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Aida Mehmedagić

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Anticoagulant therapy is most commonly assessed by measuring the effect of the drug on global clotting assay, such as APTT. It is known that response of the APTT to heparin may be decreased in patients with high levels of factor VIII. In this work, we have attempted to determine in vitro conditions of experiment for obtaining relationship between different concentrations of heparin and values of APTT, and to investigate influence of factor VIII on correlation between concentrations of heparin and APTT. Measurement of the effect of heparin, added in vitro in normal coagulation control plasma (NCCP) showed that heparin in concentrations from 0.1 to 1.0 IU/mL prolonged APTT from 0.73 s to 99.26 s. Linearity of the relation of natural logarithm of APTT and concentration of added heparin in plasma for concentrations from 0.5 to 1.0 IU/mL (r = 0.995), and other characteristics of the validated method (RSD = 1.17%), made possible investigation of the influence of factor VIII addition in the solution. The addition of the Factor VIII concentrate, markedly influenced these APTT results. Increased factor VIII activity shortened the APTT, having more pronounced effect in the presence of the large amounts of heparin. Increased factor VIII was associated with downward shift in the concentration -- logAPTT response curve (y = 24644 x + 30.17 vs. y = 10.864 x + 27.256). This finding suggests the possibility for modeling of ex vivo establishment of correlation between plasma activity of FVIII and needed doses of heparin for appropriate management of heparin therapy.

In order to achieve the multi-claim products required for the dental care category, it is necessary for the formulator to use a variety of different ingredients. This places a number of demands on the development process. Innovations in the areas of pharmaceutical technology have contributed to the formulation of the products having superior efficacy as well as other attributes that may contribute to clinical response and patient acceptability. Improved clinical efficacy and tolerability, along with conditioning signals, should encourage patient compliance with oral hygiene further complementing professional efforts directed at disease prevention. The most effective way of preventing the development of dental disease is in controlling the production of dental plaque. It is formed by microbial action. The removal of plaque from the teeth and related areas is essential for the maintenance of a healthy mouth. In this paper we have presented the main components of toothpastes and mouthwashes. For the active ingredients, their supposed effect as therapeutic agents is also explained.

A. Mehmedagić, E. Vranić, S. Hadžović, M. Pokrajac, Jela Milić, B. Mehić, H. Zutić, A. Konjicija

Sustained-release theophylline pellets formulation for once-daily evening administration significantly improved patients compliance and adjusted serum levels profile of the drug. The patients conversion from i.v. to p.o. therapy is one of the most critical steps in the treatment of asthma according to its chronopathophysiological character. In our study we have examined safety and efficiency of this conversion in twelve hospitalised asthmatic patients who were given the new sustained-release theophylline pellets formulation for once-daily evening administration. The lung function parameters (FEV1, VC, RV, and Rt) and serum theophylline concentrations were monitored. So, the values obtained for the last day of i.v. therapy and the fifth day of p.o. therapy were compared. We found that 75% of the patients had no change or improved lung function on the conversion. Our results indicate that this conversion from i.v. to p.o. theophylline therapy is safe and could be efficacious. Also, the maximum theophylline serum levels could safely be predicted by measuring only one serum concentration in p.o. therapy with sustained-release theophylline pellets formulation for once-daily evening administration.

In recent years, drug release/dissolution from solid dosage forms has been the subject of intense and profitable scientific developments. Whenever a new solid dosage form is developed or produced, it is necessary to ensure that drug dissolution occurs in an appropriate manner. The pharmaceutical industry and the registration authorities do focus, nowadays, on drug dissolution studies. The quantitative analysis of the values obtained in dissolution/release tests is easier when mathematical formulas that express the dissolution results as a function of some of the dosage forms characteristics are used. This work discusses the analysis of data obtained for dissolution profiles under different media pH conditions using mathematical methods of analysis described by Moore and Flanner. These authors have described difference factor (f1) and similarity factor (f2), which can be used to characterise drug dissolution/release profiles. In this work we have used these formulas for evaluation of dissolution profiles of the conventional tablets in different pH of dissolution medium (range of physiological variations).

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