Contemporary Concepts of Transport Planning and Sustainable Urban Mobility
Contemporary urban development is characterized by increasing population mobility, rising motorization, and the negative impacts of transport on quality of life and the environment. In response to these challenges, the concept of sustainable urban mobility has been developed, integrating transport and spatial planning, environmental protection, and socio-economic development. The aim of this paper is to analyze contemporary transport planning concepts in the context of sustainable urban mobility, present European experiences, and assess the possibilities for their implementation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research applies methods of scientific literature review, analysis of the European Union's strategic documents, and a comparative analysis of best practice examples. Particular attention is devoted to Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs), including an analysis of the experiences of Vienna, Copenhagen, Ljubljana, and Barcelona. The results indicate that successful sustainable mobility requires integrated planning, institutional coordination, the development of alternative transport modes, and continuous monitoring of outcomes. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the greatest potential lies in improving public transport, promoting active mobility, implementing intelligent transport systems, and strengthening institutional capacities.