As web applications have grown to become more dynamic, frontend rendering strategies have also become more central in the architectural discussions. The three main strategies are client-side, server-side, and hybrid rendering, yet empirical comparisons of them under controlled conditions are limited. Each of them has their own set of trade-offs, and this study systematically evaluates them using three functionally and visually identical frontends which are connected to a single backend. The metrics which were collected described the rendering strategies' performance, user experience, search engine optimisation and crawlability, and resource utilisation. Results show that server-side and hybrid rendering significantly improve initial load performance and search engine optimisation compared to client-side rendering, reducing First Contentful Paint by approximately 65% on average, while client-side rendering reduces server resource usage but suffers from delayed rendering and poor crawlability. Hybrid rendering achieves the best balance between performance and search engine optimisation, but with higher resource consumption. These findings highlight that rendering strategy selection should be driven by application requirements, considering crawlability, infrastructure, and performance objectives.

This paper concentrates on the analysis of spam messages as well as processing them by using machine learning models. The result of this research allows the reader to learn about the most important characteristics of spam messages in the form of the most common pattern used, which may assist in their detection as well as prevention of any kind of loss that may occur.

Cancer is the leading disease in the world by the increasing number of new patients and deaths every year. Hence, it is the most feared disease of our time. It is believed that lung cancer and breast cancer are most common types of cancer and they both are subtypes of the same group of cancer – carcinoma. With this type of cancer early detection is of great importance for patient survival. As it is the disease that has unfortunately been around for many years, today we have datasets with all necessary information for diagnosing and predicting cancer. Predicting cancer means deciding if the cancer is malignant or benign. The key to this answer lays in different values of parameters that have been stored when the disease was discovered. Machine learning plays the crucial role in predicting cancer, given the fact that algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF) and etc. are designed to find the pattern that occurs in large sets of data and based on that make a decision. In this paper, author's goal is to see how machine learning and its practical implementation on public datasets can help with early breast cancer diagnosis and hopefully help save more lives.

The purpose of the credit scoring process is the classification of the loan as default or non-default trying to reduce the risk for financial institutions. Paper aims to illustrate the implementation of a credit scoring model using boosting techniques. Specifically, the proposed solution is implemented using XGBoost algorithm discussing the role of hyperparameter tuning and feature selection in result optimization. Data used for obtaining performance scores is real-world data provided by a microfinance institution based in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results suggest that significant optimization of XGBoost may be performed, yet, the model fails to outperform typically recommended approaches for solving credit scoring problem. Given that, it is suggested that although boosting techniques are increasingly being relied upon, it is unaccountable to make a decision without understanding the specificity of data and questioning whether other techniques are more suitable.

The problem of nonperforming loans is one of the biggest problems in the banking sector. In order to mitigate this problem, it is necessary to improve the methods of credit risk assessment. One way to minimize credit risk is to improve the assessment of the creditworthiness of the applicant. In order to make a more accurate assessment, many models have been developed using classification techniques. This paper demonstrates the use of classification techniques in the form of a single classifier or in a classifier ensemble setting. We proposed bagging as a model ensemble using artificial neural networks. In the experiment conducted with the Bosnian commercial banks dataset, the proposed model showed promising results according to evaluation criteria, especially after the process of feature selection. Both individual and wrapper feature selection methods were used. Bagging with neural network (NNBag) outperforms commonly used techniques with accuracy improvement from 1% to 5%. The superiority of the proposed model (NNBag) is confirmed on two widely available datasets for assessing creditworthiness. Based on experimental results on three datasets, it is proven that NNBag is suitable for use in the assessment of the creditworthiness of applicants.