Reactive oxygen species (ROS) on Ribosome: from damage to regulation
The chemical reactive molecule ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) is a product of normal cellular metabolism. ROS plays a pivotal role in a wide range of biological processes, including aging, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have shown that ROS can also affect the ribosomes – molecular machines responsible for protein synthesis. ROS leads to errors in protein synthesis and the production of misfolded proteins, causing damage to ribosomes. However, it has also been suggested that ROS is implicated in the regulation of the ribosome activity under certain conditions. The aim of this paper is to review current knowledge regarding the effects of ROS on ribosomes, with a focus on the mechanisms by which ROS can cause damage to ribosomes and the potential role of ROS in regulating ribosome activity.