Patients who have survived myocardial infarction (MI), compared to the general population, have an increased risk of reinfarction, myocardial revascularization, and death. In this study we investigated the prognostic significance of the predictors of the risk for adverse coronary events in 118 patients, both male and female, with a confirmed diagnosis of MI in the last 3 years. The predictors of reinfarction, revascularization and death in patients who survived MI were: poor adherence to hypolipemics (hazard ratio [HR] 3.06, p=0.006), physical inactivity (HR 2.22, p=0.056), the number of variable risk factors (HR 1.29, p=0.025), and age (HR 1.06, p=0.007). After the inclusion of the invariable risk factors in the model of multivariant analysis, the following factors were singled out as significant predictors of the risk: gender (HR 3.86, p=0.0015), physical inactivity (HR 2.38, p=0.007), change in the level of triglycerides (HR 1.49, p=0.040), change in the number of variable risk factors (HR 1.41, p=0.0007), and age (HR 1.05, p=0.009). A 3-year follow-up of the patients who survived the first MI and who were enrolled in this study of secondary prevention demonstrated that physical inactivity, the number of variable risk factors and age significantly contributed to an increased risk of reinfarction, revascularization, and death.

» Sažetak. Pol, godine života, pušenje, arterijska hipertenzija, dijabetes melitus, dislipidemija i gojaznost su faktori rizika za nastanak kardioyaskularnih (KV) bolesti. Neki od njih su promjenljivi, а na neke se ne može uticati. Cilj rada je bio da se utvrdi prevalenca pojedinih faktora rizika kod osoba sa visokim rizikom za nastanak fatalnih KV dogadaja. Ispitanici su birani metodom slučajnog izbora, a na osnovu procjene KV rizika podijeljeni su и grupu sa visokim i grupu sa niskim rizikom za nastanak fatalnog KV dogadaja. Od pojedinih faktor rizika najzastupljeniji je bio povišena vrijednost ukupnog holesterola (90,48%), zatim LDL holesterola (80,95%), a zatim arterijska hipertenzija (76,19%). Neophodno je da se faktori rizika za KV bolesti kontinuirano prate i da se njihovom modifikacijom radi na prevenciji fatalnih KV dogadaja. Kod osoba sa manifestnom KV bolešću trebalo bi spriječiti napredovanje i récidivé bolesti, a kod asimptomatskih bi trebalo otkrivati faktore rizika i vršiti procjenu KV rizika i time spriječiti nastanak manifestnog oboljenja.