show the therapeutic benefits of surgical treatment (operative stabilization) of the flail chest. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent surgery at the Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, in the period from 01. 12. 1997 - 04. 06. 2016. Results: 50 patients with traumatic flail chest with average age of 47.42 years were surgically treated in the twenty-year period at the Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka. The average length of a hospital stay was 15 days. Survival rate in the operated group was 91.43%. Conclusion: If conservative measures such as internal stabilization, the use of analgesics, antibiotics, oxygen therapy and airway toilet does not lead to stabilization of respiratory function, surgical chest wall stabilization is necessary.