Aging residential buildings in urban areas require effective thermal insulation to enhance energy efficiency and indoor comfort. In Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), expanded polystyrene (EPS) is the most commonly used insulation material due to its affordability, despite concerns regarding its flammability and environmental impact. While regulatory changes since 2019 have recommended rock wool for high-rise buildings, the absence of binding fire safety regulations has allowed the continued use of EPS, often driven by financial constraints. This study examines energy efficiency refurbishments in Sarajevo’s high-rise residential buildings and analyze the implications of the partial implementation of recommended measures. Using case studies, surveys, and expert interviews, this research identifies key challenges, such as limited funding, fragmented renovations, and inconsistent coordination between stakeholders. The findings indicate that facade insulation is often prioritized over comprehensive upgrades, including window replacement and heating system improvements, leading to suboptimal energy savings and minimal cost reductions for residents. Additionally, the complexity of multi-apartment ownership structures hinders uniform improvements in energy efficiency. Despite these challenges, property values tend to increase after renovation, highlighting the long-term financial benefits. To maximize energy savings and ensure sustainable urban housing, stronger interdisciplinary collaboration, improved funding mechanisms, and adherence to fire-safety standards are necessary. These measures would enhance the effectiveness of renovations and support long-term energy efficiency strategies.

<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The research focuses on the efficiency of sound barriers in protecting against traffic-induced noise, with a specific focus on the example of barrier construction along the "A" highway in Sarajevo. The study aims to analyze the results of measuring daily and nightly noise levels at five different locations along the route, using standard methods and tools for noise measurement. The methodology involved constructing walls made of steel supporting columns and transparent panels of varying heights, and conducting control measurements of daily and nightly noise levels. The research results indicate that sound barriers are effective in reducing noise in the vicinity of roadways, especially during the daytime. However, nighttime noise values were slightly higher than the maximum allowable values, indicating the need for additional measures to control noise during nighttime hours. The importance of proper planning, construction, and maintenance of sound barriers is emphasized to ensure a better living environment for urban residents and reduce irritation caused by traffic noise.</span></p>