Adequate management of organizational changes is a crucial determinant of business success for banks today. Transformational leadership aligns with the conditions of dynamic changes in banks by creating an appropriate business climate of trust, thus impacting the achievement of the organization’s goals and results. Today, banks strive to be leaders in change, continuously providing innovative business solutions, which require proper management. Given the strategic decisions of banks to pursue new ideas and new ways of conducting business, which alter culture, climate, and value systems, it is crucial to apply the appropriate leadership style to effectively achieve desired results and business objectives. The problem in achieving these tasks is the occurrence of employee resistance to change, hence the significant role of the leader as the bearer of change. This paper presents the results of empirical research conducted in the banking sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina, aimed at determining the impact of transformational leadership on employee resistance to change in banks. The research included 90 respondents from 15 banks (65% of the total number of banks). Each bank included 6 respondents, with managers as the first stratum and employees as the second stratum. The authors believe that the application of transformational leadership in the banking sector can lead to a reduction in resistance to change, as well as expand scientific knowledge in the field of leadership in banking and create concrete recommendations for bank managers to apply in practice to improve business operations. Demonstrating transformational leadership as the dominant style of leading changes in the banking sector and determining its impact on employee resistance is the fundamental goal of this paper. It provides bank managers with valid information on the adequacy of applying appropriate leadership styles, thus offering a reliable basis for decision-making related to the process of implementing changes and ultimately achieving better business results.

The hexacyclic system graph Fn is the graph derived from a linear hexagonal chain Ln with n > 1 hexagons by identifying two pairs of ends of Ln. The M¨obious hexacyclic system graph Mn is the graph derived from a linear hexagonal chain Ln with n > 1 hexagons by identifying two pairs of ends of Ln with a twist. In this paper, we compute, in a closed form, the resolvent energy, the Laplacian and the signless Laplacian resolvent energy, as well as the resolvent Estrada index and the resolvent signless Estrada index of Fn and Mn. All five indices are expressed as a rational function in the number n of hexagons, defined in terms of Chebyshev polynomials of the first and the second kind. Those expressions allow for a fast numerical computation of indices and for deducing sharp bounds on their growth.

The paper is concerned with hexacyclic systems (Fn) and their M¨obius counterparts (Mn). Continuing the studies in MATCH Commun. Math. Comput. Chem. 94 (2025) 477, the characteristic polynomial and the eigenvalues of the Sombor matrix of Fn and Mn, and the respective Sombor energies are determined. Upper and lower bounds for the Sombor energy in terms of the number of hexagons are also obtained.

Let $M$ be a finite volume hyperbolic Riemann surface with arbitrary signature, and let $\chi$ be an arbitrary $m$-dimensional multiplier system of weight $k$. Let $R(s,\chi)$ be the associated Ruelle zeta function, and $\varphi(s,\chi)$ the determinant of the scattering matrix. We prove the functional equation that $R(s,\chi)\varphi(s,\chi) = R(-s,\chi)\varphi(s,\chi)H(s,\chi)$ where $H(s,\chi)$ is a meromorphic function of order one explicitly determined using the topological data of $M$ and of $\chi$, and the trigonometric function $\sin(s)$. From this, we determine the order of the divisor of $R(s,\chi)$ at $s=0$ and compute the lead coefficient in its Laurent expansion at $s=0$. When combined with results by Kitano and by Yamaguchi, we prove further instances of the Fried conjecture, which states that the R-torsion of the above data is simply expressed in terms of $R(0,\chi)$.

. We obtain a meromorphic continuation of the generalized Tribonacci zeta function to the whole complex plane. The residues of the generalized Tribonacci zeta functions associated to the third-order Jacobsthal, Tribonacci and Narayana sequence at negative inte-ger poles are computed.

Let X be a smooth, compact, projective Kähler variety and D be a divisor of a holomorphic form F , and assume that D is smooth up to codimension two. Let ω be a Kähler form on X and KX the corresponding heat kernel which is associated to the Laplacian that acts on the space of smooth functions on X. Using various integral transforms of KX , we will construct a meromorphic function in a complex variable s whose special value at s = 0 is the log-norm of F with respect to μ. In the case when X is the quotient of a symmetric space, then the function we construct is a generalization of the so-called elliptic Eisenstein series which has been defined and studied for finite volume Riemann surfaces.

Abstract In [20], Rohrlich proved a modular analog of Jensen’s formula. Under certain conditions, the Rohrlich–Jensen formula expresses an integral of the log-norm $\log \Vert f \Vert $ of a ${\mathrm {PSL}}(2,{\mathbb {Z}})$ modular form f in terms of the Dedekind Delta function evaluated at the divisor of f. In [2], the authors re-interpreted the Rohrlich–Jensen formula as evaluating a regularized inner product of $\log \Vert f \Vert $ and extended the result to compute a regularized inner product of $\log \Vert f \Vert $ with what amounts to powers of the Hauptmodul of $\mathrm {PSL}(2,{\mathbb {Z}})$ . In the present article, we revisit the Rohrlich–Jensen formula and prove that in the case of any Fuchsian group of the first kind with one cusp it can be viewed as a regularized inner product of special values of two Poincaré series, one of which is the Niebur–Poincaré series and the other is the resolvent kernel of the Laplacian. The regularized inner product can be seen as a type of Maass–Selberg relation. In this form, we develop a Rohrlich–Jensen formula associated with any Fuchsian group $\Gamma $ of the first kind with one cusp by employing a type of Kronecker limit formula associated with the resolvent kernel. We present two examples of our main result: First, when $\Gamma $ is the full modular group ${\mathrm {PSL}}(2,{\mathbb {Z}})$ , thus reproving the theorems from [2]; and second when $\Gamma $ is an Atkin–Lehner group $\Gamma _{0}(N)^+$ , where explicit computations of inner products are given for certain levels N when the quotient space $\overline {\Gamma _{0}(N)^+}\backslash \mathbb {H}$ has genus zero, one, and two.

In Cogdell et al., LMS Lecture Notes Series 459, 393–427 (2020), the authors proved an analogue of Kronecker’s limit formula associated to any divisorD which is smooth in codimension one on any smooth Kähler manifold X . In the present article, we apply the aforementioned Kronecker limit formula in the case when X is complex projective space CP for n ≥ 2 and D is a hyperplane, meaning the divisor of a linear form PD(z) for z = (Zj) ∈ CP. Our main result is an explicit evaluation of the Mahler measure of PD as a convergent series whose each term is given in terms of rational numbers, multinomial coefficients, and the L-norm of the vector of coefficients of PD.

Let M be a finite volume, non-compact hyperbolic Riemann surface, possibly with elliptic fixed points, and let $$\chi $$ χ denote a finite dimensional unitary representation of the fundamental group of M . Let $$\Delta $$ Δ denote the hyperbolic Laplacian which acts on smooth sections of the flat bundle over M associated with $$\chi $$ χ . From the spectral theory of $$\Delta $$ Δ , there are three distinct sequences of numbers: the first coming from the eigenvalues of $$L^{2}$$ L 2 eigenfunctions, the second coming from resonances associated with the continuous spectrum, and the third being the set of negative integers. Using these sequences of spectral data, we employ the super-zeta approach to regularization and introduce two super-zeta functions, $$\mathcal {Z}_-(s,z)$$ Z - ( s , z ) and $$\mathcal {Z}_+(s,z)$$ Z + ( s , z ) that encode the spectrum of $$\Delta $$ Δ in such a way that they can be used to define the regularized determinant of $$\Delta -z(1-z)I$$ Δ - z ( 1 - z ) I . The resulting formula for the regularized determinant of $$\Delta -z(1-z)I$$ Δ - z ( 1 - z ) I in terms of the Selberg zeta function, see Theorem 5.3, encodes the symmetry $$z\leftrightarrow 1-z$$ z ↔ 1 - z .